Inkambu ethi "Urengoi": umlando ukuthuthukiswa, Izimpahla, ukugcinwa, amathemba

Inkambu ethi "Urengoi" omunye giant emhlabeni. Kuyinto kunabayeni inani idiphozi, "eNyakatho / South Izig" emanzini Qatar ne-Iran. Proposed igesi izinqolobane kukhona cubic metres mayelana 10 isigidintathu ^3.

isikhundla ezindawo

Inkambu ethi "Urengoi" itholakala Western eSiberia, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, nedlanzana amakhilomitha ambalwa ukusuka emngceleni ye-Arctic Circle. Igama lenkundla ehlangene igama emzaneni Urengoy eseduze. Ukuthuthukiswa Its kuye kwaholela lokuzalwa lomuzi igesi abakhiqizi - Novy Urengoy.

Umlando "we Urengoy" ensimini

"Urengoi" ensimini ezitholakala 1966 VI Tsybenko esiteshini zokuzamazama komhlaba. Ukuhlola imithombo Purovsky esifundeni yaseTyumen kwaphawula ukuqala ukukhiqizwa olunzulu Igesi yemvelo olwaqala ngo-1978. It kwasuswa ebusweni izigidi eziyizi-100 m ³ of izinto zokusetshenziswa eminyakeni emithathu ezayo.

Inkambu libhekene nemingcele ezilandelayo: ubude - 220 km endaweni 6 ^{km2 ..} January 1984 imakwe isenzakalo esibalulekile - Urengoy igesi waqala ukuthi bathunyelwe ziye eNtshonalanga Yurophu okwesikhashana. Inani izinto ekhishwe ezikhulayo minyaka yonke: 9 ukuze ^{libe no 3} billion cubic metres gas ngonyaka ozayo 1978 - izikhathi 2.5, futhi ngo-1986, umthamo ifinyelele umthamo yakhelwe. Kusukela ngo-1997, ngaphezu igesi wasungula uwoyela imithombo.

Ngo-2008, saqala ukuthuthukisa Achimov idiphozithi yanoma igesi abacebile condensate.

igesi ukwakheka

Urengoysky kwachazwa ngokuthi igesi i-methane, inani lemikhaya 81-94% methane. Okuqukethwe i-nitrogen ne-carbon dioxide hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-1%.

isakhiwo

Inkambu ethi "Urengoi" ingxenye West laseSiberia petroleum sifundazwe futhi siqukethe ezifakwa ezine ngezinto zemvelo eluhlaza nge amazinga ehlukene nesenzakalo, - Cenomanian, Neocomian, Achim futhi Ephakathi. Isakhiwo idiphozi wabeka amatshe bobudala obungefani - kusuka Jurassic kuya Paleogene. Isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi yasendle elihlobene ne usishukumisele ebalulekile - North, eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu, okuyinto abacebile igesi. Emkhakheni Kutholwe igesi (1), igesi condensate (7) gazokondensatoneftyanye (30) namafutha (3) imali.

Achimov ezifakwa

Icubungula idatha imodeli wokubalwa kweminyaka ngamadwala "Urengoyskoye" ensimini kubonisa ubukhulu Achimovsk zokwakheka - 9137 km ² imiqulu igesi ezimbiwa phansi - 1 TCM ^3, igesi condensate -. engamathani ayizigidi ezingu-200 Lokhu kusikisela Achimovsk ezifakwa ethembisa kumiswa zemvelo evumela ukuba bandise ukukhiqizwa by ekhona amasimu. Nokho, i-indlela okwakheke ngayo igesi esindayo ngokuhlangana ukujula enkulu nge enomfutho futhi khona hydrocarbon esindayo kunzima ukuthuthukisa ensimini. Le phrojekthi yasungulwa ngala maphuzu. Njengoba imali Achimov ube umkhiqizo ongaphakeme, iphrojekthi ihlinzeka ovundlile Borehole imishini ubude 200-300 amamitha eduze umphetho.

Uma kwenziwa endaweni Yong-Yakhinskoye, ingxenye Greater Urengoja, ngenxa okuqukethwe igesi okwandisiwe condensate isetshenziswa inqubo ngebhayisikili. Negesi akhishwa ku amadamu, ngaleyo ndlela kwande Condensate. Lokhu kuvumela uhlelo kuphakamisa esiphezulu kobuso condensate kwesigubhu ekhona njalo iyehlisa ukulahlekelwa.

Enkundleni "Vuktyl" Inhloso yalo condensate sithuthukiswe kube yilolu suku luhlala olufanele, njengoba amanani abalulekile condensate izinqolobane bahlale kwesigubhu.

Ezikhona "ku Urengoy" ensimini

UGM izinqolobane Geological balinganiselwa ku 16 isigidintathu m ^{3 Igesi} yemvelo. Ukufingqa kwenzeka mhlawumbe bhiliyoni 1.2 amathani.

isikhundla wamanje

Kuze kube yimanje, "Urengoy" ensimini, inani kumbiwa imithombo yokusebenza safinyelela 1300. Amalungelo anikezwe basonta LLC "Gazprom ezimayini Urengoy". Kuyinto ephethwe PJSC "Gazprom" (nge-100% lamasheya). Ekupheleni kuka-2008 i-volume inkampani ukukhiqizwa gas kudlulwe 6 isigidintathu m. Leli rekhodi izwe ezisohlwini Guinness Book of Records yeRussia.

amathemba

Operation "ku Urengoy" ensimini esikhathini esizayo esiseduze kuhilela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Achimov imali. Ngo-2011, maphakathi ucwaningo "TyumenNIIgiprogaz" LLC waqalisa umdwebo inqubo ukugeleza. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kuchazwe isu ukuthuthukiswa futhi acabangele izithakazelo bonke abasebenzisi kugcwele. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we banephupho kusuka 2015 kuya 2017, ngokubeka omunye ezizindeni ezintathu Achimov. ukukhiqizwa Condensate by 2024 nhlobo amasayithi kuzokhulisa kuphrojekthi izibalo, t. E. Ngo lemali ayizigidi ezingu 10.8 ngonyaka. Umqulu ibalwa igesi kukhiqizwa 36,8 bn m ³ ngonyaka kulindeleke ukuba sifinyelele-mu 2024. I wabikezela ileveli enkulu namafutha amathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-11 ngonyaka.

Umnikelo "VNIPIgazdobycha"

Inkambu ethi "Urengoi" kubaluleke kakhulu umnotho Russian. Ngaphakathi dalo of ukukhiqizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi giant UGM igesi nendima enkulu "VNIPIgazdobycha". New design ubuchwepheshe, ithuthukiswe nokwenganye esiyingqayizivele ukuthuthukiswa uhlelo imali kawoyela negesi zenzelwe ngenxa yomsebenzi yesikhathi eside ososayensi nabaqambi.