AC. DC futhi AC zamanje

Noma yimuphi umuntu amkhethile ukusebenza ubunjiniyela kagesi njengomkhakha othile kwezemfundo, kufanele siqonde kahle ukuthi imithombo ukuthengisela, kanye izici balungise nezingxabano abanazo. Eqinisweni, akukho nzima, njengoba sizokubonisa kulesi sihloko.

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi lizofuna zwe lanamuhla kuzonyamalala yakhe amandla kagesi nemishini ahlobene. Mhlawumbe, abantu namanje uzosebenzisa umusi izinjini namandla kwemisipha kwezilwane kanye nawe nabazalwane zabo. Umuntu angekhe atjho ukuthi ngubani kuqala wathola amandla kagesi: isibonelo, spinners e Syria abahlakaniphile basendulo basebenzisa impahla amber uzibuthe (gesi), u-Aristotle wazama ukuhlola amathuba ray kagesi, kodwa Kuthiwani futhi ngengozi umbani yaziwa kusukela ekuqaleni kwezwe (akumangalisi abanye abantu babekhulekela wakhe).

Amandla kagesi kuyinto amabili izinhlobo - AC futhi DC. Lo mehluko wenza kungenxa ekuwulungiseleleni indlela. Ngakho, isixhumi sakho samandla umthombo ihlinzeka samanje Uhlobo lokuqala kanye njalo - yesibili. By endleleni, lapha division zibe "kuqala - yesibili" kunemibandela. Ngo ubunjiniyela kagesi, isetshenziswa njengophawu kwamandla AC futhi DC. Ake osikhumbulayo theory.

Noma yimuphi zamanje kagesi simele ukunyakaza izinhlayiya icala iqondiswe eduze impahla conductive we electromotive amandla EMF. isinyathelo sangaphandle ngokusho kwabanye electron ngesikhathi ezungeza yangaphandle-athomu, amandla anele ukuba banqobe ekhangayo nucleus. Ngenxa yalokho, kukhona khulula icala abathwali - electron futhi ion. Ngokomthetho ukulondolozwa amandla, inqubo ye recombination izinhlayiya wemvelo athomu ezungeze ngesikhathi ngehele amasayithi. Ngaphandle zangaphandle impendulo isakhiwo indaba abuyiselwe. Nokho, uma oqhuba isifundo ixhunywe umthombo amandla electromotive, emkhakheni elakhiwe mababuye le recombination endaweni efanele - i kagesi. AC empeleni limelela generator EMF Vector kabani orientation iyahlukahluka ngezikhathi emuva. Yingakho igama "variable". AC amandla supply ezimweni eziningi imelelwa umthamo Generating - ugesi e izitshalo amandla yesimanje ukukhiqiza ncamashi kushintshana zamanje. Ziyakwazi kunokwethenjelwa ukusebenza futhi kulula ukuyinakekela, kuka imodeli ngalendoda for DC. Umdwebo AC imithombo ngokuvamile ebekwe umbuthano igagasi ngaphakathi. Lokhu wave - umfanekiso ufanekisela igagasi sine.

umthombo AC ukhiqiza ukunyakaza izinhlayiya hhayi kuphela ushintsha isiqondiso, kodwa "ezintantayo" amandla value. sinusoid Sheer ubonisa ukuthi ngezikhathi ukubaluleka sidlula zero.

On a ehluke ngokuphelele isimiso okusekelwe DC amandla. Zakha umqhubi njalo ensimini kagesi bebheke ukwakha ohlangothini ukunyakaza kokuba kuyizinhlayiyana kwenkokhelo. Kuthathwa ngokuthi i-zamanje ogeleza usuka omuhle koxhumana naye omubi (kusuka positive negative). Empeleni, ama-electron, ukuhambisa kolunye uhlangothi - kusukela lokususa plus. Kusukela ophethe electron eyodwa alivumi, esibulalayo nge uphawu "lokususa" ibonisa okweqa izinhlayiya (kungakho icala Imininingwane). Ngokusekelwe yokuthi izinhlayiya Okusizayo oppositely icala ukuheha nomunye, akunzima ukuqagela ukuthi electron bachubeka umqhubi kusukela "lokususa" a "plus". Ivunyelwe ushintsho yokufakelwa yenani wamanje - lokhu zamanje alupheli ukuba uhlale njalo. Kukhona izixazululo eziningi ezahlukene ukuguqula wamanje ngqo kushintshana (sine wave ugesi) kanye noHezekeli (rectifiers, amabhuloho).