Inhloko-dolobha yokuqala embusweni waseGibhithe lingumuzi Memphis

Egypt - sombuso impucuko. Omunye lo Imizi eminingi yasendulo emhlabeni kwaphakama endaweni ukuthi State. Nokho, akubona bonke uyazi iyiphi - 1 inhloko-dolobha yombuso waseGibhithe. Futhi akusiwona ukuthi sibuthakathaka umlando. Vele emlandweni walo e-Egypt, kukhona imibuso eziningana ezahlukene, abase-abaxabene. Ngakho-ke, ngale ndaba, abanye bathi, "owokuqala dolobha yalo mGibhithe umbuso okwakuseduze layo umuzi eThebes." Abanye bathi - Nekhen (inhloko-dolobha elibangise eNhla neGibhithe), kanye neminye - Per-Wadjet (inhloko-dolobha Lower Egypt). Ngo indaba yethu thina sizogxila inhloko-dolobha yombuso ohlangene wakwa-Egypt.

edolobheni entsha

Ngokusho imithombo ethembekile, inhloko-dolobha yokuqala embusweni waseGibhithe lingumuzi Memphis. Umlando waleli dolobha esijabulisayo kodwa futhi kungokwalabo endaweni ethile e-XXX-XXVIII eminyaka BC. e, t. e. ngenkulungwane yeminyaka yesithathu phambi Kristu. Umsunguli wawo ungumbusi abadumile zombuso Upper Menes, noma njengoba ibizwa ngenye indlela, Mina. Emhlabeni edolobheni nge umyalo wenkosi izindonga zaba mhlophe sekwakhiwe, futhi kwaba ezingavamile ngenxa emizini yaseGibithe. Ngakho-ke, inhloko-dolobha laqanjwa ngokuthi Inbu ezivikela ukulahlekelwa, t. E. "udonga emhlophe". Memphis baba ezimaphakathi nedolobha umbuso waseGibhithe, united kwamazwe amabili nobutha - Upper futhi Lower Egypt. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, Menes wayeyiNkosi Upper Kingdom. Njengoba nekazuzelwa yibo ephansi, wahlanganyela nabo futhi wathi umbusi wawo womabili la. Kulokhu, Menes yagcotshwa umqhele kabili, eyayihunyushwe ehlotshiswe Amatshwayo ezimbili uthi - umfanekiso inyoka engcwele (uphawu Lower naseGibhithe) kanye umqhele bunjwa okungavamile - esifuze Upper Kingdom. isinyathelo esilandelayo kwaba ukusungula inhloko-dolobha entsha, elalisendaweni empambana esikhanyisela ngeminingi yale mibuso emibili. Nokho, umngcele phakathi kwawo wakhonza Nile, noma kunalokho omunye izingalo zakhe. Khona-ke inkosi yayala ukuba umbe isiteshi esisha lokhu kutheleka kwabantu, futhi ukwakha idamu ukuqondisa kabusha amanzi. On akhululwa insimu yakhe futhi idolobha elisha lakhiwa. Kafushane, King Minh waba umsunguli hhayi kuphela we baseGibhithe lasendulo isimo, kodwa futhi isikhungo yayo zokuphatha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi inhloko-dolobha yokuqala embusweni waseGibhithe lingumuzi Memphis.

Amagama athile zaseNofi

Igama elithi "Memphis" livela ngesiGreki. Lapho uFaro uPepi (Piopi) e I elikhulu ethempelini eziyinkimbinkimbi Yakhiwa, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i Abesilisa Nefer uPepi (nge Kuhumusha saseGibhithe njengendodana "iqinile futhi mihle, efana uPepi"), noma Mennefer - leli gama futhi kwaba Memphis isihloko. Kulo muzi kwakunamaJuda elinye igama - Het-ka-Ptah, ie, "abode umphefumulo Ptah" ... Kuqhamuka igama unkulunkulu - nomvikeli edolobheni. Wabalwa uyise ezweni, futhi lakhiwa udumo bakhe emzini sethempeli Ptah. Amanxiwa izakhiwo Namanje kubhekwe izimpawu zendawo ka emaphethelweni.

Kukhona elinye igama for emzini Memphis - "Mehattaui". It ngokuvamile lihunyushwa ngokuthi "isikali womabili la mazwe." Mhlawumbe kwakusho ukuthi umuzi waba inhloko-dolobha, counterbalanced amandla kokubili imibuso. Kuze kube sekupheleni XXIII ekhulwini BC. e. inhloko-dolobha yokuqala embusweni iGibhithe lalingekho Memphis. Nokho, ngemva kwalokhu kwekhulu, Izwe lahlukaniswa laba Polynomials eziningi. Ngamunye kubo babefuna abe isikhungo layo siqu zokuphatha. Ngakho, inhloko-dolobha entsha zombuso waseGibhithe. Nokho, phakathi nabo, Memphis bekulokhu inhloko-dolobha yokuqala (main) nome. Wayengumuntu isikhungo zenkolo, kwakukhona ama-API yamathuna - inkunzi engcwele.