Yiziphi yemakhono umdwebo?

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ebuka esikalini esezingeni umdwebo, kufanele baqonda ukuthi ngumqondo inikezwe. Ngakho, i-value enjalo ngokuvamile isilinganiso Ubukhulu ezimbili komugqa. Nokho, ezaziwa kuveze ezinjalo le ncazelo, njengoba isilinganiso usayizi umdwebo usayizi into yangempela. Ngenxa yalokho, singasho kufanele bazitshela ukuthi igama elithi engenhla esetshenziswa ekudwetshweni kwamabalazwe, ohlola, futhi yebo, design.

Kungani lokhu kwakudingeka?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, into yangempela kungase kudingeke kube ngokwanele usayizi ezinkulu nezincane kakhulu. Nokho, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukungakhathazeki luhlaka noma yini ekuphileni-usayizi, njengoba ukukhonjiswa ephepheni, ukwakha uhlelo kuzodinga ezinkulukazi usayizi ngendwangu, futhi, esikhundleni salokho, lokuphinda izinto ezincane (efana lo mshini iwashi) ungadinga ngezinga eliphezulu ngokuningiliziwe. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu ingashintshwa ukuze amele izinto ezidingekayo, okuyinto ezithile zesikhathi encishisiwe (noma ukwanda kwemithwalo) ukuzwakala futhi okuthiwa "efundeka" iphethini. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo nezindinganiso ezithile, isibonelo, GOST "Umdwebo isikali" achaza zonke izimfuneko ifomu bese ugcwalisa izithombe abafanele.

izinto ezinkulu

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukuze isibonisi kwamabhilidi nezinye izinto ezinkulu kudingeka zisebenzisa umdwebo isikali okuthiwa ukunciphisa. Ziyakwazi zifane, okusho ukuthi amasampuli okungahleliwe asifanele. The njalo kunazo ihlangabezane amanani alandelayo: 1: 2; 2.5; 4; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 40; 50; 75; 100; 200; 400; 500; 800; 1000. Ake sibone ukuthi yini irekhodi yalolu hlobo. Ngakho, i-real (ngamanye amagama, zemvelo) ubukhulu bento sivezwe kula uhlobo lettering 1: 1. Ngakho-ke, nge nokuncipha isikali imidwebo uchaze kuqala usayizi wangempela (1) igama lilandelwa inombolo okhombisa kukangaki umdwebo kuyehla isihlobo Ubukhulu bangempela. Ngo ukwakhiwa, ngaphezu amarekhodi ngenhla ejwayelekile, izikhombo angasetshenziswa 1: 2000; 5000; 10000; 20000; 25000; 50,000.

izingxenye ezincane

Kuleso simo, uma isibalo kuyadingeka ukudweba izinto ezincane, esikalini bendabuko wokukhuphuka imidwebo asetshenziswa. Kulokhu, kukhona okuhlukahlukene kangaka amagugu, kodwa okujwayelekile ezibekwe amagugu Balisebenzisa kakhulu. Ngakho, inani ejwayelekile imi kanje: 2; 2.5; 4; 5; 10; 20; 40; 50; 100: 1. Incazelo amalebula ofanayo ufunde kanje: kuqala inombolo elikhombisa kukangaki isithombe umdwebo luyanda ziqhathaniswa into yokuqala. Izinombolo yesibili ngemva ikholoni ikhombisa yangempela (aka - zemvelo noma zangempela) ubukhulu bento (okuthathwa njengokumele kube 1).

isiphetho

Lesi sihloko bahlola isikali wemidwebo kanye nezikhundla zabo ezijwayelekile. Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi siqu izinhlelo, amaphrojekthi nokusondeza lenani elicacisiwe ibhokisi ekhethekile uzimele, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-isitembu.