Inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula. inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula ngemva kokushaywa yinhliziyo. ukuhlinzwa Inhliziyo dlula: Izibuyekezo nesineke

Yenhliziyo Umthambo dlula ngokuxhunyelelwa (CABG), - eyohlinzwa okwabelwe uma isifo senhliziyo. Ukuvaleka kwemithambo usinika inhliziyo ngegazi (stenosis) kwenzeka ngenxa ukwakheka zingcwecwe atherosclerotic kuzo igcwele nemiphumela emibi kulowo nesineke. Lapho siyabhubha kwegazi imisipha yenhliziyo, myocardium uthola ngaphansi kwenani edingekayo wegazi umsebenzi, eyagcina kuholela kulimaze futhi kwehlise. Kulokhu, abantu ibhekene angina (ubuhlungu besifuba) ngesikhathi umzimba.

I zokugula ezivamile phakathi kwazo zonke isifo senhliziyo izenzo senhliziyo (CHD). Akaphishekeli onga futhi abesifazane futhi amadoda. Ukuntuleka kokukhulumisana liningi igazi kungaholela izingxenye senhliziyo esilimele necrosis - isilethikusebenza, okuyinto ngobuso yezinkinga ezinzima noma ukufa. inhliziyo dlula ukuhlinzwa ngemva kokushaywa yinhliziyo ukuqeda imiphumela yayo, nokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokwelashwa ischemic isifo senhliziyo, linqume, uma kwakungenakwenzeka ukufeza ngosizo ukwelashwa ngoludala nomphumela omuhle. Lona olukhulu kakhulu, kodwa indlela esifaneleka kunazo zonke zokubuyiselwa ukugeleza kwegazi. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza yini inhliziyo yenhliziyo ukuhlinzwa Umthambo dlula nendlela nokukulungiselela.

Kuyini yokusebenza

CABG engenziwa ngesikhathi izilonda eyodwa noma amaningi kwemithambo. Phakathi ukusebenza kulezo izitsha lapho ukugeleza kwegazi iphazamisekile, ukudala shunts - ukuzama. Lokhu kwenziwa anamathisela Umthambo enempilo kuya yenhliziyo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugeleza kwegazi kumelwe ukundlula isikhala Ilokhi noma stenosis. Inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula, ngaleyo ndlela, oluqinisekisa liningi igazi okugcwele imisipha yenhliziyo.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlinzwa

Ayikho ezingabalulekile kangako ukuze sibe impumelelo CABG kuka amaqembu professional nodokotela, it has a umoya womuntu elihle umphumela omuhle yokuphathwa. Lo msebenzi eziyingozi kakhudlwana kunamanye izinhlobo zokuhlinza, kodwa kudinga ukulungiselela ukuthethwa kwecala. Okokuqala, njengoba phambi yimuphi ukuhlinzwa inhliziyo, isiguli uthunyelwa ukuze ahlolwe, esakhiwa ngo ufeza electrocardiogram, imisindo ephansi, ukuhlolwa laboratory ukuhlaziywa kanye, kanye nesimo jikelele ihlolwe ngokuhlanganiswa esifundweni. Futhi kudingeka wenze angiography (tikoronarografiyu). Lokhu nenqubo ethile yokuthola isifo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba sithole isimo ukusuthisa imithambo senhliziyo esilimele ukukhomba indawo esiqondile kumiswa-plaque kanye nezinga ukuvaleka. Ukwenza ucwaningo usebenzisa rentgenapparatury (iqondiswa ngesikhathi imikhumbi izidakamizwa radiopaque, bese ukuthatha isithombe).

Ingxenye izindlela zokuxilonga wenziwa endaweni esibhedlela, futhi abanye - esigulini esingalalisiwe esibhedlela. Le ndoda ukubeka esibhedlela, ngokuvamile ngesonto ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi ukulungiselelwa ngokucophelela iqala. Omunye izigaba ngendlela ebaluleke kakhulu - ekuthuthukiseni a ukuphefumula isu elikhethekile, owawungumnyaka kamuva ewusizo kakhulu.

ukusebenza

Njengoba sekushiwo, yenhliziyo inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula eyenziwa ukudala ngosizo a shunt kusukela aorta ukuze imithambo ukuzama ezengeziwe kuyokwenzeka ukundlula isayithi zaphazamisa futhi ubuyisele ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngokuvamile shunt iba Umthambo thoracic, ngoba kungenxa izici zayo eziyingqayizivele enokumelana okuhle isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi futhi ukuphila isikhathi eside njengoba shunt. Kwezinye izimo, usebenzisa Umthambo osabalalayo noma saphenous vein ethangeni.

Inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula kungaba olulodwa, kabili, kathathu nokunye. Kuya ngokuthi kuyinto ukuvinjelwa bangaki izitsha yenhliziyo. By the way, degree of izimpawu zesifo ukuthi akuxhomekile. Ngokwesibonelo, isiguli kakhulu yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo kungadinga ukunqunywa shunt eyodwa kuphela futhi umuntu onaleli zokugula ububonisa kancane - ababili noma abathathu. Umsebenzi wenziwa Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwenhliziyo ngaphandle ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele, kuye ngokuthi ezingeni eliyinkimbinkimbi, kungaba isikhathi eside bathathu kuya kwabayisithupha.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu CABG

1. With ukusetshenziswa umshini heart-lung. Uma usebenzisa le ndlela, inhliziyo yesiguli imisiwe.
2. On a kwenhliziyo eshayayo. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuqedela ukusebenza ngokushesha futhi unciphise amathuba zinkinga, kodwa kudinga kakhulu isipiliyoni odokotela abahlinzayo.
3. Kancane ukufinyelela koda (ukusebenzisa umshini heart-lung noma cha). Lena yindlela yokudukisa empeleni esasisesisha ukuthi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ezinciphisa ukopha lapho ukungenelela, ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuthola ezithathelwanayo. Ngemva CABG ezifana isiguli silulama ngokushesha, ngesikhathi ngihlala esibhedlela kuyehla kube emihlanu - izinsuku eziyishumi.

Kufanele ukuthi aphinde ahlinzwe inhliziyo kunezakho izingozi ezithile. Nokho, ngenxa imishini yesimanje, ubuchwepheshe kanye nekuchazwa ngokoqobo ezibanzi, abayiphethe ukuyinciphisa. ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ngokuya imiphumela emihle ahlinzwe inhliziyo dlula. Uphenyo iningi abantu abathintekayo eyohlinzwa ezinjalo, ofakwe amazwi okubonga odokotela. Noma kunjalo, onalesi sifo incike izici ngamunye isiguli kanye isithombe emitholampilo ye isifo.

Isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa umuntu egunjini labagula kakhulu, yilapho liqala ukubuyiselwa eyinhloko wamaphaphu imisipha yenhliziyo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi eziqhutshwa ukuphefumula kahle. Isikhathi sokuhlala e labagula kungaba zinsuku abafinyelela kwabayishumi, kuye ngokuthi indlela inqubo uqhutshwa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo dlula. Ukuvuselelwa futhi iqala esibhedlela, futhi eminye ubabonisa maphakathi ukuvuselelwa. I ezivuzayo ngezihluthu futhi emuva lapho wathatha indaba for shunt, ukuze ugweme ukuwohloka nokungcola sihlanzwe antiseptics. Thatha zibayise endaweni ethile ngosuku lwesikhombisa, lapho esasesipholile kahle.

nokuvuselelwa

Ezindaweni lapho kwakukhona ezivuzayo, isikhathi esithile uyozizwa ubuhlungu futhi esivuthayo. Lapho izilonda kancane omude (amaviki amabili), isiguli ovunyelwe ushawa. Angawokuphulukisa ithambo sternum tidzinga sikhatsi lesinyenti - kwezinyanga ezine kuya kweziyisithupha. Ungakwazi ukugqoka ngebhandeshi esifubeni ukusheshisa le nqubo. Ngo phakathi namasonto okuqala amane kuya eziyisikhombisa phezu imilenze badinga ukugqoka ekhethekile amasokisi nokunwebeka ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala. Ngalesi sikhathi, thina kufanele azigcine umsebenzi okukhulu.

Ngoba igazi ukulahleka ezenzeka phakathi ukusebenza, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni ingaqala kubantu. Nokho, noma ikuphi ukwelashwa ekhethekile Kulokhu ayidingekile. Vele ugcine ukudla, ogxile ukusetshenziswa imikhiqizo equkethe esiningi yensimbi, futhi kamuva ngenyanga, hemoglobin ubuyela evamile. Isiguli kuyodingeka wenze umzamo ukuze ubuyisele ukuphefumula evamile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afeze ekhethekile ukuphefumula umzimba, okuyinto wayefundiswe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Futhi ba angasetshenziswa ukuze ugweme i-pneumonia.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa inhliziyo dlula kwenzeka ukukhwehlela. Akubalulekile wesabe. Ukukhwehlela - kuyingxenye ebalulekile nokuvuselelwa. Lula kungenzeka yayo ngokucindezela entendeni noma ibhola esifubeni. ushintsho evamile isikhundla komzimba ngeke ukusheshisa le nqubo zokuphulukisa. Odokotela bavame sichaze nendlela yokuzigwema ukuze ujike futhi uma sidingeka.

Ukuvuselelwa kuhambisana ukwenyuka kancane umzimba. Lapho isiguli siyeke angina, kunikezelwe edingekayo imodi ukushayela. umuntu Okokuqala avunyelwe ukuhamba ibangana (ngosuku kuze kube ikhilomitha elilodwa) emaphasishi asesibhedlela ke kancane kancane ukwandisa umthwalo, futhi ngemva kwesikhashana cishe yonke imikhawulo ziyasuswa.

emva osenyameni

Abantu abaye ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo dlula, kunconywa emva kokwelashwa esibhedlela uvakashele indawo. Ngemva kwesikhath elilodwa nengxenye noma izinyanga ezimbili, ungakwazi ubuyele emsebenzini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele iqhutshwe ukuhlolwa umthwalo lokuhlola patency ukudlula ecaleni grafts abeka futhi ubone ukuthi wenza kahle supply umoya-mpilo zenhliziyo. Uma kungekho izinguquko kwi ECG, isiguli engazizwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo ukuhlolwa, kusho ukuthi yokutakula angabhekwa yimpumelelo.

Inhliziyo ukuhlinzwa dlula: intengo

Lo msebenzi omkhulu, ngakho-ke inenani sezingeni eliphezulu, okuyinto incike inombolo oyifunayo grafts, indlela ukuphazamiseka, isimo samanje impilo isiguli, ngezinga elithile ukuba kuhlinzekwe ngemva CABG. Omunye umbandela okubalulekile intengo - ezingeni emtholampilo okuzokwenziwa bahlinza inhliziyo dlula. Yiqiniso, ukwenza ukuhlinzwa evamile Isibhedlela Inhliziyo kuyoba ezishibhile umtholampilo yangasese ezikhethekile. Ngokwesilinganiso, eMoscow izindleko CABG zokhahlamba kusuka ruble ayizigidi 150-500, e-Israel - ayizinkulungwane 23-30 zamadola, semitholampilo Germany intengo eyohlinzwa uqala kusuka ayizinkulungwane 25 euro.

ukuhlinzwa Inhliziyo dlula: Izibuyekezo nesineke

Abantu abaningi baye bayincoma ukuthi emumva CABG uya kanzima. Iziguli ukuzwa ecinene, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Abanye bathi isikhashana zonke kwakudingeka balale isigamu-bayiphendule. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, abantu ayisekho ubuhlungu ngemuva breastbone, endaweni ethile e ngenyanga kukhona ukuba ngcono okukhulu, lokhu ashukumisayo iqhubeka phambili. Iziguli Ngahlinzwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule kuye kwenziwa, bathi abazizwa kahle, kanye enempilo. Abanye bakhala ngokuthi kwadingeka ukuba uhlaziye indlela yabo yokuphila, ukuyeka ukubhema, ukudla. Kodwa eqinisweni, give up imikhuba emibi kufanele kube kubo bonke abantu, hhayi nje kulabo abaye baba ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.

Ekuphetheni

Ezimweni ezithile ukuhlinzwa kuphela kungasindisa ukuphila. isikhathi Made ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo dlula kungaba ivimbela ukumelwa inhliziyo noma imiphumela yayo sina, buyela kumuntu emsebenzini ngokugcwele. Hlala uphilile!