Ijacquard "evila": uhlelo. Amathrekhi wokuthola: amaphethini, isithombe

Ngonyaka wezinkathi ezilandelanayo, iphethini ye-Jacquard ngezingubo eziboshwe ihlala ifaka imfashini. Kungani umhlobiso omibalabala ubizwa nge-jacquard? Ungabopha kanjani le iphethini? Kungani abanye babo bebizwa ngokuthi "abavilapha"? Sizozama ukuphendula le mibuzo kulesi sihloko.

Leli gama lithola kanjani iphethini?

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye kuvela i- loom ekhethekile , okwenza kube lula ukudala izindwangu zendwangu ngendwangu eyinkimbinkimbi yemicu. Umsunguli walo nguJoseph Maria Jacquard. Egameni lakhe wathola igama nephethini.

Ekhaya, ungakwazi ukubopha amaphethini anjalo ngamagundane ahlangene. Ama-Scheme, njengombuso, onzima, futhi ngisho nesisebenzi esinekhono elizokwazi ukuyiqonda.

Amaphethini aseJacquard ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, eningi lokuxhunyaniswa kwezintambo nembala, kodwa kukhona nalabo abalungile kakhulu ukwenza.

Ubunzima bokubopha amaphethini kusuka ezinhlokweni eziningana

Ukuhlanganiswa komhlobiso wezinhlobonhlobo ezivela emathinini amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa kunzima kakhulu futhi kungumlingisi onokuhlangenwe nakho kuphela ongakwenza. Kuzothatha isineke nokukhathalela okuningi - ngezikhathi eziningana ukukhulula iphethini, kufanele ushintshe izintambo izikhathi eziningana. Ubunzima futhi ukuthi ama-tangles agxilwe futhi agxilwe, ngisho nalawo machungechunge angabambi iqhaza ekubambeni, ukudonsa ndawonye ingubo, edlulisela ohlangothini olungalungile.

Uma igebe eliphakathi kwemibala emibili lingaphezu kwemigqa emibili, kuyadingeka ukuwela izintambo ngokungeziwe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze intambo entsha icindezele ngaphambili, esivele iboshwe. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, amaphutha amile afakwe ngaphakathi kwendwangu.

Zonke lezi zobungcweti zinciphisa inqubo yokudala umkhiqizo futhi ithinte izinga lomsebenzi.

Kungani amanye ama-jacquards "avilapha"?

Ukungaqondakali ekusebenzeni kwamaphethini abathandi bokubopha kuthiwa "i-jacquard evila". Ama-Schemes ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi imigqa emibili yokubopha, eyodwa emva komunye, iboshiwe ku-tangle eyodwa, kuyilapho eminye imibala ibonakala kusukela emalangeni angaphambilini asusiwe noma asulwa ngendlela ekhethekile. Lokhu kuyinto elula kakhulu emsebenzini, njengoba izingcweti zingagxiliwe nezinye izintambo, ingubo ngokwazo ayidonseli ndawonye eceleni olungalungile ngenxa yemicu yentambo.

Ngezinye izikhathi ezincwadini zokubamba kukhona amagama afana nokuthi IJacquard yamanga, umhlobiso onobuhle noma umane - iphethini enobucayi. Mhlawumbe, lamagama anikezwa kulezi zingxube ngoba azidingi izinga eliphakeme lekhono nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle ekunqobeni, futhi bahlanganisa ngokushesha kakhulu kunama-classic classic.

Akuyona ingozi ukuthi ama-knitters amaningi asebenzisa ama-jacquards asobuhle emikhiqizweni yabo. Amaphethini amaphetheni abhalwe ngendlela yokuthi phakathi nenqubo yokubopha, akudingeki ukuba ushintshe intambo, yonke imigqa emibili idalwe kusuka ku-tangle eyodwa. Lokhu kwenza umsebenzi ube lula futhi ngokushesha.

Izici zendalo

Sizokwazi ukuthi singamelana kanjani nejacquard enobucayi. Amasu ayo, njengawo wonke amanye, ahlanganisa imigqa yangaphambili nangemuva. Izici zephethini zimi kanje:

• Okokuqala, kokubili imigqa - phambili nangemuva - ihlanganiswe ngentambo eyodwa kusuka ku-tangle eyodwa. Ishintsha kuphela ohlangothini, ekugcineni kwesokudla kwendwangu.
• Okwesibili, uma imigqa ebusweni ihlanganisiwe (kuma-schemes, njengemithetho, engaqondakali), intambo, ehlangene, ishiywe emasongweni asuswe emsebenzini. Futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho imigqa yokuhlunga (noma ngisho) iboshelwe, intambo iholwa ngaphambi kwendwangu. Njengomphumela walo mthetho, ama-broaches, njengama-jacquards asendulo, ahlale ohlangothini olungalungile.
• Okwesithathu, lapho udala uchungechunge lwama-purl, ama-loops ahlanganiswe ngokuvumelana ne-scheme, njengoba nje elala phezu kwezwi (ngokuvamile i-purl). Uma i-loop ihlangabezane nayo, isuswa futhi ivuliwe, ngokulandela umthetho oboniswe ngenhla.

Iphi iphethini ebonakalayo esetshenzisiwe?

Amathrekhi ahlale ehlelekile futhi ethandwa. Imihlobiso yesitayela kazwelonke ihlale ihambisana ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezingxenyeni zezingane, amahhashi, ama-overalls akhanyayo kanye namaphetheni ahlukeneyo asetshenziswayo, kanye namaphethini afanekisiwe. Ijacquard enobuqili inamathe imikhiqizo eminingi. I-pullovers yabesifazane, amajack kanye nezinye izingubo ngokuvamile zihlotshiswe ngomhlobiso ohlosiwe wombala emibili noma emithathu. Futhi ngokusetshenziswa kwezingubo zokugqoka zomuntu nezithukumezi, njengomthetho, kusetshenziselwa ama-motifs aqinile futhi aqondayo amabili.

Uma unquma ukudala amaphethini anjalo ngama-ayeli adibanisa, ama-schemes angathathwa ezincwadini nasemaphepheni ekusebenziseni izinsimbi. Futhi abanye amakhosi beza nabakho.

Iphethini ephelele yokubopha i-cap, i-sweater noma i-mittens iyi-jacquard enobucayi. AmaSimu ajwayelekile. Indlela yokudala esetshenziselwa ama-knitters ukudala imikhiqizo, yenza ukuba bafike ngamaphethini amasha "avila". Lokhu akulula kakhulu njengoba kubonakala, ngoba kubalulekile ukucabangela lawo maphethri esiwashiwo ngenhla.

Sizokutshela ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani amaphethini amabili ombala, okuthiwa "jacquard lazy". Imidwebo nencazelo yokubopha inikezwa ngezansi.

Amathrekhi "amathrekhi aqondile"

Le jacquard iyimidwebo emibala emibala emibala emibili. Kulungile ekwenzeni izingubo ezinganeni, ama-mittens nama-mitts, izobukeka kahle ku-hat, ingasetshenziswa kuma-cuffs nezinye izakhi zokuqeda. Ama-hinges ahlelwe ukuze i-tovas ibonakale ihle kakhulu uma ishintshela eqenjini elithintekayo lanoma yikuphi ukulingana.

Ngakho-ke, ake sikhethe imibala emibili yezinhlamvu futhi silungiselele ukuhlanganisa ijacquard enobucayi ngezinyosi zokugaya. Isigaba samakhosi sihlanganisa incazelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokudalwa kwaleli phethini.

Isethi yezinki

Kudingeka uthayiphe umcibisholo okhulunywa ngomunye wemibala emibili ekhethiwe inombolo yezingodo, ezizohlukaniswa zibe ezine, bese ufaka amanye ama-loops amathathu ukuze ulondoloze ukulinganisa kwephethini kanye nambili - okwenqenqemeni loops. Isibonelo, sihlanganisa isampula encane bese uthayipha amaconsi angu-20 (izingcezu ezingu-5 zezingodo ezingu-4), 3 ngokulinganisa kanye nemiphetho emibili. Amalokhi angu-25 kuphela.

Umugqa wokuqala

Sisebenzisa intambo yombala ofanayo njengama-hinges. Ukulandelana kokudala uchungechunge kuyoba kanje:

• Shiya i-loop enqenqemeni (vele ususe, ushiye intambo ngaphambi komsebenzi);
• Sasihlanganisa ubuso obusithathu, susa i-loop eyodwa ngaphandle kokukhululeka - phinda lokhu izikhathi eziningana (kusibonelo sethu - ezine);
• Ekupheleni kochungechunge - ubuso obuthathu;
• I-edge loop, ehlanganiswe phambili.

Umugqa wesibili

Siyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngentambo yombala ofanayo. Okokuqala susa i-loop enqenqemeni ngaphandle kokuhlanganisa. Bese ubopha ubuso obuso-3, emva kwalokho u-1 loop ususwe kalula, udlulise intambo phambi kwengubo. Siphindaphinda le nqubo izikhathi eziningana. Umkhawulo wokugcina we-loop uphinde ugobe ngaphambili.

Umugqa wesithathu

Sethula intambo yombala wesibili. I-edge loop (isusiwe nje). Ake senze i-1 face loop, emva kwalokho sizophinda lokhu kulandelana izikhathi eziningana: i-loop esisodwa - sisusa, sidlulisela intambo ngemuva kwayo, amathathu - siyathunga phambili. Ngemva kokuphinda leli phethini ekupheleni kochungechunge, kuzomele kuhlale izingodo ezimbili. Omunye uhlangene phambili ukulinganisa kwephethini, okwesibili - emaphethelweni, uhlanganiswe futhi ngaphambili.

Umugqa we-4

Sisebenzisa intambo efanayo nomugqa wesithathu. Ekuqaleni kochungechunge, njengokujwayelekile, i-loop eqenqemeni, efana nomsebenzi wonke, kufanele isuswe kuphela. Okulandelayo, udinga ukubopha eyodwa ye-face loop, ukuze i-symmetry iphindwe izikhathi eziningana: eyodwa - isuse, intambo ngenkathi ihola ngaphambi kwe-loop, futhi uhlangane nobuso. Ekupheleni komugqa, ubuso obunye kanye nohlangothi olulodwa lwe-edge loop luphinde luhlanganiswe.

Ngakho safika ekupheleni kwalolu hlelo. Ijacquard enobucayi ibopha ngokuqhubekayo, kuyilapho iphinda ngokulandelana umsebenzi kusukela othokweni lokuqala kuya kwesine.

Ukuxhaswa "kwe-pattern"

Siyakunakeka elinye i-jacquard enesiphukuphuku ngezinyosi zokugaya. Iqembu eliyinhloko elinenkcazelo yokubopha kwendwangu kusuka emiceleni yemibala emibili, isithombe neskimu kuholele kakhulu. Uma ugoba leli phethini, yonke imithetho yejacquard evila, esichazwe ngenhla, ifaka isicelo. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola ukuxuba okumangalisa, lapho imibala emibili yemigqa emibili ihlukile. Ukuhlobisa okunjalo kufaneleka i-sweater, i-waistcoat, i-mittens, izinkamba zamasokisi neminye imikhiqizo.

Incazelo knitting pattern

Isinyathelo 1-st . Sakhetha izikhiya futhi sizobeka uchungechunge ngentambo yenye yemibala ekhethiwe. Inombolo yamalokithi kufanele ibe yi-multiple of six plus loops amabili enqenqemeni. Sizoba namalokhi angu-20. Ngeke sicabange lo mhlu kumaphethini, kuyadingeka ngesisekelo.

Isinyathelo 2-n . Siphinde senze iphethini. Emgqeni wokuqala sithatha uhlamvu lombala ohlukile.

1. Okokuqala, faka i-loop enqenqemeni, ususe kuphela ekukhulumeni, futhi okulandelayo sibonce intambo entsha. Kulomugqa, siqala ukudala iphethini ngokwayo, lapho thina shintsha khona futhi sisuse izikhiye, ngokusho kohlelo nencazelo. Siphakamisa izingodo ezimbili zobuso (for symmetry of the pattern), bese siphinda le nhlanganisela: eyodwa - sisusa, emihlanu - sihlanganisa ubuso. Esikhathini sesampula sethu kuzoba nokuphindaphinda okunjalo okulandelayo, emva kwalokho loop uthathwe futhi ubuso abathathu kwenziwa futhi. Umugqa uphela nge-loop loop.
2. Umugqa wesibili uboshwe ngentambo efanayo ehlangothini oluphambene, kuyilapho loops esusiwe - sisusa, futhi okunye esikuhlanganisayo njenge-purl. Yiyo yonke indlela ngisho nemigqa ezokwenziwa emsebenzini wethu, ngakho-ke ayibonakaliswa kumdwebo.
3. Umugqa wesithathu uqala nge-loop enqenqemeni, ke-eyodwa kanye neyeyodwa isuswe isisindo. Okulandelayo, inhlanganisela yokuphindaphinda: ubuso obuso, ukususwa, ubuso, kususwe. Silahla izikhathi eziningana. Ekupheleni kochungechunge kukhona ubuso obusithathu futhi bususwe. Siqedile nge-loop loop.
4. Umugqa wesine uhlanganisiwe, njengawo wonke ama-purlins.
5. Emgqeni wesihlanu, ngemuva kwe-loop emaphethelweni, ukulingana okungama-4, bese kuthi, njengokwesigcawu sokuqala, ukushintshaniswa kwesinye esisusiwe nesibuso ezinhlanu kuphindaphindiwe. Ekupheleni kwesampula sethu esisodwa kanye nesbuso esisodwa sinamathele, futhi emva kwazo - kunqenqemeni.
6. Umugqa wesithupha yi-purl.
7. Ngemuva kokungenwa kokuqala, ukukhishwa, ukukhishwa, ubuso, ukususwa, futhi ukuhlanganiswa okuphindaphindiwe (njengokwesigatshaneni sesithathu) ebusweni obusithathu, kususwe, ubuso, kususwe. Ekupheleni komugqa, amaphethelo amabili angaphambili nangokuphela athunyiwe.
8. Umugqa wesishiyagalombili uboshwe ngesikhwama futhi ususwe iphethini.
9. Umgqa wesishiyagalolunye emva kokungena kwe-edge loop ngokushesha uqala ukuphinda ukuhlanganisa inhlanganisela eyodwa esusiwe kanye nobuso obuyisihlanu. Siqedela ibhulogi elingenhla.
10. Emgqeni weshumi siboshwe, njengama-purlins.
11. Umugqa weshumi nanye uqala u-edge loop futhi emva kwalokho kuyinhlanganisela ephindaphindiwe (njengokwesigatshaneni sesithathu) kwezingodo ezintathu zokubukeka, ezisuswe, ezikhishiwe futhi ezikhishiwe. Umugqa uphela nge-loop yomngcele.
12. Umgqa weshumi nambili uyisihluthulelo.

Isinyathelo 3-rd . Phinda iphethini inombolo edingekayo yezikhathi, uhlanganisa ngokunye ukusuka kokuqala ukuya emgqeni we-12.

Ngisho noma, ngemuva kokuchazwa okuningiliziwe, kunemibuzo mayelana nokubopha le jacquard enobuhle, amacebo kufanele enze ukucaca kokugcina. Ngezansi sinomdwebo lapho amangqamuzana emibala emibili ekhomba imigqa yokubopha. I-cell engenalutho ichaza i-front evamile, futhi iseli ene-J sibonisa ukuthi i-loop idinga ukususwa. Imigqa engalungile ayimakwe eshadini, ngoba, njengoba sishilo ngenhla, ihlanganiswe ngentambo efanayo engxenyeni engafanele, ngokusho iphethini: izitshalo ezisusiwe zisusiwe, kanti ezinye ziboshwe.

Amajaji ahlambalaza - amahle, alula futhi asebenzayo

Ukuzijwayela kwamaphethini anjalo ngokuvamile kusebenzisa izinsalela zezintambo, ungase uhlangane nomucu, owawuncibilike ngendwangu, owaqedwa. Lokhu ngeke kuthinte izinga lomsebenzi. Amajacquards ahlambalaza afihle ngokukhethekile amaphutha endlu kanye nokungazi kahle kwenkosi.