Impi izinduna kwekhulu le-15

Eziningi zalezi zenzakalo zomlando eRussia ngekhulu elidlule, waba elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni wayo. Omunye wabo kwakungu-impi izinduna, oqubuke e ekhulwini XIV futhi baqhubeka esikhathini kusuka 1433 kuya ku-1953. ibangelwa main kwaba ukuhlukumeza owawukhona ngesikhathi ilungelo ifa sesihlalo sobukhosi kumfowabo kumfowabo, futhi kamuva entsha - kusuka ubaba endodaneni.

Le nkathi yomlando besihambisana nesiminyaminya kumiswa ezibonakalayo eziningana ensimini we ubukhulu eMoscow. Awase kubantwana bakwa-DM. Don. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke Ukwakheka ethize yayikade ibuswa Yuri Dmitrievich. Kwakuwusuku Zvenigorod futhi Galicia. Izingxabano ngokuba isihlalo sobukhosi ngaleso sikhathi safinyelela ngezinga elikhulu, ngoba lokho babizwa ngokuthi "impi amakhosi asendulo."

Kwaba isiqalo impikiswano yefa, owawungumnyaka ukuya amajaji ngemva kokufa umfowabo omdala yakhe Basil mina-th, kodwa lokhu akwenzekanga. Throne lidlule ngentando indodana iminyaka eyishumi Basil mina-st. Njengoba ngiyizibulo ekhaya, Yuri wazama ukumenza ukuba sithembele nemithetho eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi sobukhosi. Kungenxa yokuthi lokhu futhi uqale impi izinduna, okuyinto yafinyelela izithakazelo ungumalume umshana Vasily II-th. Ngokushesha ngemva kokufa ukuqala ukulwa Yuri Dmitrievich, futhi kuqala impi eqhubeka namadodana akhe: Dmitri Shemyaka futhi Basil skew.

Impi livele umlingisi emzabalazweni, lapho kukhona abasekeli kanye nezitha yinye isimo. impi izinduna kuleyo minyaka kwaba nesihluku futhi ngokupheleleyo ayekethise. Ngokuhamba yayo ungasebenzisi noma yiziphi izindlela. Bona eceba, ukukopela ngisho ngokweqile. Basil II-lokubhekana baphuphuthekiswe izitha zakhe, futhi kamuva wethiwa Vasiliy Temny. Lokhu impi iphela nge ukunqoba kwakhe, lapho eba Grand Prince eMoscow waqala ukubusa izwe ezikhathini ezinzima wombango izimpi fratricidal.

impi izinduna eRussia lezwakala eside, futhi umphumela engamashumi amabili emzabalazweni okuqhubekayo kwaba ukubhujiswa ezinzima futhi lube buthaka enkulu ikhono ukuvikela izwe lonke Russian. Umphumela, yebo, abe elilimaza nakakhulu kuphangwa zidlamlilo khans. Kwaba nesikhathi kumiswa ematheni kokubusa kwesikhulu kanye nekusungula ifa okucacile sobukhosi. Kwatholakala ukuthi kwadingeka asuse kuphela kusuka ubaba endodaneni.

izimbangela ezihlobene, ngenxa lapho impi izinduna Kwagqashuka Russia ngesikhathi ukuqinisa kuwukuphikisana ukuthi zibe phakathi noMbusi wababusi izindlela ezihlobene izinhlobo yinye isimo. Le mpi kwenzeke isikhathi esinzima ezweni: ngokumelene Tatar kuphangwa kanye ukunwetshwa Duchy of Lithuania, ukuhlanganiswa kwezomnotho nakwezombusazwe nezinkulu (eMoscow, Ryazan, Tver) kanye ezincane (Mozhayskoe, Galician, Zvenigorodskoe) principalities.

Ngaleso sikhathi, kuba kwaqina umzabalazo bendawo futhi abalimi ngokumelene boyars, inkonzo kwesikhulu kanye zasebukhosini. impi izinduna kwekhulu le-15 ilethe izinguquko. Ekupheleni kuka-ke kwathiwa iqedwe iningi principalities elincane bebayincenye le ubukhulu eMoscow, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuqinisa amandla Grand Duke.

Uma ucabangela kabanzi inkambo lo mcimbi, ungakwazi ukulandelela izikhathi zalo eziphawuleka kakhulu. Lesi senzakalo juqu kakhulu esenzeka 1433-34 biennium. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Yuri uye waphumelela, ohlangothini lwakhe awasekelwe yiwo iningi izinduna, ngenxa angakwazi ukuvikela eMoscow velikoknyazhy sobukhosi.

On esigabeni eyinhloko empini izinduna kwekhulu le-15 usephendukele ngaphesheya ubukhulu futhi liye lasakazekela ezifundeni enkabeni nasenyakatho. Isigaba sesithathu imisebenzi lempi Basil II-nd yaphela behluliwe, umphumela ukuthi lathunjwa ngesihluku akhishwe amehlo, bese badingiselwa Uglich. Le nkathi imakwe sevukelombuso ezisemadolobheni, ukubalekela abalimi amakhosi asendulo. Ngalesi sikhathi amandla kwaba Shemyaka, kodwa 1446 waxoshwa eMoscow, bese ebusa futhi sekudlule ezandleni Basil II-nd.