Imisebenzi yengqondo Ephakeme, nesenzakalo yabo nokubaluleka

On kufundza imisebenti engqondo ephakeme, ososayensi namanje baphathwe izigaba sokuqala ekubeni isayensi. Kodwa okokuqala lo mqondo isetshenziswa amagama esayensi, isazi sezifo zengqondo ovelele wezwe elaliyiSoviet Union LS Vygotsky kule mpikiswano yesayensi ne engumFulentshi Jean Piaget ku Ezinye zezindawo ezibekwe eqhulwini nokuthuthuka komuntu.

Umqondo imisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme ibonisa iqoqo eziyinkimbinkimbi imihlola engqondo futhi izinqubo, okuyinto kunqunywa izici psychophysical kanye nomphakathi, futhi avela kuphela njengoba emphakathini. Kuyinto lokhu kubonakaliswa kuyoboniswa nguMbusi asymmetry kulezi zinkanyezi ngenxa ukugeleza yabo kungenzeka ngaphandle kokubonisana nomkayo. Kusolakala Vygotsky, izinqubo engokwengqondo yomuntu kuyimithombo ezimbili eziyinhloko of genesis yayo. Ezinye zazo zinqunywa ufuzo, okuyinto akhiwa abonakalisa izizukulwane ngezizukulwane. nezinye genesis kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kwethonya izici zezenhlalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwemisebenzi yezenhlalakahle iwukuba "Bokuhlela" yokufana kwezakhi ngakhoke wonke eziyinkimbinkimbi zabo, okuyinto imisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme, kuwumphumela ende inqubo kwezenhlalo kanye zomlando ukuthuthukiswa.

Omunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu imibono engokwengqondo inkulumo yomuntu. Lesi sici sivumela hhayi kuphela ukuxhumana kwabantu, kodwa futhi kunikeza wonke umphakathi, njengoba uhlelo, isici zako ezisemqoka - sociality. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-sociality mediates ekuqalisweni kwalezi imisebenzi senzo. Phakathi imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ngokwengqondo futhi zihlanganisa bezibona, inkumbulo futhi ukucabanga.

Ukuthunyelwa Process imisebenzi - ngempela into eyinkimbinkimbi kuhlanganisa eziningi izigaba ezilandelanayo. Ziyakwazi kuqhathaniswa ezizimele, futhi ngamunye inqubo ehlukile engqondo nomsebenzi.

Isigaba sokuqala kwenzeka interpsihologizatsiya, isb ukuxhumana okulula phakathi kwabantu. Bese kuba khona intrapsihologizatsiya - into okuyinto ephawula ukuqwashisa abantu imisebenzi yayo ziqondiswe imvelo bangaphandle. Bese kufika internalization - izici zangaphandle ukuthi sokulamula umsebenzi womuntu futhi iguqulwe ibe yangaphakathi. Nokho, Internalization kwenza eminye imisebenzi womuntu e isixhobo othomathikhi motor izenzo, amakhono, eziningi zazo uzibophezele bengazi, ngokuba, kuyisenzo ngempela ebalulekile emphakathini. Isibonelo salokhu inqubo kungaba, isibonelo, inqubo yokufunda uwutho umuntu, onolwazi ezinye ngokuhamba ukuphindaphinda zawo esezivamile practice kancane kancane iguqula wabayisa amakhono.

Inkinga enkulu wukuthi imisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme ezenzeka ekuphileni kwabantu kwemihla ngemihla. Okuvamile nezingokwengqondo ukuzithiba kuhloswe hhayi kuphela ukulungiswa yezenhlalakahle yokuziphatha kwabantu, kodwa useyiphayona umsebenzi zengqondo ezinkudlwana kunabantu, eqinisweni, ngenxa umehluko phakathi komuntu kanye nezinye izinhlobo. Uma ucabangela kuba kulo mongo, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi umsebenzi ukuzithiba ezingeni ingqondo, ukuhlinzeka lithathelwe obunobunye zomzimba womuntu wonke izinguquko ashukumisayo ku yangaphandle zemvelo nezenhlalo imvelo. Kuyinqubo yokulungiswa uthi ezingokwengqondo nezingokomzwelo, okuyinto luyasetshenziswa ngokudalula umuntu uqobo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Zingase zibekwe amazwi (inkulumo), ukubhekisela nganoma iyiphi indlela, inkumbulo, ukulawula isimo somzimba umzimba. Kuyinto esetshenziswa kabanzi futhi eyaziwayo zonke emasu lafana ubuthongo, ukuhleka, izinkumbulo ezimnandi, okwashiwo nemvelo, ukuphumula, elula, kanye nabanye.

Ochwepheshe abahlola imisebenzi ephakeme engqondo kanye nesimo ukuqaliswa yabo, abathi umuntu bahileleke ukulawulwa uthi ngokomzwelo ndlela iphumelela kakhulu ngenqubo komphakathi, lithathelwe yayo ivumelane ukuba izimo ezishintshayo we isimo senhlalo.

Indima le misebenzi ayikwazi overestimated ezimpilweni zabantu. Baletha nathi ulwazi, amakhono, unikeze ukufakwa evamile e izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi nabantu emphakathini, ugcwele emphakathini wanamuhla.