Imisebenzi ye-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ngokuvumelana soMthethosisekelo: isici, amazwana

Ngokuhambisana indlela lomthethosisekelo empilweni ezweni lethu, iPhalamende neyaziwayo Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Imisebenzi yaleli isimo umzimba ebalulekile bafanelwe analysis eningiliziwe, ozokusiza ukuqonda izici nokushiyeka kazwelonke inqubo zomthetho.

Isikole samabanga aphezulu wesiShayamthetho

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi weSigungu Federal kusho ngokwahlukana umzimba emakamelweni amabili - State Duma kanye Federation Council. Chaza lo mkhuba kwePhalamende bicameral e okumbalwa ezinkulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isiqinisekiso intando yeningi njengoba omunye nezimiso eziyisisekelo ngokomthethosisekelo eRussia iqiniso lokuthi omunye kwamakamelo ibonisa ngqo izithakazelo zokwakheka zokuphatha-indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwamukelwa kanye ukushicilelwa umthetho ophasiswe ezingeni elingcono ngenxa ingxoxo obuphelele kwamakamelo ababili abasebenzayo. Kulokhu, abahlaziyi bezombusazwe wazi ukuthi umsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation enezinto eziningi nemiphumela ethile engathandeki, ezifaka hlangana ukuhlahluba okusithiyayo yenqubo umthetho, lo conservatism obusayo kakade futhi ama ukuzibamba kuwo. Akufanele sibakhohlwe mayelana ukungalandelani nokungezwani phakathi amalungu ephalamende, kubangelwa ukuhilizisana njalo futhi izingxabano.

Ukuxhumana kwamakamelo ezimbili

Naphezu kobunzima babantu base ekutholeni isimo kanye nokuvumelana zomthetho ukukhuluma mayelana predominance egumbini elilodwa phezu kwezinye, imakwe kwakuwukuthi komunye nomunye futhi kuyoba okungalungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-simiso ukwahlukaniswa kwamandla ePhalamende Russian kubhekwe iyonke. I Federation Council kanye State Duma baye balinganisele vzaimnokompensiruyuschimi imisebenzi kanye namandla. I-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation - yilona hlaka eziyisisekelo isimo liyisici esisemqoka mshini zokubusa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, Duma Federation Council futhi ezimweni eziningi nihlanganyele. Joint Ukusebenza Chamber ukuvikela umbonwabo ezimpikiswaneni ngokuphathelene division of amandla. Ukuba seduze nokubambisana, basuke bahileleke ukwakheka zombuso ephakeme (isib, Central Ukhetho Commission, iChamber nabanye.). Kulokhu, imisebenzi yansuku zonke amalungu kokubili emakamelweni senzeka todvwa komunye nomunye. Isigaba esifanele soMthethosisekelo WaseRussia Ezimweni ezimbalwa ezibekwe uMbuso Duma kanye Federation Council siyoba ngaphansi ehlangene ukuzwa isigijimi uMongameli Russian zokutusa, isinqumo eNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo, kanye izinkulumo ezisemthethweni izinhloko uthi angaphandle.

Umzimba ummeleli we amandla isimo

Nokho kukhona izindawo ezimbalwa Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation kanye nokwenza imisebenzi yayo. I-Action Plan kungenziwa ukwethula kafushane izinhloso ezintathu ezisemqoka, ukuqaliswa okuyinto athweswe Chamber of iPhalamende Russian:

• ummeleli;
• zomthetho;
• isilawuli.

Yisiphi isiqondiso umsebenzi wabo senzelwe inkululeko kwabantu, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba khona izinhlelo yeningi esimweni. imisebenzi olubonisa Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ziyasetshenziswa kusetjentiswa tindlela tavelonkhe, ogama njongo iwukuba Inkulumo lokuzikhethela kanye nezifiso izakhamuzi. Lokhu ekugcineni ivumela ukuhlonza esifike izidingo imibuthano yomphakathi, unikezwa ubuhlobo ubudlelwane sikahulumeni. Ngalezi amandla, uMbuso Duma kanye Federation Council ukuqinisekisa ukuthula inguqulelo engenalo udlame kwamandla komunye iqoqo ngabakhulumeli abakhethwe ngumphakathi kwenye, egxile entandweni uzwakalise ngokukhululekile abavoti Russian.

Igunya baphiwa abantu: abameleli kwezomthetho usiyala

By endleleni, kunoma yiliphi izwe kuyinto iPhalamende ecelwa ukuba bamele izimfuno wonke abantu. ERussia, lo mgwamanda amandla kuphela omkhulu phakathi izikhungo, okuyinto Unelungelo yakha izakhamuzi lokhonako ukwazi, isb. E. labantu wezwe lakithi. Kulesi sici kakhulu kungokwalabo nomqondo igunya, okuyinto, empeleni, ilungelo ayinika abameleli elisanda kuqokwa we anhlobonhlobo amandla wokubusa ngentando yeningi labantu. Ngakho, ephalamende omele - impahla, kokuqagela neminye imisebenzi ebalulekile.

Impendulo ukuxhumana abavoti

Uma sicabangela imisebenzi Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation ngokuhambisana uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation, kulula ukuphetha ngokuthi umfanekiso emzimbeni nejoka amasekela uzwakalise kaningi ukuba ukuxhumana ngqo labavoti. abavoti Abazama nakho nesithakazelo ukuletha inothi ukukhetha kwabantu izinkinga zenhlalo. Through the kwesokudla ngokusuka zomthetho iPhalamende uyakwazi sibonakalise umsebenzi wabo ezibaluleke sabantu, kuphikisana iziqondiso. Isibonelo kungaba amasekela isikhundla ezindabeni ngezihloko ezihlukene, kanye imibono letihlelekile naletingakahleleki ukuhlolwa abasephalamende ku izenzakalo ezithile ekuphileni nomphakathi isimo.

ekwakhiweni kwemithetho

Kwamandla Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation futhi umsebenzi waso ngokulandela izithakazelo zabantu ngokushelela lulandela kwesokudla ngokusuka zomthetho. Ithuba ukuthi ine umzimba collegial, iyona enkulu kunazo zonke futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Njengoba kwakhiwa ingxenye umsebenzi zomthetho is, zonke kweluhlelo lwahulumende ngalokuyimphumelelo-zomthetho eqinisekisa ukulawulwa ngokugcwele nobudlelwane bokuhlalisana kuwo wonke amazinga. Zomthetho nezokulawula nezimfuneko ukuhlanganisa iyona nokulungiselela Ukwamukelwa imibhalo eshiwo uMthetho-sisekelo we Russian Federation. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuyakuba bathathe isinyathelo zomthetho, isidingo okuyinto ngenxa ijubane ukuthuthukiswa ubudlelwane zomphakathi kule mboni.

zokulawula nohlaka olubhekele zomthetho

Chaza umsebenzi wezomthetho Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (ngokuvumelana uMthethosisekelo ngempela ephethwe yiPhalamende), kwaba efanele ukuba ngakho:

• Kwakusho ukuba asungule bese ukuqinisekisa umthetho;
• It bavunyelwe nokudlanga amadokhumenti omthetho ishicilelwe ngokwezifiso, amacala angaphambili abonisa;
• It kulindeleke ukugxila ukubambisana, wokuxhumanisa Union nokubambisana kwamanye amagatsha kwamandla;
• kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza isimo futhi ukuhleleka emphakathini;
• setha uhlala lomthetho ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa ngcono kwe-apharathasi zokuphatha.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba aqhube ukuhlaziywa egcwele imisebenzi umthetho Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, ngaphandle impumelelo kule mboni. Iphuzu elibalulekile Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ingxenye eyinhloko lomthetho sisebenza kuleli State, evunywe izishaya isikhathi esifushane khona we Russian Federation njengoba geqe. Amalungu ePhalamende zishicilelwe amakhulu imithetho elawula ubuhlobo lamanani yombuso kanye nezomphakathi.

Imibhalo ehambisana lonke isimo

Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Federal Assembly of Russian netinyatselo ngekwemtsetfo umsebenzi lwenteke ngokugcwele. Iphalamende ngowokuqala lichibiyele futhi anezele amalungiselelo ngokuphathelene ukusebenza kwezobulungiswa, iNkantolo Yomthetho-Russian Federation Uhulumeni yoMthethosisekelo. Lezi zichibiyelo futhi ziqondiswe isimo Ombudsman sika ku Russian Federation, imithetho referendums kukhethwe ethandwa, inqubo ukuchibiyela uMthethosisekelo Russian Federation. Akunakwenzeka ukuba sikhumbule futhi ukulungiswa eziningi imithetho eyabekwa ezithinta izici ezibalulekile umsebenzi kuhulumeni kanye nomphakathi. Phakathi amakhodi kubaluleke kakhulu babe Civil, Criminal, Umkhaya, Arbitration Inqubo.

I yokuntula of ukuqaliswa umsebenzi zomthetho

Nokho, izindlela ekusebenziseni amandla umthetho-okwenza we State Duma kanye imisebenti ngekwemtsetfo loMkhandlu Federation of Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation awaphelele futhi benezingane eziningi izici ezingezinhle. Ubunzima futhi umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinto zombili emakamelweni omele ngokuphindiwe sibonile kusondela ngokudalwa lomthetho jikelele kanye nokuthuthukiswa komthetho omusha. Ukuxazulula izinkinga kubalulekile ukwakha imisebenzi eyinhloko obekungathuthukisa ukubambisana kwazo zonke amandla izakhiwo isimo enqubeni yezinhlelo zokwenziwa kwemithetho. Ukunqoba isipiliyoni engakhi ekwenzeni imisebenzi zomthetho Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation kutawufaka sandla intuthuko uhlu amandla ephalamende ngokuhamba ekuthuthukiseni izinga lapho kwemukelwa izenzo zomthetho kanye ukulungiswa kwemibhalo ekhona.

Asho ukulawula ePhalamende?

amandla Supervisory iSigele kanye State Duma singachazwa ngokuthi ilungelo labantu ukuqapha umsebenzi imikhakha kahulumeni ukwenza ngalo unikezé igunya. Esimisweni yelinyenti umphakathi, lokhu simiso siyinhloko, ngakho akufanele kube ngaphandle qapha, akukho imfundo emphakathini. Ngenxa yalokho, iPhalamende Federal njengoba umzimba omele akhethwe ngabantu, enezinto eziningi amandla okugada, kodwa ezinye ukulinganiselwa. Izibonelo ukusebenza kwalesi umsebenzi:

• ukuzwa imibiko uHulumeni ukuqaliswa isabelomali;
• Iphini elisebenza ngolwazi isimo isicelo noma isiphi isakhiwo ezidinga impendulo ngokushesha;
• ukwamukelwa candidates for the post ohambweni zokubonisana kanye nabamele Russian Federation emazweni angaphandle.

Ukulawula Federal Assembly of imisebenzi sikaMongameli

ukunakekela okukhethekile unikezwa ithuba ukususa uMongameli esikhundleni yi-Federation Council, uma amacala phambili yi-Duma State, ukuze bayavukela felony ikhanda yezwe. Kulokhu, isinqumo Chamber sika kuyothathwa yokutholwa ukuvota ngokukhethekile (okungenani izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu lonke inani ababambiqhaza ngamunye umzimba collegial). Inqubo ukususwa lufanele lwenteke kulamazinga lalandzelako esikhathini sezinyanga ezintathu kusukela ngosuku kulethwa State Duma kaMongameli amacala.

Esikalini wePhalamende imisebenzi

Ngokuthakazelisayo, i-Institute for the Ukulawula Federal Assembly soMthethosisekelo uye ayitholakalanga egomela oqondile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo namazinga eziningi igcizelele semthethweni kwegunya elivela kulesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni embalwa edlule imisebenzi ukulawula Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation kungokoqobo izinguquko ezinkulu, okuyinto sihlose ukufihla izandiso ezingaba wePhalamende enamandla. Ubufakazi okungenhla izifundiso eziyimiyalo ahlukene ngokucacile ukusungula isidingo ukulawula ePhalamende phezu imisebenzi emizimbeni federal ngaphakathi ngokuhambisana amandla ezibekwe Uhlaka lomthethosisekelo. Ngokwesibonelo, imisebenzi ukulawula Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation zisebenze angaphandle intelligence ejensi, uhlelo zezokuvikela. Lo mkhuba maqondana ukuhlanganisa nokwanda ngevolumu amandla ePhalamende kusobala.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isifiso sokuzigcina amandla amakhono angeziwe we State Duma kanye Senate ukudalwa ezibambe wezomthetho ukulawula yabo phezu imisebenzi ejensi kahulumeni busekelwe kwamaSoviet. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, kuleli ephalamende RSFSR wayenikwe amandla ukulawula kokubili imisebenzi yeminyango emaphakathi futhi umsebenzi abameleli ngazinye ngqongqotshe, ukwenza izicelo ukunqunywa isigwebo sokuba iziphathimandla kanye nabanye. Futhi namhlanje, ukuqaliswa imisebenzi esemqoka ye-Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (omele, yokushaya imithetho nokulawula), kunomthelela izinkinga zomphakathi kanye sezombangazwe sembulunga yonke.