Iyunithi ekhethekile "Alpha". Ukulwa nobuphekula imisebenzi ekhethekile. Abalawuli. Umlando

Akukho muntu eSoviet Union nasezindaweni zeRussia zanamuhla, ezingenakwazi ukuqonda i-unit ekhethekile "Alpha". Mayelana nama-fighters alo mdwebo, kukhona okucacile futhi akuyona indaba kakhulu. Bathi baqeda izibhamu, babe nekhono lokulwa okungenakuxhumana , bahlale kunoma yiziphi izimo nokunye okuningi. Lokhu kuyinto efana nama-superhero aseRussia.

Iyunithi ekhethekile "Alpha" iyiphupho eliqhakazile lomfana wesibili. Yikuphi ngempela amandla akhethekile, asikwazi ukuthola, kodwa kukhona ulwazi olutholakalayo oluya esithombeni esihle.

Umlando wendalo

Okungenani kabili emlandweni waseRussia kwaqala i-KGB. Sonke siyamazi, futhi owokuqala kwakungu Yu. Andropov. Ngokuhleleka kwakhe kanye nokuzikhandla kwekhanda loMqondisi Wesikhombisa we-KGB, Jikelele A. Beschastny, ngoJulayi 29, 1974, i-Alpha Group yasungulwa. I-spetsnaz ekuqaleni yayibizwa nje ngokuthi "A" iqembu lenkonzo ye-MTO ye-7th KGB Directorate. Kubani umqondo wegama elinjalo elihambelanayo ofikile, kakade awusaziwa, kodwa ngo-1991 ukwakheka kwaqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-Alpha".

Umsebenzi oyinhloko kuleli qembu kwakuyisivivinyo sokulwa nobuphekula, ukukhululwa kwabathunjwa, izimoto, izakhiwo, izindawo ezihlala endaweni yase-USSR nakwamanye amazwe. Ekuqaleni, kwakukhona ama-fighters angu-40, kodwa isibalo sawo sasilokhu sakhula, futhi ukuwa kweNyunyana, i-Alfa kakade inezikhulu ezingu-500 ezinamagatsha emadolobheni ahlukahlukene, njengeMoscow, iYekaterinburg, i-Alma-Ata, iKiev, iMinsk, iKrasnodar, iKhabarovsk. Izingxenye eziye zavela phesheya kwaba yisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwamaqembu ahlukene azwelonke ahlukene, njenge-Ukraine, Kazakhstan naseBelarus.

Ngo-1991, ngenkathi kuqhutshwa umbhikisho eMoscow, i-unit ekhethekile "Alpha" yaba isikhalazo sabaphikisi be-White House. Amasosha ayesaba yizikhulu ezikhethekile, kulindeleke. Kodwa-ke, amaphoyisa ayenqaba ukuhlanganyela kulokhu kuhlaselwa. Ngeshwa, V.V. Ngo-1998, uPutin wakhipha umyalo wokuhlela kabusha amandla akhethekile e-Alfa, hhayi kuphela iqembu "A", kodwa futhi "B" - "Vimbel". Amashayithi, ama-Staffs, ukuphathwa kanye nokusekelwa ahlakazekile. Amaqembu ezokulwa aletwa esikhungweni se-Antiterrorist. Ezwa ngalokhu, abameleli base-US bafika eRussia ukunikeza ochwepheshe bekhwalithi eliphezulu. Ngokusho kwemithombo esemthethweni, akekho owamaphoyisa owashiya - banquma ukuthi bazoyithola umsebenzi ezweni lakubo.

Okwamanje, i-Office A ihlanganisa indlunkulu, iminyango emihlanu, enye yayo e-Chechnya, kanye nezinyunithi zesifunda kanye nezinsizakalo.

Iqembu "A" nelithi "B"

Uma i-unit ekhethekile "i-Alpha" yiqembu "A", ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuthi kunezinye. Uhlu lwesibili oludumile kakhulu lwamandla akhethekile yiqembu "B", noma "i-Vympel". Izinhloso zalezi zakhiwo ezimbili zihlangene kakhulu. Kunezikhulu ezikhonza bobabili nalapho. Kwakukhona imisebenzi ehlangene, isibonelo, ukuqhuma kwesigodlo sika-Amin - ngakho kwakuyiqembu elithi "Zenith". Akuzange kudlule isikhathi eside kangaka. "Zenith" no "Cascade" ngo-Agasti 19, 1981 babumbene eqenjini elithi "B" (elibizwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi iCarf Training Training Centre ye-KGB yase-USSR).

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we- "Vympel" kwakuwukuba kuhlonishwe endaweni yesitha, imisebenzi yokuhlaselwa, ukulwa namaphekula. Ngesikhathi sokuthula, amasosha ahlola ukulondeka kwezinto ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile zombuso wabo, enze ukuhlaselwa okunemibandela, ukuze angalahlekelwa iziqu futhi agcine ukuvikelwa kwezinto ngezwi.

Amasosha ahlanganyela empini yezempi eBaku, Yerevan, Karabakh, Abkhazia, Nakhichevan, Chechnya, Transnistria, eMoscow.

Imisebenzi eyaziwayo

Omunye wemisebenzi yokuqala kwakuwukuthutha ngo-1976 weVisdimir Bukovsky owayengumholi weSoviet eSwitzerland nokushintshanisa kwakhe uL. Corvalan. Naphezu kwesimo sezinzwa, konke kwahamba kahle.

Umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu, ngemuva kwalokho iqembu le-Alfa laqala ukwesaba, kwaba ukuqhuma kwesigodlo sase-Amin e-Afghanistan ngoDisemba 1979. Ngokusekelwa kwebutho le-paratroop, amaqembu amabili empi ekhethekile aphulwa ngaphansi komlilo osindayo ngaphakathi nokuphikisana nokucindezelwa. Naphezu kokulungiswa okuhle kwabalindi, isikhundla esisebenzayo namandla amadoda angama-250, i-unit ekhethekile u-Alfa yafeza umsebenzi wayo, elahlekelwe abantu ababili ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Banikezwe i- Order ye-Red Banner ngemuva kwesikhathi.

NgoJanuwari 1991, amabutho angena eVilnius, eyathatha isikhungo sethelevishini nombhoshongo wethelevishini. Kungakapheli amahora angama-23, ngokubonisana nohulumeni waseLithuania, abasebenzi abangu-67 be-Alfa Group bafika ngaphansi kwezikhali zangaphakathi. Kwakudingeka ukuthi bayeke ukusakaza nokuthatha izinto ngaphansi kokulawula kwabo, ngenkathi bengavumeli ukulimala kwabantu. Amasosha empi ayingqayizivele ahamba phakathi kwesixuku ngosizo lwama-butts, ingxenye eyimbi kakhulu yayingaphambi kwesakhiwo. Leli qembu lalihlelekile, futhi lavulwa umlilo. Omunye wesixuku naye waqala ukudubula. Ngenxa yalokho, omunye wabasebenzi wadutshulwa ngemuva. Izibhamu azikwazanga ukumisa amandla akhethekile. Abaqaphi babedlwenguliwe, futhi umsebenzi womphakathi wamiswa.

Phakathi nezimpikiswano eMoscow ngo-1991, amabutho akhethekile ayenqaba ukuhlanganyela ekuqothulweni kwe-White House. Abavukuzi bazama ukungangqubuzana nezenzakalo ezinjalo, lapho amabutho ngaphakathi ezweni elwa namandla. Usizo lwabo lwaludingeka kuphela ekuxoxweni. Uma kukhona ithuba lokuxazulula leli cala ngaphandle kwezisulu, kudingeka uhambe ngale ndlela. Cabanga nje futhi fighters, ngoba "Alpha"!

Amandla akhethekile. Ungafika kanjani?

Ukungena e-elite combat unit akulula. Ukukhethwa kwenzeka ezinyathelweni eziningana. Amandla akhethekile e-FSB athola abaqashiwe ezikhundleni, izigodlo kanye nama-cadet ezweni zempi. Okokuqala udinga ukuthola isincomo esivela kwisisebenzi se- "Vympel" noma "i-Alpha", noma kusukela kumdala wezinyunithi ezinjalo. Okuthandwayo kunikezwa kuma-cadet amaziko e-MVD ne-FSB.

Izithibelo

Ukuze uthole ukhetho, njengama-units unit, kukhona imikhawulo ekukhuleni. I-fighter kumele ibe ngaphezu kuka-175 cm. Ipharamitha elinjalo livele ngenxa yezici zemishini - izimoto eziqine kakhulu zokulwa zikhulu kakhulu futhi, ngokukhula okuncane, kuzohudula phansi. Bangenza okungafani uma kuphela ukufaneleka komklomelo kufakalela ukwehluleka kwakhe. Isibonelo, ekhoneni elikhethekile elithi "Alpha" lingathola ama-fighters amancane aguquguqukayo, angakwazi ukukhuphuka emaqotsheni amancane futhi kunzima ukufinyelela ezindaweni.

Umkhawulo wesibili ubudala. Kumelwe ube ngumncane kuneminyaka engama-28 ubudala, noma ube nesipiliyoni sokulwa futhi ube yindabuko kwezinye izakhiwo ze-CSN.

Ukuhlola ngokomzimba

Lesi akusona isithiyo esikhulu kunomqhubi oqeqeshwe noma kumdlali omuhle. Eqenjini elithi "A", izidingo ziphakeme kakhulu kune "Vimbel". Amandla akhethekile e-"Alpha" yaseRussia anikezela ukuphumula okuncane nokuthwala okungaphezulu. Ukuzivocavoca kuyinto evamile: ukudonsa, ukugijima, ucindezela, ukucindezela, ukuvivinya amandla okuncintisana nokuphambana. Ukulwa ngesandla ngezandla lapha akufani nesikhathi sokufakazelwa kwe- maroon beret. Akudingekile ukuma kuphela, kodwa futhi ukukhombisa ukuthi umi.

Ukuzivikela okungahambi kahle akuvumelekile, i-melee entsha inganika umuntu ozobhapathizwa ithuba lokusebenza. Ukulimala kungenzeka, kepha uma ukwesaba lokho, akufanelekile ukuya eyoyunithi. Ukuze uthole ukhetho kusuka kwamanye amafomu, izidingo ezengeziwe zenziwa, isibonelo, ukubhukuda nokudubula.

Ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile

Ngemuva kochungechunge lwezivivinyo zengqondo kanye ne-polygraph, ingxoxo iyenzeka ngomndeni womgcini. Kufanele bavume isevisi. Ekuqalisweni, isosha linikezwa ummese womkhiqizo, osetshenziswa yiqembu le-Alfa ekusebenzeni kwakhe. I-SWAT iqeqesha kanzima.

Wonke amasosha ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa ukufika nokuhlala ezintabeni kanye nezinye iziyalo ezikhethekile. Njengengxenye yamayunithi, lo fighter ufunda iminyaka emithathu. Kubuye kubalulekile ukuthi ukwazi ukuqonda okukhethekile ukuze ube uchwepheshe ebhizinisini lakho. Ngenxa yesimiso esinganele, akhishwe ku-unit.

"I-Alpha" yi-division ekhethekile ye-FSB, futhi ngokusho komthetho ongapheli, amasosha akhonza kuwo okungenani iminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ochwepheshe beklasi lokuqala. Abaningi baqhubeka le nkonzo ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukulahlekelwa okusemthethweni

Naphezu kokuqeqeshwa, izikhulu zeqembu lika-Alfa zibhubha ngokusebenza. Ngokusho kwedatha esemthethweni, ngomlando wokuba khona kwayo i-unit yalahlekelwa amasosha angu-16. Kubulawe ababili ngesikhathi kuqhuma isigodlo sase-Amin, omunye eVilnius wadutshulwa emuva ngemuva kwesixuku saseMoscow ngo-1993. Abesilisa abathathu baphuthuma ngokushesha ngesikhathi kusetshenzwa eBaslan.