I DC kuhlukile AC nendlela ukuguqula?

Njalo kagesi - kuba ukunyakaza izinhlayiya nge icala indlela ethile. Okungukuthi, voltage yayo noma amandla (esibonisa amagugu) bangu efanayo futhi beqondiswa nguye. Yilokho DC kuhlukile AC. Kodwa ukubheka konke ukuze.

Umlando ukuvela 'impi imisinga "

DC zamanje wayebizwa ngokuthi kukagesi ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi lavulwa ngenxa yokusabela kukagesi. UThomas Edison wazama ukudlula kanye emigqeni yokudlulisela kagesi. Nakuba inkulumo-mpikiswano uqhutshwa lososayensi ngalolu daba. Baze ithole igama 'impi imisinga ". Kwakuyisikhathi umbuzo yokukhetha njengoba nje nengaphakathi AC noma i-DC. "Ukulwa" waba iwine ukubukwa obuhlukahlukene njengoba amabhere unomphela balahlekelwa kakhulu, adluliselwa kude. Kodwa uguqule umbono variable akukho nobunzima, yilokho DC kuhlukile AC. Ngakho-ke, lona wamuva kalula uthumele ngisho olude.

Imithombo ngqo kagesi

Imithombo kungaba amabhethri noma kwamanye amadivaysi, lapho kwenzeka ukusabela zamakhemikhali.

Lokhu generator, lapho umphumela lokungeniswa kagesi, bese kuyalungiswa ngezithukuthuku ngalendoda.

isicelo

Amadivayisi ahlukahlukene DC isetshenziswa kaningi. Ukuze usebenze naye, isibonelo, eziningi ekhaya Imishini, amashaja kanye nama-generator imoto. Noma iyiphi idivayisi ephathekayo inikwa amandla yi-umthombo vyrabatavayuschego unomphela.

Ngo ngezinga ezimbonini isetshenziswa izinjini namabhethri. Futhi emazweni athile, basuke eline ephezulu voltage izintambo zikagesi.

Kwezokwelapha nge njalo kagesi kwenziwe kahle.

On the ujantshi (ezokuthutha) bese usebenzisa kwenombolo, nezinhlobo njalo.

AC

Nokho, ngokuvamile, wasebenzisa igama lakhe. Lapha, kusho inani kanye voltage isikhathi okunikeziwe zero. Ubukhulu nesiqondiso ke kushintsha njalo, futhi ngezikhathi alinganayo.

Ukuze abangele kushintshana zamanje, ugesi kusetshenziswa, okuyinto eyenzeka phakathi nesikhathi lokungeniswa amandla electromotive. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa uzibuthe, ujikeleze uMbhalo (Rotor) kanye stator eyenziwe core esinqunyiwe nge emazombezombe.

Lamanje kushintshana elisetshenziswa umsakazo, ithelevishini, ucingo ngisho nezinye izinhlelo eziningi ngenxa yokuthi voltage yayo futhi ikhono ukuguqula cishe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla.

It is kabanzi embonini, kanye ukukhanyisa.

Kungaba owodwa esigabeni futhi multiphase.

Kuvele zamanje kushintshana, okuyinto buyehluka kuye umthetho sinusoidal, kuyinto isigaba esisodwa. It kuyahlukahluka kungakapheli isikhathi esithile (isikhathi) e nokubaluleka isiqondiso. AC imvamisa kuba inani lezinkathi ngomzuzwana.

Esimeni sesibili, ukuzungeza ngobukhulu lithole inguqulo ezintathu okhombisa. Lolu hlelo izifunda ezintathu ezithinta imvamisa efanayo futhi EMF udlulele e isigaba ngu-degree angu-120. Isetshenziselwa amandla kagesi izinjini, amaziko, ukukhanyisa.

ngentuthuko abaningi emkhakheni kagesi futhi isicelo kwabo okuwusizo, kanye ukuchayeka ephezulu imvamisa kushintshana isintu zamanje ukweleta usosayensi omkhulu Nikola Tesla. Kuze kube manje, hhayi yonke imisebenzi yakhe, uzalo asele aziwa.

I DC kuhlukile AC futhi siyini isendleleni esuka umthombo kumthengi?

Ngakho, kwenombolo ngokuthi zamanje ukuthi ziyahlukahluka isiqondiso nokubaluleka isikhathi esithile. Amapharamitha ukuthi kukhona ngesikhathi esifanayo unaka kuyinto nobuningi voltage. Ngo-Russian uhlelo lokwabelana ngamafayela fed kuya kagesi amanethiwekhi yasendlini kokuba voltage ka 220 V futhi imvamisa 50 Hz. AC imvamisa - isibalo izinguquko inkokhiso ecacile izinhlayiya ohlangothini yesibili. It kuvela ukuthi ngesikhathi 50 Hz, lishintsha isiqondiso nezikhathi amahlanu lokho DC kuhlukile AC.

Umthombo waso isokhethi exhumanisa ekhaya Imishini ngaphansi kwamandla ezahlukene.

Kushintshana wamanje iqala ukuhamba kwayo kusukela izitshalo amandla, lapho kukhona ugesi onamandla kusuka kulo uyaphuma nge voltage ka 220 330 kV. kuvunyelwane e transformer ezincane, okuyizinto eduze imizi, amabhizinisi kanye lonke imiklamo.

Isiteshi esincane samanje uwela ngaphansi kwamandla-10 kV. Kube it is iguqulwe ibe voltage ezintathu okhombisa of 380 V Ngezinye izikhathi le nkomba wamanje tintfo kuzuba ngqo (okuyinto ihlelwe production enamandla). Kodwa kakhulu, kwathiwa sehliselwe evamile kuzo zonke izindlu 220 V

ukuguqulwa

Kuyacaca ukuthi ezitolo esinalo AC. Kodwa ngokuvamile izinto zikagesi lidinga zokuhlala unomphela. Ngenxa yale njongo, kukhona rectifiers ekhethekile. Inqubo siqukethe lokhu okulandelayo:

• yokuxhuma kwebhuloho nge diodes ezine sinekhono kudingekile;
• ukuhlunga capacitor uxhumano noma okukhipha kusukela ibhuloho;
• uxhumano voltage nabalawuli ukunciphisa pulsations.

Ukuguqula kungathatha indawo kokubili kusuka kushintshana ukuqondisa nalokho wamanje kanye okuphambene. Kodwa mBhalo kunzima ukuze lelisu okuningi. Kudinga inverters, lapho, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kukhona ngempela eqolo.