Izinhlobo futhi izinhlobo izifundo. Letinhlobo izifundo komlando, ubuciko, ukufunda, izwe elizungezile

ngezindlela eziningi impumelelo abafundi inkositini izinto ezintsha sincike kuyo indlela ezithakazelisayo futhi unobtrusively wakhonza. Ngokuvamile basisize nguthishela ezihlukahlukene amafomu angajwayelekile tifundvo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi abafundi esikoleni sabaqalayo abanale sinesifiso esikhulu okuthile okusha futhi engavamile. Ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene baye babonisa yokufuna engaguquki elwati nemakhono, uma kwathengwa kusukela ifomu angajwayelekile ke, lapho umntwana ezithakazelisayo ngempela ukuthola ulwazi. Ukuze izifundo ezifana eminyakeni yamuva othisha aye ayisebenzisa kaningi ngokwanele, kanye namafomu angajwayelekile izifundo baye baba ahlukahlukene ukuze ukwazi kalula ukhethe ezifanele nganoma yisiphi isihloko.

Isiphi isifundo

Ngaphambi sikhuluma izifundo angajwayelekile, ngifuna ukusho ukuthi isifundo esinjalo nhlobo, imiphi imigomo it landela.

Isifundo - iyunithi eyisisekelo inqubo yemfundo esikoleni. Kwakuphakathi lezi imizuzu 45, utitjhere azethule ngokuzibuyelela njalo ukunikeza izingane ngolwazi ezicacisiwe, ukuthuthukisa amakhono athile. Ikilasi ngalinye ukhonkolo Kufanele ube nenhloso yato, okuyinto luyasetshenziswa ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge imisebenzi: ukuqeqesha, ukuthuthukisa kanye nokufundisa.

Ekugcineni, kokushiya izilaleli ingane idinga ukuqonda isihloko esithile ngokukhethekile, ufunde indlela uzulazule e imiqondo bakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingokoqobo.

amafomu eziyisisekelo

amasu Classical ikhomba zinhlobo ezilandelayo futhi izinhlobo izifundo:

1. Uthumela izinto ezintsha. Isakhiwo amakilasi simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: i actualization (iphuzu yenhlangano) ke yabakhanga izingane, umbuzo mayelana ulahlekile, ukutakula; Umlayezo isihloko nesifundo kanye imigomo udinga ukufinyelela ke; main okuyingxenye - abasebenza izinto ezintsha; lesi sifundo; debriefing izikhathi. Futhi kulezi izifundo kukhona isinyathelo sokuhlola umsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya, kodwa kungafakwa njengoba uthisha kunoma iyiphi indawo, kuye ngokuthi umqondo ekilasini.
2. Izifundo-praktimumy. La makilasi zifana ngezindlela isakhiwo kwalezo ezichazwe ngenhla, Nokho, esiteji main, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ikhokhelwa ezisebenzisekayo abafundi ngokwabo (imithetho ukuthuthukiswa, ukuxazulula izinkinga, izibonelo, umsebenzi amabalazwe, umsebenzi laboratory).
3. Systematization kanye nokuhlanganiswa lidlule. Lezi zifundo zivamise labetibambile phambi ukulawula kanye e-mgomo amakilasi. umzimba Lapha esisebenzayo nese ukuphindaphindwa isifundo komthetho kanye naletintfo ku okuzodingeka ukulawula ulwazi.
4. isilawuli Isifundo elwati nemakhono. Inhloso ngqangi yalo msebenzi onjalo - ukuhlola indlela izingane ziye zafunda impahla. Kwangathi kwenziwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: ukusebenza isilawuli, ukuhlolwa, ukusebenza zokuxilonga (eziyinkimbinkimbi) ekilasini-offset.
5. sifundo Kuhlanganiswe. On isifundo esifanayo kungaba, isibonelo, ngesikhathi esifanayo umyalezo omusha kanye nama-practical yayo nisebenzela. Futhi kuhlanganiswe ngezigaba kanye nokulawula.

amakilasi ngokwezifiso nezingane yesimanje

Okwamanje inkinga acute neqiniso lokuthi abafundi lanamuhla, ikakhulukazi abafundi esikoleni samabanga aphansi, akusiyo efana ababengaphambi zabo, futhi lokho kwakwamukeleka e nenkathi yamaSoviet, lokhu akuthathwa njalo kungaholela elamukelekile. Guys namuhla into eziyibonayo kakhulu, aba maningi lweselula, uphinde wenze uhlelo akufani.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane babe matasa. Lokhu kusebenza futhi psyche yabo. Uma umfundi kwenkathi wamaSoviet wawungakwazi kalula ahlale kwedeski imizuzu 45 ilandelana, izimfuno yesimanje imisebenzi ukushintshana okuqhubekayo, eseyintsha. Isizathu sokuba bonke iyona umphakathi ulwazi, ngoba inani ulwazi ikhuphukile ngezinye izikhathi, futhi kumelwe bafake elifanayo 45 amaminithi njengakuqala. Ngakho beveza ezifana izinhlobo ezithakazelisayo of uthisha zifundo wawubholwa, ukuze bakwazi amunca omningi ulwazi enikeza kubo GEF yesimanje. (GEF - Federal State Sikhungo Standard).

Kuyini sifundo engavamile

Siyini isigaba siko? Sonke, kokuba esikoleni, singasho ngokucacile ukuthi noma iyiphi sifundo esiteji main simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: kokuhlola umsebenzi wesikole wasekhaya, isigijimi umfundisi yiluphi ulwazi olusha ezicacisiwe, ukulungisa izinto. Lezi timphawu tesakhiwo ungahle ubuyiselwe emuva, nokho, kuzo njalo evamile siba lapho isikole sesiphumile. Amafomu non-standard of izifundo aphakanyisiwe esikhundleni ezivamile "uhlu lwezincwadi zeBhayibheli" ukusebenzisa kakhulu, isakhiwo zokudala. Ngempela, kungani ungamenzeli okulandelayo: ungabatjeli izinto ezintsha, bese ucela ezinganeni ngokwazo uthole iqiniso? Noma ungatsheli "on izinzwane zakho" ngokuphila izinqaba ephakathi, futhi ubambe uhambo oluhle lapho.

Futhi lezi zinhlobo futhi izinhlobo izifundo usungula engapheli, kungagcini kuphela imicabango nguthishela.

Amagoli izifundo ifomu angajwayelekile efanayo, njengoba Classic, ngakho ehlukahlukene ngale ndlela kungaba noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Ekuhloleni izinto ezintsha kuyoba tifundvo letilungele, hambo, ukuthatha uhambo, video tutorials. Awu ukusiza inhlabamkhosi izihloko amakilasi ihlanganiswe. Lawa mafomu Site ukuqeqeshwa okuwusizo.

Lapho thishela kumele ukuletha ulwazi izingane uhlelo oluthile, kute balungiselelwe ukuhlolwa, udinga ukukhetha zonke izinhlobo imidlalo, imincintiswano, mpikiswano, nezilingo izinhlamvu noma emlandweni.

Ngisho operation yisicefe futhi okuthakazelisayo control kungaba kwenziwe unconventionally. Okokuqala, aid ngeke lungiselela kubhala luhlaka ngale ndaba kanye nokuvikelwa kwalo okwalandela. Kungafundwa oluxube waseshashalazini lokwentiwako, izifundo, puzzle, ukucabanga.

amakilasi Kuhlanganiswe - Indiza esikhethekile uthisha lokusungula. Lezi ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo. Into esemqoka - ukucabanga futhi ukukhetha elikhulu kakhulu nobe esifundvweni lesitsite.

Izinzuzo amafomu angajwayelekile

Ngo umkhawulo wesikhathi amafomu angajwayelekile ka eziningi eziwusizo phezu classical. Okokuqala, ukudala isithakazelo okuqhubekayo ezinganeni kuya impahla wafunda. Ulwazi ukuthi izingane wathola hhayi kuphela emlonyeni uthisha, kodwa, isibonelo, ekufuneni kwabo siqu noma emilonyeni ofunda zabo cishe zikhunjulwe kangcono, kuyoba sobala kakhulu.

Okwesibili, njengoba umthetho, ukuzivocavoca ezifana ukhuthaze abafundi ukwakha, ukuthuthukisa umcabango, lokusungula, ukucabanga.

Okwesithathu, izifundo, sihluke bendabuko, avumele ukusetshenziswa inombolo enkulu imishini yezobuchwepheshe kanye tibonwa.

Othisha bavame ukukhetha uhlobo izifundo evulekile kusukela osenyameni kuyinto ababezibheka - abavumela ukuba ukubukisa indlela wakho wokudala ubungcweti, khombisa ifa sokufundisa ubuchwepheshe obehlukene. Bheka amakilasi ezifana njalo ezisizayo.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okweqile la mafomu kungaba nomkhwezeli: izingane ngokushesha ukhathele it. Ngakho-ke, izici eziningana ezinjengolwazi ungene inqubo ukuqeqeshwa kufanele akhishwa. Kungase nje yimiphi izigaba yendabuko esifundweni, isibonelo, umdlalo ngenkathi kokuhlola umsebenzi wesikole noma impikiswano ekuhloleni izinto ezintsha.

Izifundo ngesimo umdlalo

Uma sikhuluma amafomu angajwayelekile kwetifundvo amakilasi eyinhloko, lapha isikhundla ekuholeni elalihlala umdlalo. Akusiyo imfihlo ukuthi lolu hlobo umsebenzi, kuhlanganise engqondweni yethu, uhola ingane.

Enye inzuzo yokuhamba kwesikebhe izifundo ngendlela playful - ithuba isicelo yisiphi isiyalo esikoleni, nganoma isiphi yobudala. Uma abafundi abasebasha lokhu kungase kube iziteshi umdlalo-travel, imincintiswano, KVNy ke amadala, bangakwazi ushintshwa uba bafundzi beliklasi lefana netincwadzi "Brain-Ring", imidlalo ibhizinisi kanye nezinye.

Uma ukhetha ifomu elingavamile izifundo imfundo ngokomzimba, ngaleso sikhathi kuyoba futhi ukophula zonke izinhlobo imidlalo: imincintiswano, "Merry siqala"; ungahlela ngisho uhlobo Olympics hhayi kuphela ezingeni nekilasi, kodwa sicela ukudlalela isikole sonke. Ukuheha othisha abaningi ezemidlalo emkhayeni ahlele ngokuhlanganyela ukuqeqeshwa imidlalo nabazali babo.

Game izinhlobo izifundo zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo eziningana: zokuhlola (ukubuya esidlule - indima futhi Ekwenza Umlingiswa), ibhizinisi (abafundi, ngokomthetho ukutadisha into ethile engokoqobo, ngokuvamile, bezehlalakuhle nomnotho), imincintiswano (anesisekelo yokuncintisana kungaba kokubili umyalo noma cha). Kuyinto namuhla amafomu ezijwayeleke kakhulu edonsa isithakazelo esimeme esihlokweni. Ibhizinisi imidlalo asetshenziswa ukuphathwa sezikhundleni, e imidlalo zokuhlola, imincintiswano, imikhosi Awekho imikhawulo ekhethekile ngeminyaka.

Izifundo - umkhuba yomphakathi

Izingane zithanda ukubheka into ukukopisha abadala. Lokhu awasebenzi kuphela indlela umuntu aziphatha yabo, kodwa futhi zonke izinhlobo zokuphila nezimo. Ngakho-ke, sinesithakazelo esikhulu ifomu ezinjalo izifundo avumela ukuzizwa njengomuntu omdala.

Ngokwesibonelo, izingxabano. Lona fomu yimpumelelo kakhulu izifundo yomlando noma ezinye eyala social science. La makilasi ukhuthaze abafundi ukufakazela umbono wabo, ukuba bahlanganyele inkhulumomphendvulwano ezicacisiwe. Amalungiselelo kulo mcimbi kudinga lokunengi nokulungiselela. Bambalwa cela izingane ukuthi zikwazi ukuxoxa nganoma isiphi isihloko, kubalulekile ukuba ukuyihlola ngokuningiliziwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Isigaba wokulungiselela kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngemuva kwesehlakalo nakho kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ndawonye yekufundza kubo bonkhe bafundzi. Le ndlela esifundweni uqala lisetshenziswe isihlanganisi phakathi. Izinhlelo kuzoholela yokuthi izingane zifunde ukufakazela umbono wabo, mqondo, ukuxhumana ku ngesihloko esifanayo, uxabana - konke lokhu kuzokusiza ngesikhathi finals lapho ebhalela izabelo Ingxenye C humanities.

Ukukhetha izinhlobo izifundo izincwadi, ungakwazi unake ecaleni yimuphi uhlamvu. Kuyoba okufanayo mpikiswano, kodwa umbono izingane isivele zavela, kuzomele khombisa ulwazi oluhle usebenzisa umbhalo.

Izifundo kusukela ifomu umphakathi yokuxhumana

Okufanayo okungenhla amakilasi ezifana lapho bafundzi bafundza nje bangenele tinkhulumomphikiswano futhi ngokucacile yezinto ezibonakalayo kuncike ifundelwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, wakha izifundo yomlando, ezifana sabezindaba noma umbiko esithangamini ngeke kuphela ukubona ulwazi izingane ngale ndaba, kodwa kubonisa ikhono lazo zisebenzisa behumusha, izinsuku, kuhlela, nezindaba ezifanele. Ungacela ukuthatha izingane okwaxoxwa iyiphi emlandweni, ungakwazi badonsa esenzakalweni esikhethekile.

Lokhu kubandakanya izinhlobo ezinjalo ubuciko izifundo ezinhle njengoba uhambo noma inkulumo yeningi. Ungacela izingane zibe iziqondiso, ukulungiselela kusengaphambili isigijimi isithombe, uhlobo waso nesitayela ukusebenza.

izifundo art

Ikakhulukazi guys like izifundo, lapho ufuna ukuba creative. Yiqiniso, lokhu kungaba amakilasi evamile wobuciko noma MCC esihle, kodwa uma sicabanga ukuma izifundo izwe, ungakhetha uhlobo lomsebenzi njengoba ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane "Ihlathi phephandaba." Elinye iqembu izingane zidinga ukuba acelwe ukuba ulungiselele indzaba kwesitshalo noma isilwane, nezinye - nokumisa kubo bese udweba ngesimo odongeni art ephepheni.

Ukuze abonise abafundi isidingo sokulondoloza ngomnotho engokwemvelo usizo efana uhlobo lomsebenzi - kwemigomo Red Encwadi esifundeni sakhe.

Izinhlobo eziningi zezinkolelo ukufunda izifundo nazo esekelwe creative ingxenye. Ngaphezu amashabhu art lapho izingane sifanekise umkhiqizo othize, kungenzeka ukuba afeze ukuqeqeshwa lafundzisela etemibhalo. Lapho, isibonelo, izingane ngiwaqambe yabo, noma ukubhala yezinganekwane noma izinganekwane.

Izifundo-fantasy

Izifundo fantasies nazo esekelwe creative ingxenye. Basuke izimpawu yokuthi ngezenzakalo ezinjengezimpi kungelalwazi kuphela kwemigomo into (inganekwane, umlando kwemvelo, ekhonsathini), kodwa futhi kokufa komzimba okuphelele: imvunulo noma ehlotshisiwe art: ephepheni noma njengento emelela.

lezo zinhlobo izifundo esikoleni ivumela izingane hhayi kuphela ukuveza nemicabango yabo, kodwa futhi kakhulu ukuletha ndawonye iqembu zezingane, ngoba guys sisebenza izabelo ndawonye: lonke ikilasi noma emaqenjini.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo izifundo fantasies ngezihloko ezehlukene emjikelezweni esikoleni. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzi Russian Folk yezinganekwane ushukumisa izingane ukusebenza. Gxila kubo ngaphansi kwalesi simo kuyasiza ngemfanelo olukhethekile esifundweni - "magic" esibukweni. Esikhathini ingxenye eyinhloko sifundo lidlule imibuzo, okuyinto wathumela lo msebenzi ukuze ukubonakaliswa umcabango abafundi, isibonelo, isikhathi esifushane ukuveza noma iyiphi iqhawe lwasemaphusheni noma wenze saga.

Esinye isifundo isivele Ubuciko, elalinikezelwe Day Cosmonautics, onesihloko esithi "Planet Abangane". Phakathi nesifundo, idwetshwa like uhambo iplanethi ezikude, guys kuvezwa izakhamuzi zakhona - umfokazi.

Amakilasi bagxile fantasy guys zinhle futhi isihlanganisi phakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, ekuhloleni izindaba Nosov umjikelezo "Iphupho" eziteji kokungathembeki ongama isifundo okuzobe kudlalelwa imikhiqizo ikakhulukazi ozithandayo.

yokufunda project ezisekelwe

imikhakha ekhethekile izifundo osebenza ezandayo othisha, esekelwe indlela phrojekthi. Izifundo ezinjengesithi ezinhle akhuthaza abafundi ukuzijayeza, bafunda ukusebenzisa lolu lwazi ukwenza.

Lezi izifundo ukugxila ukuvezwa ungubani zengane ngayinye onomuzwa umthwalo wakhe wemfanelo kwezinye amalungu ethimba. Ngokuvamile, isigaba sehlukaniswe amaqembu amaningana ukusebenza, ngamunye onikelwa umsebenzi othize. Lokhu kungaba noma yiluphi uhlobo umsebenzi search for impendulo embuzweni othize ukuba umdwebo up emagrafu, emashadi, izimemezelo, nokunye. Phakathi umsebenzi izingane bayofunda yimuphi amaqiniso amasha, nokumisa kubo, khetha ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi bahlobise. Ngamanye amazwi, lezi zinhlobo izifundo zifundiswa ukuba zifunde.

Umsebenzi wokwakha ihlala, njengoba umthetho, yonke emnyaka wesikolo. Ngokusho ezindinganisweni zakamuva kwezemfundo kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi banikezwe inani elithile amahora isimiso sesikole okubanzi. Izifundo kusukela imisebenzi iphrojekthi ezihilela ukufunda izinto eziyisisekelo ekuhleleni, umgomo-kulungiselelwa, uthisha ilungisa kubo, kusikisela eqondisa. Basuke singafani amakilasi ejwayelekile okungenani yokuthi indima othisha kuyehla kube okungenani - ezinganeni ngokwazo ukuhlela umsebenzi, hlela izinto eziza kuqala.

Izingane akufanele nje ukwenza iphrojekthi ezithile, kodwa futhi ukuze uvikeleke phambi uthisha kanye lonke ikilasi, futhi mhlawumbe abafundi esikoleni (e Eminyakeni yamuva umkhuba izingqungquthela yesayensi ezingokoqobo enjalo ivamile kakhulu ezikoleni).

izifundo okuhlangene

Ikakhulukazi ezikhangayo abafundi ihlanganiswe amakilasi - labo ezixhunywe bezinto ezimbili nofana ezinengi lomjikelezo esikoleni. Bavumela ukwakha esitebeleni isithakazelo show ukuthi isiyalo sihlobene, zakhuthazwa ukuba zifune ulwazi.

izifundo Ifomu ihlanganiswe zahlukahlukene kakhulu emlayezweni yendabuko we material amasha kanye umkhuba olunye uvakashe, kwakha kanye imincintiswano KVNov.

Ungakwazi sihlanganise ezihlukahlukene Yiqiniso izifundo esikoleni. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

1. Imibhalo (ukufunda) kanye nomlando. Ukuze uthole izifundo esikoleni sabaqalayo ehambisana ekuhloleni imisebenzi impi. Okuningi evulekile isikhala uqimba maphakathi - uma izifundo ndlela kufanele ngokukhethekile. Iqiniso lokuthi Yiqiniso esikoleni phezu umlando emuva izincwadi Yiqiniso, ngokuvamile ngakho-ulimi uthisha nezincwadi babe ukutshela izingane mayelana nenkathi ethile. Kunganjani sihlanganise imigomo othisha? Tibonelo taletinhlobo izifundo kakhulu: "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" by Pushkin, le Cossacks e "Taras Bulba" by Gogol, "Borodino" Lermontov for esikoleni esiphakeme - Blok inkondlo "Ishumi nambili." Ekuhloleni "Impi Nokuthula" kungaba kwenziwe esifundweni okuhlangene ngesimo ekhonsathini, elalinikezelwe ibonisa izenzakalo zomlando emisebenzini ehlukahlukene, tetemibhalo, kwezobuciko, zomculo.
2. Mathematics kanye isiRashiya. kahle kakhulu ukubamba sehlo ihlanganiswe ekuhloleni isihloko "isibalo". Ifomu kungaba inqamule iziteshi, lapho umfundi ngamunye siyonikwa umsebenzi ku isiRashiya futhi izibalo.
3. Izwe elisizungezile kanye Ubuciko. Ucwaningo kwengqikithi ethi "Nezinkathi 'kungenziwa kuhlangene umfanekiso landscape in umdwebo. Izinjongo efanayo bungatholakala ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa zezwe kanye nobuchwepheshe (Labour).
4. Isibonelo Classic of ukuhlanganiswa - Training nokuphepha ukuphila. Kulokhu, ungakwazi ukwakha zangempela izimo, njengokwethembeka ehlathini. Lokhu kungaba isifundo esifundvo nobe umdlalo Workshop.
5. olunye ulimi nokuma kwezwe. Njengoba isibonelo - isifundo inqamule ulimi olukhulunywa. Liphinde ihlanganiswe kahle izincwadi olunye ulimi, umlando, isiRashiya.
6. Informatics neTibalo. Lapha kukhethwa wehlukile kakhulu: kusuka izisekelo logic ukuxazulula zibalo elula. Ngokuvamile, computer science kungenziwa kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele noma yimiphi yebo esikoleni, ngoba ukwenza izethulo amaspredishithi, ihluzo, okwenza imibiko edingekayo ekuhloleni i-discipline ngayine.

Video Tutorials

Inqubekela akemi namanje, ke ogcwele zonke izici zokuphila kwethu kuhlanganise isikole. Akumangalisi ukuthi othisha abaningi abaphendukela lolu hlobo inhlangano inqubo yemfundo, njengoba isifundo sevidiyo.

Ngalesi umcimbi, abafundi kuvuliwe irekhodi noma kuyi-computer isethulo nguthishela kwanoma yisiphi isihloko. Njengomthetho, abafundi ziqondakala izifundo kahle: kuba yesimanje, ezintsha nezithakazelisayo.

Nokho, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi izingane lwabaphathi junior futhi phakathi kunzima ukubheka liklasi lonkhe elimhlophe interactive noma screen okuwukuthi ukusakaza. Kuyafaneleka ukufaka video tutorials e ibhizinisi main: ngeke zidonse ukunaka izingane futhi ubasize ukuba baqonde kangcono isihloko.

Okwamanje, inani elikhulu ekuthuthukiseni nasekuqeqesheni amavidiyo, ngakho uwathole nganoma isiphi isihloko, ngeke kube nzima.

Cabanga ukuthi ehambisana kakhulu video tutorials.

1. Ulimi lakwelinye izwe. Bheka izingcaphuno amafilimu kanye opopayi ngolimi okuhunyushelwa kulo siwusizo kakhulu. Izingane ngeke uzwe inkulumo izikhulumi bomdabu, funda bayibheka ngu indlebe.
2. Imibhalo (ukufunda). Ukusebenzisa izingcezwana yamakhonsathi yemisebenzi wafunda esiteji noma ifilimu. Le ndlela muhle izifundo-ukusebenza: izingane bazokwazi ukuqhathanisa imikhiqizo futhi aqonde umbono lomkhiqizo ngabantu ezahlukene.
3. Ucwaningo izinhlamvu, izinombolo, esikoleni sabaqalayo. amavidiyo afundisayo kulezi zihloko kakhulu.
4. Ukulungiselela DPA kanye ukuhlolwa bafundzi kuto tonkhe tifundvo. Dlala video tutorials usizo ngamafuphi ukuwudlulisela izingane ulwazi olufanele umsebenzi ngamunye ukuhlolwa.