Imiphumela besizukulwane seMpi Northern - ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba Empire Russian

Isimemezelo umbuso isiRashiya kwakuwulimi yesibili ngo-November 1721 ngenxa yeMpi Northern, okwakubekelwa kwakusenempi phakathi sokusebenzisana ehlanganisa emazweni aseScandinavia ngakolunye uhlangothi, Nombuso Swedish - ngakolunye. iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili eyathatha Northern neMpi (1700 kuya 1721) okubusa lokubusa la mazwe aseBaltic. Sweden walahlekelwa empini, wathandwa Russian phezulu. Ukunqoba Impi Northern kwaholela ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba Empire Russian.

Yenza noma ephule isikhathi

Ngo 1721 kwakukhona ukumenyezelwa kwezindaba Empire Russian nekomkhulu lalo Petersburg. Ngemva isiMongolia futhi umbuso waseBrithani ngezikhali, eyasungulwa ngu-Peter mina, ngaqala ukukhathazeka kakhulu isimo lwesithathu endaweni edumile ngaleso sikhathi. Olunqobayo e 1721, lapho Russia waba umbuso, inqobo ithuba ungene khona oLwandle iBaltic. Ugu olusentshonalanga ushiye neviyo lemikhumbi elinamandla kanye nebutho lempi.

Futhi ukumenyezelwa umbuso isiRashiya, futhi awuthole uMbusi Zonke-Russian uPetru isihloko kwenzeka ngonyaka ka kwesibhamu ngoba amandla.

IMpi Enkulu Northern. izizathu

Ngu ekuqaleni XVIII leminyaka Swedish Empire kwadingeka ukubusa okuphelele oLwandle iBaltic futhi kwaba kwelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili e-Europe. amandla wakhe futhi indawo enkulu yezwe bakhangwa North Union (sifaka Russia, umbuso Danish-Norwegian futhi Saxony). Ngo 1697 le nkosi Swedish Charles XII kwaba nanhlanu. Leli qiniso kwakungafanele athethwe njengezwe ebaluleke kakhulu Northern Alliance wokubalisa ukuhlanganisa ibhece eMpini Northern.

Russia sihlangabezane nesidingo ezinzima zomnotho sokubheka noLwandle iBaltic, njengoba ngaleso sikhathi kwakunebandla elilodwa nje kuphela imbobo encane White Sea - Arkhangelsk, futhi esindayo kakhulu futhi engaphumi njalo navigation system.

Lapho, ngo-1697, uPeter Omkhulu eYurophu futhi abaseSweden wathatha kwamakhaza akhe, Wakuthatha njengoba ukweyisa siqu, kamuva elaba esinye sezizathu ukudalulwa kokuhlomula impi.

Omkhulu Northern neMpi nenkathi eyiminyaka engu-1718-1721.

Eyokuqala ukuthula Congress kwesikhathi Northern neMpi lwenziwe entwasahlobo ka 1718. It Aland Congress kwakudingekile ukucacisa nemibandela basayine isivumelwano sokuthula phakathi Sweden neRussia. Nokho, Sweden, imisiwe izingxoxo. Lesi sikhundla iye okubangelwa isimo sengqondo eminye imibuso kule ndaba. Ngokwesibonelo, Denmark wesabe ngemvume ukuthula ahlukene phakathi Russia nase-Sweden.

In autumn 1718, November 30, wabulawa Karl XII. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjezelwa Fredrikskhalda. UDade-King - Ulrika Eleonora - ethathe ubukhosi. isikhundla yaseBrithani ngesikhathi egcekeni Swedish kwaqina.

Julayi 1719. Ngaphansi umyalo Apraksin lasolwandle Russian lawela amabutho eduze Stockholm. Yibe usubeka lelo kuphangwa ezindaweni suburban ka enhloko-dolobha yaseSweden.

Ekwindla ka 1719 (Novemba 9) Sweden ngemvume isivumelwano sokuthula umfelandawonye laseBrithani nelase Hanover. Lesi sakamuva wathutha Verden futhi Bremen.

Phakathi 1720 e Stockholm, esisayinwe ngomunye ezinye zezivumelwano zokuthula phakathi Sweden futhi abaphikisana yayo yangaphambili. Seventh-January ungukuthula nge -Commonwealth futhi Saxony, Febherbari 1 - Prussia (okokugcina kuvuma Pomerania).

Nane July sasayinwa omunye isivumelwano sokuthula. Ngu amagama ayo, Denmark wasuka ingxenye ezindaweni Schleswig-Holstein, kanye umnikelo yemali etholiwe. Manje yonke imikhumbi Swedish edabula Strait of Zundsky, kwadingeka ukuba ukhokhe imali.

Ekugcineni, ngo-August 30, 1721 ku Nishtadte esisayinwe induna ukuthula sivumelwano.

Ukusayinwa iSivumelwano Nystad

Wathi idokhumenti igcwaliswe Elikhulu Northern neMpi, okwaqala ngo-1700 kuya ku 1721. Ukuze Russia yayinqoba Ingria, Livonia, ingxenye Karelia futhi insimu yonke Eastland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, waqala ukubuyela Finland. Kungumsebenzi yeRussia ngenxa yalesi sivumelwano wawuyingxenye nokukhokhwa isinxephezelo yemali Sweden.

Ukwamukelwa sivumelwano senzeka 9 Septhemba. E-Moscow, Lush imikhosi ka ukusayinwa iSivumelwano Nystad yayiqhutshelwa.

Peter mina - umbusi wokuqala Russian

Ngo 1721, lapho Russia waba umbuso, uPeter Omkhulu, ngesinqumo Umkhandlu Wezigele kanye esiGungwini, yamukelwa isihloko Emperor of All-Russia. Eyokuqala phakathi isihloko bobukhosi ukuqaphela entsha Tsar Russian kwaba Prussia naseNetherlands. Kugcine - Rzeczpospolita. Lokhu kwenzeke kuphela 1764.

Zonke-Russian uMbusi - isihloko okwakukhona ngokuphelele zonke izinduna zomhlangano Empire Russian kusukela 1721 kuya 1917.

Izinguquko eyenziwa uPeter Omkhulu ngu

UMbusi lokuqala eRussia wehlela emlandweni nje kuphela umholi brilliant lempi, kodwa futhi njengoba wezinguquko ezithuthukayo. Ngenxa yalokho yeNyakatho neMpi laseRussia belilokhu unikezelwe ukufinyelela kolwandle. Ukwakhiwa lwemikhumbi zanamuhla khona oLwandle iBaltic. Le nqubo kuholele ushintsho olukhulu ohlotsheni wezoHwebo. Lapho uPetru izinguquko Omkhulu wathinta yonke into kusuka izinguquko ngabe sengithi ophela kugucuka emkhakheni wezemfundo, inkolo kanye autocracy.