Ikhukhamba anthracnose: ukwelashwa kanye nokuvimbela

Ukhukhamba - ezivamile futhi ezithandwayo kunoma iyiphi imifino isizini. IMisa equkethe izakhamzimba (amavithamini B no-C, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-iodine sensimbi), simnandi ifomu kokubili fresh futhi okusemathinini. A inzuzo prime lokhu zemifino ewusizo nokuqukethwe kwalo ongaphakeme caloric of 130 kcal 1 kilogram! Kubantu abaphethwe ngokweqile kwesisindo, ikhukhamba - umkhiqizo Kunconywa, okuyinto kungadla izinto eziningi angenamkhawulo.

Ikhukhamba Izifo: anthracnose

Ukuze ukhule ube eliphezulu sokuvuna ukhukhamba - akuwona neze umsebenzi olula! Ngaphezu kokunikeza yemifino ukunakekelwa elilungile edingekayo ukuze avimbele nesenzakalo izifo, okuyinto ngomzuzwana singayibhubhisa isivuno elindelekile. Umbala wawo ngokuvamile kwenzeka ku ngezizathu ezimbili: ke unisela ngamanzi abandayo kanye ezinqala senhliziyo imini nobusuku okushisa.

Ikhukhamba anthracnose ingenye izifo eziyingozi kakhulu izitshalo yemifino enjalo, okuyinto Uthole ukusatshalaliswa Imininingwane ensimini ka emazweni amaningi. Emele isifo fungal, copperhead (owaziwa nangokuthi anthracnose) ithelela isitshalo ngokuphelele. On ngeziqu ekubonisa izindawo ensundu, okuyinto "ukudla kude" indwangu eziphilayo yemifino, umane kuholele Ukusishiya Phansi yayo. Ihamba izindawo ethintekile aphuzi, okuyinto ukwandisa ngokushesha ubukhulu; Ngenxa yalokho, i-uDries lendwangu uwela, ukwakha amahlamvu umqhewu-like ukuvulwa. Enye inhloso ikhukhamba anthracnose ukhetha ngqo izithelo; kubo sifo livela encane, pads elikhula color pink, okuyinto ngokushesha ihlangana zibe munye nekhono, isilonda okuqhubekayo. Mycelium ukhunta lingena ayikajuli Zelentsy: 3-5 mm. Ukhukhamba ulahlekelwe kwekhono yabo futhi babe langakufanelekela ukudliwa.

izinyathelo

ensimini anthracnose womsebenzi akugcini ukhukhamba kuphela, ngaphansi izitshalo zakhe yemifino ithonya ukuwa ezifana amakhabe, amathanga, amakhabe. Anthracnose (noma ukhukhamba copperhead) uyakwazi kuncishiswe isivuno ngesigamu, ekubhubhiseni cishe zonke izitshalo; ukutheleleka kungaba abaphikelela umhlabathi isitshalo doti kanye imbewu elinegciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuvinjelwe anthracnose kufanele ukulandela imithetho:

• okufika ngesikhathi ukuhlanza futhi bachithe izinsalela izimila kusuka kusayithi ngemva kokuvuna;
• ukuthobela kwezitshalo, okusho ukutshala ukhukhamba endaweni yangaphambilini ye kokwehla akukho ngaphambi kwe-iminyaka engu-3;
• imbewu iqoqo ezenziwe ngokukhethekile ezitshalweni enempilo;
• ukhetha ikhukhamba izinhlobo ukuthi amelana izifo;
• etch imbewu amalungiselelo ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela;
• zokukhipha igciwane umhlabathi, ukwakhiwa zokugcina namathuluzi;
• ukubuyisela impilo inhlabathi nge manyolo organic kanye nemikhiqizo yemvelo.

kwezimo ezifanele ukusabalala anthracnose

Ikhukhamba anthracnose - isifo okuyinto iningi ozuza umsebenzi kwayo nomswakama eliphezulu; imvula namazolo futhi zero lokushisa kusuka 4 kuya ku-30 degrees - izimo ezingaphezu komfornosti ngoba ayanda yayo. Isikhathi bayashintshana ekufukameleni Uthatha 4 kuya ku-7 izinsuku. At lokushisa + 20-25 degrees nokuvuthwa fungal isikhathi kuyehla futhi izinsuku ezintathu. Lapho nomswakama lingaphansi kuka-60% ayiboniswa ikhukhamba anthracnose. Ngaphandle ukukhiqizwa kabusha conidia at ukufafaza ne ushintsha uba yileli kanye neensetjenziswa amanzi, ukhunta libangelwa contact neziguli izitshalo enempilo, nge ngokusebenzisa emazombezombe, sidluliselwe ukusebenza izingubo, aphid kanye yizimbuzane.

ukhunta ubusika hhayi kuphela ngakwesokunxele ngemva evuna izitshalo, kodwa futhi ku ifilimu namabhodlela zokugcina, kanye imiklamo yabo. Imbewu eqoqwe kungaba yingozi ukuze bomdabu isitshalo ukutheleleka.

Ukulwisana anthracnose

Ngaphezu izinyathelo ezibalwe ngenhla zokuvimbela ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo of ikhukhamba, anthracnose, edingekayo ukuze afeze ukuphathwa ne indlela abanekhono zinganqotshwa ngosizo amakhemikhali. Imbewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela etch Kunconywa fungicide TMTD, esekelwe 1 kg - 4 amagremu zomuthi. Lo msebenzi kungaba kwenziwe amasonto 2-3 ngaphambi kokutshala. Isenzo treater ubabonisa phezu lonke uhlaza isikhathi futhi ukubambezela futhi bayeke inqubo cell division kanye nuclei isikhunta pathogenic, okuyinto zitholakala kule isitshalo nomhlabathi. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu futhi Kunconywa ukuba zihlale ikhambi biostimulator "Immunotsitofit". isinyathelo Its has umuzwa ukukhalima, izinhlobo izitshalo kakhulu ukumelana ezifweni ezihlukahlukene (kuhlanganise fungal), kuvusa ukukhula okusheshayo isiko wasidlulisela ezihlukahlukene izinqubo yezinto eziphilayo.

Phezu ukuthola izimpawu edingekayo ukuze fafaza izitshalo 1% ekumisweni kwe -sulphur colloidal futhi aphathe 0.5-1% amandla Bordeaux ingxube, ithusi oxychloride noma "Poliramom"; isilinganiso esinjalo ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyoba zokuvimbela ngokumelene ukubukeka isikhutha. Kunconywa ukuba ufake izingxenye elinegciwane 0.5% isixazululo zethusi sulfate, bese dusted nge namalahle oluyimpuphu, uju noma lime. Kusukela ukusetshenziswa letiphakanyisiwe yesimanje zomuthi "Zineb" ngesilinganiso 20-30 amagremu ngalinye 10 amalitha amanzi noma "ziram" - I-esilinganayo amanzi 30-40 amagremu.

Umsuka ukuthambisa njengoba isilinganiso ukuze silwe copperhead

Lapho ifomu impande anthracnose gravies umphumela okusezingeni eliphezulu kunikeza isixazululo 1% Bordeaux ingxube noma 0.5% isixazululo of "Peak Abig" empandeni isitshalo ngasinye. Okokuqala, kudinga umhlabathi ngobuningi oswakanyiswe amanzi, khona-ke ngaphansi ehlathini ngamunye uthele isixazululo zomuthi ukuze the main okuyingxenye ifikile ngaphansi impande, lonke - by stem (ngesilinganiso 0.5-1 ilitha izitshalo iyunithi engadini). Lokhu kwelashwa kungaba liphindwe izikhathi 2-3 ngesonto, uma kunesidingo. Ngempela edingwa kokuthola isisombululo ukuvikela amahlamvu.

Ayikho antrankozu!

Ikhukhamba anthracnose, ukwelapha engesiyo kuphela ukucutshungulwa amakhemikhali, kodwa futhi ukusetshenziswa izinyathelo prophylactic zokuvimbela abayonqotshwa ngempumelelo ngesikhathi izenzakalo ngenhla okuchazwe ekuqaleni eziyinkimbinkimbi.