Ifilosofi Yokwenza of Science.

Indlela - is, ngaphezu kwakho konke, indlela enye into, ngendlela imisebenzi yezenhlalakahle akuyona kuphela ulwazi, kodwa futhi kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo. Umqondo we indlela yesayensi inezincazelo ezimbili eziyisisekelo:

1. System ibangelwe yizindlela ezithile, imisebenzi kanye ezisetshenzisiwe lokhu noma lokhuya mkhakha womsebenzi (ezombusazwe, isayensi, ubuciko).
2. Imfundiso yokuziphendukela indlela noma ngemfundiso ohlelweni. Ngakho, isayensi yokwenza uhlola isakhiwo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kolwazi lwesayensi, izindlela kanye izindlela ucwaningo lwesayensi, izindlela of kufinyeta Imiphumela netindlela yolwazi practice.

Lokho kusho ukuthi indlela - inhlanganisela izindlela ezithile, imithetho nemigomo elwati senzo. Leyo ndlela lokujeziselwa ekufuneni iqiniso, kukuvumela wonge isikhathi esibalulekile kanye umzamo asondela kakhudlwana umgomo wakhe. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukulawula indlela amafomu engqondweni yethu nezinye womsebenzi. Noma yimuphi yezindlela ithuthukiswe ngesisekelo ezizathwini theory, futhi ukusebenza kwawo ngempumelelo njalo ngenxa theory eningi, lokubalulekile ngokujulile ukuthi kamuva onomfutho indlela.

indlela Scientific ukhona futhi ithuthukisa kuphela dialectic eziyinkimbinkimbi we umgomo kanye subjective. Nokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi noma iyiphi indlela, okokuqala kunakho konke, umgomo kanye ulwazi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kancane subjective. Zonke izindlela zesayensi zihlukaniswe amaqembu ezinhlanu eziseqhulwini:

1. izindlela zefilosofi. Endala kakhulu izindlela zefilosofi - dialectical futhi elifanayo ezintweni eziphilayo. Lezi Lingase lihlanganise kohlaziyo, phenomenological, izindlela enembile.
2. izindlela zesayensi. izindlela abanjalo baye bathola izicelo ezibanzi isayensi ekhulwini XX, abakubonisayo uhlobo indlela phakathi kwezimfundiso zefilosofi ilungiselelo eyisisekelo ezinye sciences ekhethekile.
3. izindlela Chastnonauchnogo ukumela ukumiswa kwemigomo kanye izindlela yolwazi, kanye namasu ucwaningo kanye nezinqubo esetshenziswa kweminye imikhakha yesayensi kanye ahlobene eziyisisekelo ngendlela leso sicelo.
4. izindlela izigwegwe zihlanganisa amasu izinhlelo ezisetshenziswa ngendlela isiyalo esithile ekusebenzisaneni isayensi, noma okuhlobene isayensi uqobo. Noma yimuphi isayensi eyisisekelo kuhilela izifundo eziyinkimbinkimbi nezindlela zocwaningo yasekuqaleni.
5. Izindlela zocwaningo imikhakha eyahlukene. Ziyakwazi uchungechunge zokwenziwa, izindlela Integrative ukuthi ukugxila emalungeni eyala zesayensi.

Ifilosofi indlela yesayensi avame yilezi ezilandelayo izindlela: observation, kucatsanisa sokuhlola, ngenxa okuyinto kukhona kokungenela asebenzayo inqubo ekhona. kube semthethweni Phakathi kwabo zivame kakhulu isehlane, esicabanga ukuthi kungaqhamuka-deductive nezindlela axiomatic.

1. Semthethweni - namabalazwe yolwazi jikelele ethi ongokomfanekiso. It is wadala yokuveza yokucabanga, benethuba inyumbazane ukuqonda edidayo.
2. indlela Axiomatic - indlela yokwakha umuntu umbono wesayensi owawuthandwa esekelwe ezinye izikhundla kokuqala, okuvela kulo zonke ezinye izitatimende avele ngendlela enengqondo.
3. Esicabanga ukuthi kungaqhamuka-deductive indlela - indlela ukutadisha theory, ngokuyisisekelo okuyinto ukwakha isimiso imicabango, zazo iziphetho amaqiniso enokwehla.

Indlela yokucabanga indlela yesayensi kabanzi jikelele amasu okunengqondo nezindlela zocwaningo, zazo can abhekwe:

1. Ukuhlaziya - ngokuhlukana ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo noma wangempela into ibe izingxenye zalo ingxenye.
2. Synthesis - ukuhlanganisa izinto e yisikhungo esisodwa.
3. Abstraction - inqubo ye Abstraction kusukela ubudlelwane nezakhiwo izenzakalo lafundvwako, lapho kukhululwa ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile.
4. Idealization - umsebenzi okunengqondo elihlobene ne kumiswa lezinto abstract.
5. Lokungeniswa - ukuhamba umcabango kusukela amaqiniso ngabanye ngokuvamile.
6. Imali ebanjwayo - Ibuyisa inqubo yokufunda okwabelanwayo amaqiniso ngabanye.
7. Analogy - ukuqhathanisa nokuzimisela ukufana okukhona phakathi izinto okungezona ezifanayo.
8. Modeling - Ucwaningo Indlela ukudlala izinto ngezakhiwo zabo kwezinye izinto.

Indlela Yokwenza kwesayensi, njengoba isayensi ngokwayo - into luyingxenye zomlando, ngakho iyiphi izindlela namasu kuwo ukufunda njalo ngcono futhi, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa essence yayo kweqiniso.