I "uma" Excel

isofthiwe ye-Microsoft Excel iyithuluzi elinamandla ezingasiza ukuxazulula izinkinga ezinzima yezamakhompyutha. Omunye istrument esetshenziswa kakhulu lokhu isethi kuyinto umsebenzi "UMA".

ukubaluleka umsebenzi

Lapho usebenza "Eksele" kudingeka ukuqonda okushiwo umsebenzi "uma" ukwakha imibuzo efanele-syntax. Ngenxa algorithm yayo ayenza kokwenza ukuqhathanisa okunengqondo, kuye ngokuthi imiphumela okuzokwenziwa ezivezwa omunye izinto ezimbili.

Ngo ngaphezulu alula, i- "UMA" endabeni ukubaluleka isisho kweqiniso, engikhiphela esisodwa uma kwenzeka ezingamanga - kwenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo njengoba isenzo kungaba inani ingcaca, futhi umsebenzi othile, kuhlanganise "UMA". Unalokhu "Excel" umsebenzi "uma" ivumela legatsha e ukusebenza algorithm yesenzo ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezihlukahlukene.

I-syntax "uma"

Incazelo okulula iningi izakhiwo syntactic - omunye izinzuzo main, okuyinto idume "Excel". I "UMA" futhi libhekisela inombolo yabo - emva elisemqoka kubakaki kubonisa isimo enye, isenzo ngomqondo yeqiniso, kamuva emhlanganweni okungalungile. Schematically kubukeka sengathi lokhu:

UMA (log_vyrazhenie; [inani_uma_true] [inani_uma_false]);

lokushutheka

Esinye sezici esihlukanisa umsebenzi "uma" - it is izidleke. Okungukuthi, phakathi isakhiwo esifanayo kungaba esinye, ukubaluleka zazo kuncike umphumela jikelele we isicelo. Ngaphezu umsebenzi ngaphakathi "uma" kungenzeka abanye. Kodwa esimweni sokuqala, le ngxenye kungenziwa akhiwe kunoma yiziphi izingxenye ezintathu-syntax.

ezimeni eziningana

Lapho sisebenzelana imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi, sebenzisa "UMA" nge izimo ezimbalwa, Nokho, kulesigaba iningi abasebenzisi kunenkinga. Lokhu kungenxa ethize umsebenzi mnogouslovnosti algorithm. Umsebenzi Excel "UMA" hlola ukusebenza ukuqhathanisa eyodwa kuphela inkulumo okunengqondo, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa ngokuhlanganyela noma disjunction ngeke zisebenze. Ukuze uhlole izimo eziningi udinga ukusebenzisa lokushutheka impahla.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi ungasetha kanjani izimo eziningana e "UMA", Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa isibonelo. Ake sithi sifuna uhlole ukuthi inombolo cell "A1" esikhathini esinikeziwe - 5 kuya ku 10. Njengoba singabona, kulesi simo-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlola izimo ezimbili ngokubheka kwi yiqiniso kwalesi ukuqhathanisa amanani amabili - 5 futhi 10. Ukuze lelisu lesi sibonelo e "Eksele", kuzomele ubhale umsebenzi ngendlela elandelayo:

= UMA (A1> 5; UMA (A1 <10; "kufakwe uhla" "ingafinyeleleki") "ingafinyeleleki")

Ukuze ugweme amaningi umusho ukuphindaphinda okukhipha kufanele asebenzise isimiso of isidleke futhi, njengephuzu lokuphikisa ngokuhlola lamanani okubuyisela imisebenzi, kuye ngokuthi kuphi futhi ukukhiqiza okukhipha, noma ekuqaleni "nelithi 'esihlanganisa konke izimo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Le ndlela inkimbinkimbi yoqondayo design ebhaliwe ezingeni elincane sabaphathi, kodwa inani elikhulu izimo, le ndlela kungaba elilungile more.

ongakhetha umsebenzi Special

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsebenzi "uma" ikuvumela ukuba ashiye sasiyize noma eziningana imingcele yayo. Kulokhu, imiphumela kuzoya kakhulu ngokuthi yikuphi agumenti akhishiwe ngumsebenzisi.

Uma esikhundleni izinkulumo okunengqondo ushiye isibhakabhaka, umphumela umsebenzi ngeke isenzo okuyinto unesibopho ekukhishweni zamanga-algorithm. Isizathu salokhu Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uhlelo ukuzihlanganisa kweze ngeqanda, okusho ukuthi ulimi okunengqondo "FALSE". Uma ushiya sasiyize lamanani, lababukene nekwetfulwa esimweni iqiniso noma amanga, khona-ke uma ukhetha umphumela uyoba "0".

Kufanele futhi usho kunjalo lapho ukwakha esikhundleni inkulumo okunengqondo is lenziwa ibuyisela inani i- "TRUE" noma "FALSE", futhi iqoqo izinhlamvu, noma ireferensi yeseli. Esimweni lapho ipharamitha okulotshwe isisho equkethe okuthile ngaphandle value kwamanani nobe amazwi okunengqondo, kuzobangela nephutha phakathi kokusebenzisa. Uma ucacise ikheli iseli noma ukubhalisa inombolo ethile / inani elinengqondo, umphumela uyoba wazi okungaphakathi. Uma kuseli, noma isimo inombolo 0 kulotshiwe, igama elithi "false" noma akunalutho, umphumela kungamanga umsebenzi. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ukwenza isenzo real iskripthi.

Lapho ukusebenza uhlelo olubhalwe ngolimi lwesiNgisi "Excel" kufanele inake yokuthi yonke imisebenzi aso nawo abhalwe ngesiNgisi. Kulokhu umsebenzi "UMA" kuzoqoshwa njengoba UMA, kodwa lonke syntax nemisebenzi algorithm izohlala injalo.

Lokho kufanele sinake

Nokho leli nani kumanele cishe yonke imisebenzi, ngisho le nombolo encane ngokuvamile iba inkinga umsebenzisi - "Excel" ivumela kuze kufinyelele 64 sub-imisebenzi "UMA". Kunezizathu eziningana: uma udala nombuzo, lula ngokwanele ukuthi usephutheni ne Ukuqopha ifomula - wezibalo, njalo AMANGA kancane ku-25% amacala kuholela Imiphumela ayilungile, ukuthi likhulu inkomba ngokwanele.

Enye Ububi a lokushutheka esikhulu "UMA" kuyinto efundeka ongaphakeme. Naphezu Uhlelo isiphambukisi mibala Kwezinye izingxenye nombuzo isichazi nakakhulu imisebenzi, okuyinto okunzima kakhulu ukwenza out. Ngakho, uma ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile kuyomelwe baye emuva esakhiweni noma ukuqala ukusebenza isicelo yomunye, kangangokuthi ngeke lubashiyele isikhathi esiningi ekuvisiseni ukurekhoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi ngamunye has pair ayo kubakaki, futhi wafaka ngephutha, basibeke endaweni yaso, kuyodingeka babheke kude for nephutha.

izibonelo

Ukuhlanganisa ukuqonda izindleko, ngokomthetho uma sicabangela nendlela umsebenzi "UMA" Excel. Izibonelo ngezansi ukukhombisa yonke izindlela eziyisisekelo zokusebenzisa yayo.

Isibonelo elula sokuba ukuhlaziywa umsebenzi yiyona Ukuqhathanisa izinombolo ezimbili. Ukuze kokuhlukana ukutholakala, Sichaza amanani amabili kwamanani ka eziguquguqukayo kumaseli A1 kanye B1, futhi okuzokwenza kuqhathaniswa. Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kumelwe ukusizakala irekhodi ifomu:

= UMA (A1 = B1; "izinombolo bayalingana;" "Inombolo ukungalingani").

Kulokhu, khona kwenani elifanayo kokubili amaseli, umphumela uba irekhodi "bayalingana", kuzo zonke ezinye izimo - "isibalo ukungalingani".

Ukuze ubuyekeze umsebenzi isitatimende okunemibandela nezimo eziningi, ngendlela isibonelo zingasetshenziswa ukuthola inani izixazululo of ezothando quadratic. Kulokhu, isheke senziwa discriminant - uma lingaphansi kuka-zero, lapho ke azinakuxazululeka uma zero - ke ingenye, kuzo zonke ezinye izimo - zikhona izimpande amabili. Ukurekhoda kulesi simo, kwanele ukwenza isicelo okulandelayo:

Kulabo abafuna ukuqonda kangcono zonke izici, ezithinta umsebenzi "uma", Excel zibonelo lapho kuthiwa ingxenye, okuyinto kuchazwa ngokuningiliziwe inkambo isinqumo ngamunye kubo.