I pirates odume kunayo yonke emlandweni

Lo mkhuba ukudunwa Wethule emlandweni wesintu amagama amaningi bamazwe edume. ukuphanga ulwandle Peak kwenzeka ekhulwini XVII, lapho Umhlaba Ocean Bekunjalo zivela ngalesikhathi umzabalazo phakathi eSpain, izwe laseBrithani nelase-ezinye inzuzo umfutho amandla wamakoloni European. Ngokuvamile, pirates wenza baziphilise njengochwepheshe abazimele kuphangwa ngamacala obugebengu, kodwa ezinye zazo bazithola inkonzo yomphakathi futhi ngenjongo abalinyezwe navies angaphandle.

Frensis Dreyk

Wazalelwa e-1540, Frensis Dreyk wazalwa ngo ipulazi umkhaya ovamile, futhi ayengenazo izimpawu ukuthi wayeyoba pirate omkhulu futhi itilosi. A esejika ekuphileni kwakhe ezenzeka esikhathini engu-12 lapho abazali kuhanjiswe ku Kent. Kukhona ingane waba umfana gumbi kwi isikebhe esinesinqe esibanzi sokuthwala impahla yomthengisi. Umnikazi umkhumbi wawususukile isihlobo zakhe ezikude. Dying, wabapha umkhumbi ifa Drake. Ngakho-ke nje ukuqondana kwezinto emangalisayo eminyakeni engu-18, le nsizwa ibinguShamuti.

Njengazo zonke amatilosi ababephila ngesikhathi, uFrancis ngiphuphe kwezilwandle kude entshonalanga, lapho kusukela esikhathini ukutholakala zabo zaqhubeka ukusingatha abaseSpain. I pirates edume kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, njengoba esizingelwayo laden igolide American galleons wasebukhosini. AbaseSpain elawulwa ngempela eWest Indies futhi awazange uzonikeza ke izinsiza British. Phakathi imikhumbi emazweni amabili njalo bangqubuzana. Kwelinye nabo 1567 Frensis Dreyk lase licishe ukulahlekelwa ukuphila kwakhe. Kuzo zonke IsiZulu imikhumbi ngasinda imikhumbi emibili kuphela. Ngemva kwalesi senzakalo, abaseSpain baba archenemies Drake.

Francis etholakele iziphathimandla zabo ze-patent corsair futhi ilungelo impango khulula isitha elisekela. Ukuthatha leli thuba, lesi pirate ethumba izinqaba iSpanishi futhi ezindaweni zonke eCaribbean. Ngo-1572, iqembu lakhe laselibambelela umthwalo omkhulu esiliva. ENgilandi isigebengu ngomkhumbi nge amathani 30 metal zasebukhosini.

Drake eyaduma hhayi nje njengomuntu abaseSpain nokuduma, kodwa futhi njengendlela wamazwe abanesibindi. Ngo 1577, koroleva Elizaveta ngathumela ukuba bomkhankaso emhlabeni. It is lokhu pirate kwaba eyiNgisi ngowokuqala obognuvshim wonke. Phakathi nohambo lwakhe, wathola ukuthi Tierra del Fuego - kuyinto esiqhingini, hhayi kube nezwekazi eliseningizimu, njengasekuqaleni lalibhekwa eYurophu. Ngemva kokubuya kwakhe kokunqoba Frensis Dreyk ukuthi knighted futhi baba Mnumzane. isikhundla High akazange ukushintsha imikhuba sea impisi. Kunalokho, ngokuphindaphindiwe futhi kanzima olandelayo yalolu hambo entsha.

Ngo 1588 Frensis Dreyk kwaba esibandakanyeka Ukunqotshwa kwe-Armada yaseSpain. IsiZulu imikhumbi ukunqoba kwaba kwandulela amandla ulwandle British emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Ngemva kwalokhu impumelelo Drake izikhathi eziningana waqhubeka uhambo ukuze eWest Indies. Esikhathini Caribbean yena kwakuwulimaza base isitha izigcwelegcwele zasolwandle ekuvimbela losizo ukuhweba British. Mnumzane Drake washona ngo 1596 ngesikhathi evakashele Panama. lomngcwabo wakhe phambili wangcwatshwa olwandle. Ngokungangabazeki, lokhu owenza futhi owenza - le pirate edume kakhulu ekhulwini le-16.

-Henry Morgan

-Henry Morgan wazalwa ngo-1635 e ekujuleni Welsh emkhayeni zomninindawo. Lo mfana angase abe indlalifa kayise, kodwa esengumntwana uthando kwaba ezolimo kanye kolwandle. Njengoba isikhathi iye yabonisa uthando umkhathizwe ezikude sasifanele. I pirates edume kakhulu baba nomhawu impumelelo-Henry Morgan, owaba legend abaphila esikhathini sakhe.

Nsizwa eyiNgisi waqasha emkhunjini silibangise itheku esiqhingini Barbados. Uma eCaribbean, Morgan yaqala ukwakha umsebenzi omuhle njengoba isigebengu. Ngokungena pirates, wathuthela Jamaica. Jung ngokushesha yaba ilungu le mikhuba, injongo eyinhloko okwakukhona ukuphanga wafika izitsha isandla. Ngesikhashana nje umfana wayengazi yonke imithetho namasiko ngezinto eziphila olwandle. Kakade lapho esemusha, waba umnikazi we dolobha elikhulu, okhandwe ngesando ndawonye ukudunwa nemali uzuza e bone. Ngale mali, uHenry wathenga umkhumbi wakhe wokuqala.

Maduze ngisho pirates edume kunazo babekade bezwile ngeSikole ngekhono futhi sikufisela Morgan. Emhlabeni iqembu pirate kwakhiwa zabalandeli. Ukuze umkhumbi wakhe baqala ukuhlanganyela izitsha ezintsha. Kukhula thonya hhayi kodwa kungaholela izifiso ukukhula. Ngo 1665, Morgan ukuyeka imikhumbi aphanga futhi saqala ukuhlela ukusebenza ukuyokudla wonke umuzi. Inhloso yakhe uqala ukuvela Trujillo. Khona-ke isigebengu yambamba eziningana elisekela Spanish e-Cuba. Futhi privateers elula, kanye pirates edume kunazo ayikwazanga ukuziqhayisa impumelelo enjalo.

Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke ibhizinisi lempi Morgan liqala ukuzungeza lakhe Panama, okwenzeka ngo-1670. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwaba kakade imikhumbi 35 nezisebenzi kubantu 2000 anawo isigebengu ngesikhathi. Lokhu band esesifundazweni Panama futhi zayiswa inqaba Spanish of the gama elifanayo. Nakuba ikampu olunezinombolo abayizinkulungwane 2.5, wayengasaboni avikele umuzi. Ukuthatha Panama, pirates kwababhubhisa bonke wamelana antshontsha konke bakwazi ukufinyelela. Lo muzi ngomlilo futhi ubhujiswe. Ngemva kwalokho kuhlasela, amagama pirates edume kunazo egqwalile ngokumelene isizinda-Henry Morgan.

Lapho izikhonzi British wabuyela eJamaica, elalingelamaFilisti umqhele, iziphathimandla ngokuzumayo ambopha. Kwakuwusuku yokuthi ngosuku olwandulela eLondon Madrid benze ukuthula. Pirates kungukuthi wenzela isimo, kodwa wayekujabulela connivance yakhe nonomusa. Ukuba ukuthula saphetha ngokukhulula Spain, uhulumeni waseBrithani uthembise ukubuswa pirates yayo. -Henry Morgan wathunyelwa ekhaya. indlu yakhe elinde inkantolo, kodwa inqubo kwaba ukuboniswa inkohliso kuphela. Iziphathimandla azizange uhlose ajezise pirate ukuba abenzele izinkonzo eziningi ekulweni umthetho Spanish phezu kolwandle.

Ngokushesha-Henry Morgan wabuyela eJamaica. Waba Iphini umbusi balesi siqhingi futhi induna imikhumbi yakhe kanye nebutho lempi. Esikhathini esizayo, pirates bayaqhubeka bekhonza ngokwethembeka umqhele. Washona ngo 1688 futhi ehloniphekile wangcwatshwa iSonto Port Royal. Jamaica ukuzamazama komhlaba inhlekelele lanyakazisa eminyakeni embalwa, futhi ithuna Morgan wageza olwandle.

enn Bonni

Nakuba ulwandle ukuphanga ngaso sonke isikhathi ibikade ifinyeleleka kuphela indaba wesilisa, isithakazelo akukho kancane Pirates zesifazane edume kunazo zonke. Omunye wabo kwakungu-Enn Bonni (owazalwa ngo-1700). Yavela lomkhaya ocebile Irish. Lapho eseyingane, uyise ayeyithenge ifa e ezikude Melika. Ngakho u-Anne iyiswe INguqulo Yezwe.

I 18 yr indodakazi endala wasukela endlini, futhi athatha uhambo on an adventure entsha. Wahlangana le pirate Jack Rackham futhi wanquma ujoyine ulwandle yakhe ezamehlela. Le ntombazane Kwadingeka ngijwayele ukuba izingubo zabesilisa ngilwazi amakhono ulwa bese ukudubula. Rackham ithimba lathunjwa iziphathimandla 1720. UCaptain abulawe, kepha isijeziso ngenxa yazo zonke isikhathi Anne lahlehliswa ngenxa yokuthi ukhulelwe kanjani. isiphetho sakhe okwalandela ayikaziwa.

Kokunye nguqulo ye Bonnie bekhululiwe wafa ngesikhathi kugasela isimiso kwamanye bophulwe uyise abanethonya, okwathi ngemva kwalokho wesigebengu oye wachitha ukuphila kwakhe wonke eNingizimu Carolina, washona ngo-1782 ngesikhathi sesivuthiwe sesikhulile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, Pirates edume kakhulu abantu besifazane (omunye isigebengu abadumile ngesikhathi kwaba Meri Ningakuvumeli) yakha amahemuhemu kakhulu kunabangane bawo besilisa.

Chernaya Boroda

oyinganekwane Blackbeard uhlala omunye liyabonakala kakhulu bonke onkulunkulu pirate. Ngaphansi kwalo moniker ukufihla Edvard tích. Mayelana esengumntwana cishe lutho waziwa. Seaman yamemezela ngokwaso 1713, lapho eneminyaka engu-33 ubudala wajoyina kubaphangi Benjamin Hornigold. Njengazo zonke pirates edumile emhlabeni wonke, lokhu ithimba ezingelwa i wezimpahla ezikhangayo eziyigugu Caribbean. Okufundiswa kwaba isigebengu sangempela ekahle. Wayengazi ukuthi yini ngaphandle kuphangwa njalo kanye nokubamba inkunzi. umkhumbi wakhe "Revenge Queen Anne" ethuke njengoba amatilosi, amasosha nezakhamuzi phansi.

Ngo 1717, sibonga imizamo umbusi Bahamas neziphathimandla baye baqala umzabalazo okuqinile ngokumelene pirates. Imibandela entsha engajwayelekile, amasela amaningi (kuhlanganise nelase-Benjamin Hornigold) wanquma ukubeka phansi izikhali futhi uthole ushwele wasebukhosini. Nokho, thich wenqaba ukushintsha indlela yabo yokuphila. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, uye waba isitha №1 ukuze amabutho aseBrithani ezempi kanye asolwandle.

pirates abaningi abadumile, abenqaba bafakwe i-oda entsha, wajoyina Blackbeard. Adventure edume kakhulu ukuthi waba yinduna nokuvinjelwa Charleston eNingizimu Carolina. Raiders ethumba izakhamuzi eziningi eziphezulu, futhi esenana bebuyile got a isihlengo omkhulu.

Yokukhohlisa aphethe "Revenge Queen Anne" akusho abajeziswa. Iziphathimandla baba bathembisa lezi zingane ikhanda pirate amakhilogremu 100, elalilisha ngalesosikhathi eshisiwe. On Blackbeard waqala umsebenzi wokufuna yangempela. Maduze, Novemba 22, 1718 Edvard tích wabulawa egibela ukulwa emelene ithimba uLieutenant Robert Maynard. Ngokuvamile Pirates edume kakhulu futhi imikhumbi yabo imikhulu, uyayaluza ulwandle ukuphila zishesha kakhulu kodwa engenakulibaleka. Ngakho-ke ingabe ilifa Blackbeard.

noBartolomewu Roberts

Inkazimulo, owasetshenziswa Pirates odume kunayo yonke emlandweni, eyaqanjwa elibazungezile eziningi amahemuhemu nezinganekwane. NoBartolomewu Roberts kwakungelona okwehlukile lo mthetho. It is udumo owabhala Pirate Ikhodi - iqoqo imithetho, owawuthi izizukulwane eziningi pirates wahlala.

Roberts wazalwa ngo 1682 edolobheni elincane Welsh ka Haverfordwest. aluthatha ephindelela waqala umkhumbi slaver, lapho noBartolomewu khona induna umsizi. Ukuze pirates, esazama iminyaka engu-37, lapho waqasha umkhumbi "Princess of London." Ingakapheli inyanga nengxenye novice isela wakhethwa induna ngomkhumbi wakhe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho amabhizinisi azimele Roberts wamenza abadumile emazweni amaningi nezilwandle. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakucatshangwa ukuthi - i-pirate esibi kakhulu emhlabeni. NoBartolomewu ithimba isinyathelo hhayi kuphela e amasimu naseCaribbean, kodwa futhi emanzini asogwini eziseNtshonalanga Afrika, Brazil ngisho Canada. Izinswelaboya baphanga bonke kungayiletha inzuzo ukuthengisa: inkantolo ne izinsimbi ezihloniphekayo, esenyakatho noboya galleons, izikebhe nge izimpahla ezimbalwa American. iwuhlelo wayo Roberts wenza utshontshe uBrigadier isiFulentshi, alibiza ngokuthi "Royal pirate."

NoBartolomewu wabulawa 1722 ngesikhathi evakashele isimiso Afrika, lapho ayehlose ukukwenza inzuzo ukuhweba ngezigqila. Legendary pirate ukuluthwa zonakale nabangane bakhe ukuba baphuze. Lapho umkhumbi British ngokuzumayo ehlaselwa esikebheni of Roberts, lonke ithimba yakhe yayifile odakiwe. I pirates edume kakhulu eCaribbean futhi undunankulu Royal Navy bamangala iphutha: konke kwabonakala ukuthi noBartolomewu sahlulwa. Roberts wama phandle ngokumelene isizinda ozakwabo zakhe, impumelelo hhayi kuphela yabo siqu, kodwa futhi umkhuba ukuba sigqoke kahle, futhi ukuya zokugembula kanye inhlamba. Akungabazeki ukuthi he was fike of the pirate ewubuciko isikhathi sakhe esiningi.

Genri Everi

Phakathi nokuphila kwakhe iDemo Genri Everi wakwazi ukuthola okuningi izidlaliso. Abanye ababephila wambiza Ben lanky, elinye - Arhipiratom. Lyubov Everi ukuze ulwandle predetermined ezimpandeni zakhe. uyise kaHenry wakhonza njengephayona ukaputeni wempi waseBrithani. Ngo-1659 emndenini isikhulu wazala indodana, ngubani lwaluyoba omunye pirates okucebile edume isikhathi sakhe.

Okokuqala, isigebengu esizayo, baqhubeka nohambo lwabo imikhumbi yezohwebo, bese esikhundleni sazo ku isigebengu. Ngo 1694, Emery engu-25 ubudala, aqashwe amakhephabheri ayaqhuma. Umehluko omkhulu we umkhumbi owawuvela pirate zakudala kwaba ukuthi inkunzi ehlaselwa abathengisi abangewona ama nge kwemvume kahulumeni. Ngezinye izikhathi izinkontileka ziphuliwe lapho umkhumbi wayeka inkokhelo, amatilosi mutinied. Mariners wanquma ukuba pirates, esikhundleni induna ubudala wakhetha entsha. Bathola Genri Emeri.

Umholi omusha wezigebengu ushiye Caribbean waya e-Indian Ocean, lapho eseneminyaka njengoba ubudala. Imigomo ye-first stop eside kwaba Madagascar. Khona-ke Emery ithimba ehlaselwa imikhumbi okuqondene Indian Mughal Empire. Abaphangi ephethwe ukuthwebula inombolo elikhulu lezimpahla ezingavamile asempumalanga futhi zonke izinhlobo ubucwebe. On kokungenela ezifana inzuzo ngiphuphe bonke bemikhumbi of America. Ngemva kwalokho uhambo Avery kwaba lisabonakala. Kwake kwathiwa wathuthela eNgilandi futhi wazama ukuqala i nebhizinisi elisemthethweni futhi ekugcineni wajeziswa ngokuphelele.

Thomas Tew

Indlela ezalandela ngesikhathi uhambo lwakhe oludumile Genri Emeri, ngokuthi "Pirate Round." Okokuqala lokhu umzila (Atlantic - South Africa - Madagascar - India) kwaba Thomas Tew. Njengoba eqala Emery privateer kanye pirate igcwaliswe. Ngo 1693 aphuca imikhumbi eziningana oLwandle Olubomvu. Ngaphambi ukuhlasela kwakhe, thugs European neze ezingelwa kule ndawo. Mhlawumbe lokhu ixhunyiwe nale impumelelo Tew - akekho okulindeleke ukubukeka namanenekazi Caribbean fortune.

Phakathi nohambo lwakhe lwesibili eMadagascar, Thomas ngengozi wahlangana Genri Emeri. Ngenxa amahemuhemu mayelana imali lula emazweni Eastern manje Pirates edume kakhulu abafuna sokulingisa impumelelo Tew. Kulesi inkumbulo pirate induna wahlala njengoba esathola "Umbuthano". Okuningi ukwenza, akazange abe nesikhathi. Ngo 1695, uThomas Tew ubulawe ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa the weqembu lemikhumbi Mogul.

Thomas Cavendish

Uhlu, okubandakanya Pirates odume kunayo yonke emlandweni, ngeke akwenze ngaphandle kukhulunywa uThomas Cavendish (1560-1592). Wayengumuntu owayephila ngesikhathi Francis Drake. Imilando we pirates ezimbili ezisebenza izithakazelo umqhele English, abe kuningi abafana ngakho. Cavendish ngemva Drake wanquma ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke. Lolu hambo, kwenziwa 1586-1588 GG., Ingabe neze elinokuthula. Skirting Melika, pirates IsiZulu babamba inkunzi eziningi eyayigcwele liphuphuma ngegolide izinkantolo Spanish. Ngomqondo othile, uhambo olungathatha Thomas Cavendish kwaba kwakwakhiwa. AbaseSpain wacabanga oLwandle iPacific kuya "echibini yangaphakathi" kwalo nangokuthi wafutheka ngesikhathi abaphangi angaphandle lwangena kulolu lwandle ayikaziwa ngempela.

Okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuhlaselwa Cavendish ithimba wenza ngasogwini eMexico. Izikhonzi U-Elizabeth I, uhlasele galleon ibithwele ngemithi nyaka zegolide-Peruvian (120,000 pesos). Enye imali eningi ibhizinisi pirates waqala yokupaka Java. Lesi siqhingi idume pepper yayo kanye clove. Izinongo ngesikhathi ayaziswa isisindo zensimbi eziyigugu. Cavendish wakwazi ukuthola umthwalo omkhulu we yokuthengisela phezulu. Pirates wabuyela Plymouth lwakubo e 1588. Izikhangibavakashi emhlabeni wonke iminyaka engu-2 izinsuku 50, baye setha irekhodi ijubane, elaliba amakhulu eminyaka amabili wonke.

Cavendish wachitha ngokushesha ukwenza imali eshisiwe. emva impumelelo yakhe isimanga Eminyakeni embalwa uqoqe uhambo lwesibili, behlose ncamashi ukuphinda uyonqoba zokugcina. Kodwa kulokhu pirate bahlushwa ukwehluleka. Ngo-1592 yena wafela emanzini ase-Atlantic Ocean. Kucatshangwa umkhumbi Cavendish yacwila eduze Ascension Island.

Fransua Olone

Nakuba Pirates edume kakhulu futhi imikhumbi yabo imikhulu, njengoba umthetho, ziye zahlobana eNgilandi, base okuyigugu yabo nakwamanye amazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, uphawu abalulekile emlandweni kwesokunxele engumFulentshi Fransua Olone (1630-1671). Lapho esemusha, waba abadumile ichweba elikhulu Pirates Caribbean Tortuga. Ngo-1662,, nomphangi abasha corsair got a patent and beqala ukumfunisisa ngoba imikhumbi yaseSpain. Lapho umkhumbi yaphahlazeka Ohlone. Pirate wageza up ogwini Mexican, lapho ithimba lakhe bahlaselwa abaseSpain layilamula. Zonke French abulawa, futhi sengathi kuphela ukuba isikhathi efile Ohlone ngasinda.

I ibhizinisi wokuvelela kunazo uFrancois kwaba bamba wakhe lomuzi waseSpain Maracaibo eVenezuela namuhla. Liyahlaselwa kulandelana daredevils ifanelane nayo yonke imikhumbi emihlanu. Endleleni, Pirates baphanga umkhumbi iSpanishi futhi wambamba ka okusanhlamvu okubalulekile amagugu kanye cocoa. Lapho befika kule ndawo oya ezwekazini, Ohlone kwaholela ehlasela Fort, ikampu ezingafinyelela abantu 800. Pirates ashaqe inqaba futhi wambamba ka 80.000 piastres esiliva. Maracaibo ukuwa udumo induna wethiwa "lohlupho abaseSpain."

Lo mkhankaso eledlule ye isela abadumile French waqala ngohambo lwakhe eNicaragua. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu ukusesha inzuzo pirates ashaqe umkhumbi, zithwesiwe iphepha ezishibhile. Ngenxa yokwehluleka iqembu wabuyela emuva Tortuga. Ohlone aqhubeka raid, kodwa ngeshwa induna eduze Cartagena, umkhumbi wakhe wacwila. Ukuze sifinyelele ngasogwini lamabutho French zabantu 40 uhlaselwe isixuku kwabomdabu baseNdiya. Endaweni udliwe amazimu wadla Ohlone nethimba lakhe.

Amaro Pargo

Amaro Pargo - omunye pirates edume kunazo Spanish. Yazalwa ngo-1678 abantu abalisebenzisayo eziQhingini zaseCanary futhi ebusheni baba uthole omunye ukuthuthwa kwezigqila kusuka Afrika eMelika. izisebenzi Mahhala emasimini bewazisa kakhulu kakhulu, ngakho Pargo ngokushesha abaceba. Yena wayengumbulali isitha lesifungweni sayo black nesilevu ngokuvamile zonke pirates ngesiNgisi.

Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe ngo-1747 Pargo wenza intando lapho wabonisa ukuthi esifubeni angcwatshwe ingcebo fabulous: isiliva, igolide, amaparele, ubucwebe, amatshe ayigugu kanye izindwangu ezibizayo. Kwase kuphele amashumi eminyaka, le ngcebo wazama ukuthola bamazwe abaningi, kuhlanganise pirates edume kunazo zonke. Emlandweni ifa Pargo namanje inqwaba namabala amhlophe. Naphezu kokuhlaselwa okukhulu ukucinga eside engcebweni pirate ka-Spanish ngakho akekho ezitholakele.