I-Canary Wilhelm Franz: i-biography kanye nesiphetho

UWilhelm Canaris uhlala engomunye wemibono ephikisana kakhulu emlandweni waseJalimane phakathi neMbuso Wesithathu. Ngenxa yamakhono akhe namakhono akhe, wavuka waya ekhanda lika-Abwehr (ubuhlakani bamaNazi). Nokho, wayengenelisekile noHitler, ngenxa yalokho ekugcineni waboshwa futhi wabulawa.

Isevisi ku-Navy

U-Canaris wazalwa ngo-1887, esifundeni samanje saseDortmund. Umfana wakhulela emndenini ojwayelekile kakhulu. Kusukela esemncane wayenesithakazelo ezindabeni zezempi. U-Canaris Wilhelm Franz, eba umuntu omdala, ngokushesha waya ebuthweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, i- Second Reich yahlakulela ngamandla amabutho ahlomile, ilungiselela ukunwetshwa.

Ngo-1905 umfana wase Canaris Wilhelm Franz waya e-navy. Ufunda e-Naval Cadet Corps e-Kiel. Ngemva kokuphothula iziqu, ukhonza ezinkantolo eziningana zempi futhi uhlanganyela emisebenzini yangaphandle (isibonelo, ekuvinjeni kweNingizimu Melika yaseVenezuela).

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, isikhulu sithola isikhundla sephetheli-lieutenant. Uyala ama-undermarines aseJalimane futhi uhlanganyela ekunikezeni kwabo ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu. Ukuncintisana kweCararis kwakunikezwa imiklomelo ehlukene. Ukufaka lezi kwakuyi-Iron Crosses ye-1 no-2 b grade.

Isikhulu seRiphabhulikhi ye-Weimar

Ngemuva kokudalwa kweRiphabhulikhi ye- Weimar, uWilhelm Franz Canaris (1887-1918 - isikhathi sokwakheka kwemibono nemigomo yakhe) uwela emlaqweni ophezulu wezimoto. Kwakunzima kakhulu empini yaseJalimane. NgokweSivumelwano SaseVersailles, uReich wayengenalo ilungelo lokuba nemikhumbi yamanzi. Ngenxa yalokhu, lo myalelo wakha inethiwekhi enkulu yama agent emhlabeni wonke futhi wakha imikhumbi endaweni yezwe lesithathu.

Enye into enjalo yayiyiJapane. Yilapho eyayivame ukuhamba khona iCanaris Wilhelm Franz, eyayihola ukwakhiwa kwezitsha ezivinjelwe emasangweni ombuso weRising Sun. Leli phoyisa laphinde lalandela imiyalo yezemikhumbi eSpain.

I-Canaris yayihlangene kakhulu naleli zwe eliseningizimu. Lapha uhlele ukuqeqesha abaqhubi bamaJalimane e-Afrika Morocco. Impumelelo yakhe yenza kube lula ukuqhubeka phambili enkonzweni. Ngesikhathi uHitler eqala ukubusa ngo-1933, i-Canaris yayisezintabeni zelabo ababenomsebenzi wabo okhuphuka. Ukuqokwa kwakhe kokuqala ngaphansi kohulumeni omusha kwakuyisiqhingi saseSwinemünde, lapho eba khona umphathi.

Isimo samaNazi

Nakuba uKararis Wilhelm Franz ngemfundo yakhe kwakungubuzalwane bomkhumbi, ubuhlobo obunesikhathi eside nama-ejensi ehlakaniphile emazweni ahlukahlukene awazange amdlulele ize. Ngo-1935 wamiswa njengenhloko ye-Abwehr, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa waba yi-Admiral yangemuva. Le nhlangano yayibophezele ukuhlonishwa emhlabeni jikelele.

UWilhelm Franz Canaris, obengakaze ahlotshaniswe neNazi Party, kwakungeyona into emangalisayo mayelana neFührer entsha. Izimpendulo ezihlelwe nguHitler, zamisa iqembu lakhe labaphathi bezempi eziphezulu abadala ukunyakaza kwama-Resistance. Ngokungafani nawo wonke amanye amaqembu aphikisayo, laba bantu babephethe izikhundla ezinamandla, okusho ukuthi babenezinsipho zangempela zokubeka izingcindezi eziphathimandla. I-Canaris yayinobudlelwane ngqo nabo.

Abwehr Head

Lapho kuqala iMpi Yezwe II, uWilhelm wayenomsebenzi omningi. Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe ephumelele kakhulu kwaba ukukholelwa kobuholi baseSoviet ukuthi impi neRaich ihlehliswa. Ngo-1941, i-USSR yayilungele ngokuphelele ukuhlasela okumangazwa yi-Wehrmacht. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu. U-Abwehr uzame ukuqinisa isitha ukuthi ubuholi bamaNazi bulungiselela ukuhlasela eBrithani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJoseph Stalin wenqaba ukukholelwa ekubikweni kwakhe kobuhlakani ukuthi iJalimane igxila emandleni amakhulu emngceleni. Lokhu kwadlala indima ebulalayo, lapho amaJalimane ehlasela insimu ye-USSR futhi athola isinyathelo sokuhlela. Kule mpumelelo, i-Wehrmacht inelungelo layo e-Canaris.

Nokho, esikhathini esizayo, wayengekho inhlanhla. Okokuqala, imisebenzi eminingi ye-Abwehr yaqala ukuhluleka. Le mizamo ayiphumelelanga ukuhlela ukuvuswa nokuqhudlana izingxabano eCaucasus, kanye nasemngceleni we-Afghanistan ne-India.

Okwesibili, amaGestapo aqala uphenyo ngokuqondene nokuhlakanipha. Kuboshwe izikhulu eziningi ze-Abwehr. Ngalesi simo, uHitler wamemezela ngo-1944 ukuthi uCararis Wilhelm Franz wayemhlala phansi. Waxoshwa endaweni yokugcina. Kwakuyi-opal, kodwa isikhulu esidumile sasisesevisi kahulumeni.

Ngenkathi u-intelligence wabuyiselwa kuma-SS, i-Canaris yaba isikhulu sabasebenzi sokuqhuba impi yezomnotho nokuhweba. Maphakathi noJulayi, waqaphela ukuzama ukubulala uHitler. Izikhulu, ezaziyingxenye yokuphikisa, zalungisa uhlelo ngokusho ukuthi i-Fuhrer izobulawa nini, futhi kuqhutshwa umbuso ezweni. I-Canaris yaziswa ngalokhu ngabasebenzi base-Abwehr ababekwaziswa ngokuqondile ngalolu cala. Iphoyisa ngokwabo alizange lihlanganyele kulesi sakhiwo.

Ukuboshwa nokuphenywa

NgoJulayi 20, umzamo ongaphumeleli wokubulala uHitler. Ukucindezeleka kwaqala. Kuboshwe amadoda amaningi asezingeni eliphakeme emasosha e-military and intelligence. Phakathi kwabo kwakunguCararis.

Uphenyo luphele izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngaphansi kwakhe kwakunguzo zonke izikhulu eziphethe ubuqhawe baseJalimane. UWilhelm Canaris akazange abambe iqhinga eliqondile. Noma kunjalo, idayari yakhe yatholakala, lapho akhuluma khona kabi ngoHitler. Lokhu akuzange kwengeze ekuzweleni kwakhe emehlweni amaGestapo.

Iziboshwa zathunyelwa ekamu lokuhlushwa laseClossenbürg. Lapha ngo-Ephreli 8, Canaris wagwetshwa ukufa, okwenzeka ngosuku olulandelayo.

Kulinganiselwa

Ubuntu bukaCararis bunokuhlola okungaqondakali phakathi kwamaJuda. Ucwaningo oluningi luqinisekisile ukuthi wayebandakanyekile ekuhlanguleni amaJuda angaba ngu-500 lapho engumongameli we-Abwehr. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona abagxeki bakaCararis abathi inhloli yaseJalimane inecala lokubulala amaJuda.

EJalimane, ummemezeli ohlazolekile, kanye nabanye abalungisa u-July 20, baba iqhawe lesizwe. Ekukhunjweni kwalaba bantu imigwaqo eminingi nezikhumbuzo ziye zaqanjwa kabusha.