I-arthropathy - iyini? Izimpawu nokuphathwa kwesifo

I-arthropathy ihlanganisa iqembu le-pathologies ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa nezimbangela. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukugula ngalesi sifo. Izinyathelo zokwelapha ngokuyinhloko zihloswe ekuqedeni isici esibangela isifo.

I-arthropathy - iyini?

Lezi zifo zinguquko ye-trophic yesibili ekuhlanganyeleni. Njengomthetho, kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo esithathelwanayo esandulele. I-arthropathy ibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezithile, ngakho odokotela bayayibona ngokushesha futhi banikeze ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngezigaba noma ngokuzumayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingahambisana nokukhwabanisa okungalindelekile nokukhipha. Eyisigabeni sezokwelapha, isifo esichazwayo sesaziwa ngokuthi yi-arthropathy yokusebenza. Kuyini lokhu, sizocabangela ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.

Ngokuvamile ukukhubazeka kuhambisana nesifo sikaSheyerman. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo samathambo singaqedwa kusuka ezinhlangothini ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu. Lesi sifo sifana naso kokubili abadala nabantwana. Nakuba izinguquko eziningi eziguqulwa ngamadolo zenzeka emadodeni angama-20-40 ubudala, okuholela ekuziphatheni okungahlelekile kanye nokushintsha njalo abalingani babo bocansi, ikakhulukazi abanegciwane lesandulela ngculazi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-arthropathy

Ukunqotshwa kwamalungu amadolo ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezithile:

• I-Dystrophic arthropathy. Kungenzeka uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-cartilage supply. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo senzeke kubantu asebekhulile ngenxa yezinguquko ezijwayelekile eziguquguqukayo kanye nezidakamizwa emzimbeni.
• I-arthritis esebenzayo. Ngalesi sifo, isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu emadolweni. Isisekelo sendlela yokuthuthukiswa kwayo yindlela yokusabela kwezicubu kanye ne-cartilage ezifweni ezihlukahlukene zesistimu: ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, i-oncology, i-leukemia, i-polyneuropathy noma i-syringomiaa.
• I-Pyrophosphate i-arthropathy. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ukugcoba kwe-calcium usawoti emzimbeni kuyaphazanyiswa, okubangela ukuba kube khona ukukhanya ukuhlala phezu kwendawo yokuqhafaza. Le nqubo ivela ngenxa ye-hypocalcemia, izifo ezingapheliyo, noma ukulimala kwangaphambili kwamadolo.
• I-arthropathy ye-Hereditary. Lesi sifo sidluliselwa ngofuzo, futhi singazibonakalisa ebuntwaneni.
• Ukuphefumula kwesifo sikashukela. I-pathology ethuthukisiwe ngenxa yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Kubuhlungu ikhono lomguli lokusebenza, futhi ngokuvamile lidala ukukhubazeka.
• Idiopathic arthropathy. Leli qembu lalihlanganisa nesifo samalungu amadolo, lapho okungazange kubonakale khona.
• Ukuphefumula kwengqondo. Lesi sifo sokuvuvukala kwamalungu omzimba ongapheli ngokuvamile sihambisana ne-psoriasis. Kodwa akubona bonke abantu abanalo ukuxilongwa abadala i-psoriatic arthritis.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zezinguquko ezihlangene ze-trophic

I-arthropathy - iyini? Umbuzo ofanayo manje uvela kubantu abaningi. Lesi sifo sithunyelwa eqenjini lezilonda zamakhemikhali ezizenzekelayo, ngamanye amazwi, sisondelene kakhulu nezifo zamasosha omzimba. Okuyinhloko yalezi zifo zokuzivikela ukuthi ngemuva kokuthola ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya emzimbeni, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela samasosha siqala "ukuphosa", sihlasele izicubu zayo.

Isizathu esenza ukuba i-arthropathy ibhekwe njengokungasebenzi kahle kwezakhi zofuzo. Uma umuntu enolwazi oluthile lwe-hertocompatibility gene, khona-ke amathuba okuba khona kwesifo esichazweyo akhula kaningi.

Kunezinye izimbangela zesifo. Isibonelo, ama-arthropathy amaningi ajwayele ukuhlaselwa ngenxa ye-chlamydia. Futhi lesi sifo sibonakala kaningi emadodeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo ezihlukahlukene zokuphefumula zingaholela ekuthuthukiseni izilonda zamathishu namalunga: i-bronchitis, i-laryngitis, i-tracheitis, nabanye.

Ngokuvamile imbangela ye-arthropathy yizifo ezitholakala emathunjini, ikakhulukazi isisu kanye nezifo ezifanayo. Ukunciphisa amalunga ngezinye izikhathi kubangelwa ukugoma noma ukwelashwa okungaphumelelanga ngemithi ye-immunological esekelwe kuma-antibodies.

Izimpawu zesifo

I-arthropathy, izimpawu zazo ezikwazi ukukhula ngendaba yamahora noma kwezinsuku, zenzeka ngokuqala nokuthuthukiswa. Kulokhu, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo okuhlangene kwenzeka, ngaphezu kwalokho, njengombuso, kukhona ukuphuma kwamanzi okuyizicucu ezakhiweni ezizungezile kanye nomgudu ohlangene. I-Edema ibonakala hhayi nje ngenxa yokwanda kwevolumu, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokukhula kwemigodi yamathambo.

Kumele kukhulunywe, ukukhuluma ngokutholakala kwe-"arthropathy", ukuthi lesi yisifo esingagcina ekuholela ekubhujisweni kwezicubu zomzimba noma amathambo. Kodwa, naphezu kwezinguquko ezikhulunywe ngazo, izinzwa ezinzima zobuhlungu, njengalawo wonke ama-pathologies ezinhlangothini zamadolo, azitholakali. Ngenkathi kwezinye izimo ku-X-ray, ngisho nezingcezu ze-cartilage namathambo esikhwameni esikwakhekile kubonakala.

Esihlanganyeleni esithintekile, ivolumu yokunyakaza ekuqaleni ilinganiselwe, kepha esikhathini esizayo, ngokubhujiswa okunzima, ukuhanjiswa akukhipha. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho amadolo angayeka ukwenza umsebenzi walo, okuholela ekukhubazekeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ngesifo esinjalo, izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka ezigulini, futhi lapho kuhlanganiswa, ukuzwela okubuhlungu kokuhluka okuhlukile kubonakala, kuye ngesiteji se-pathology. Isikhumba endaweni esithintekayo sishisa kulokhu okuthinta.

Isifo esichazwe singenziwa ngamafomu amancane, ajwayelekile noma aqinile. Esikhathini sokuqala, isiguli asuke esingahlupheki emgqeni, uhamba kalula futhi abuhlungu kuphela emithwalweni ephezulu. Ezikoleni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuqina komuntu ohlangene kuyanda, futhi ezimweni ezithuthukile umlenze ungase ungakwazi ukulawulwa ngokuphelele.

I-arthropathy yezingane ezihlangene emadolweni - kuyini?

I-arthropathy, ngeshwa, ayinayo iminyaka ethile, kwenzeka njalo ngeziguli ezincane, njengabantu abadala. Noma kunjalo, izizathu zalokho kwenzeka khona zihlukile kancane. Ezimweni eziningi, ushintsho ekuhlanganyeleni kwezingane kwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithile:

• I-allergenic pathologies, ikakhulu ngenxa yokudla kwemithi;
• I-borreliosis ephathekayo noma ibrucellosis;
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane - i-parotitis, i-rubella noma inkukhu;
• I-neuro-arthritic diathesis, eyenzeka ezinganeni ezinokuzwakalisa ukwethuka kokukhathazeka nokudonswa komzimba okuphazamisayo;
• Izifo zemithambo yegazi.

Ngokwezibalo, ama-arthropathy amaningi amalunga avela ezinzimbini ezincane ezineminyaka engu-10 nangaphezulu. Isifo esivela kuso siqhubeka cishe singenabuhlungu, okwenza ukuthi ukuxilongwa kunzima. Njengomthetho, uma amalunga ewonakele, izinga lokushisa kwengane likhuphuka futhi isimo sezempilo siba nzima, amadolo asakhathazeka kuphela lapho ehambela futhi, njengomthetho, adlula yedwa ekuphumuleni.

Ingozi ye-arthropathy ezinganeni nayo iwukuthi ingakwazi ukubola ngokushesha nokubhubhisa okuhlangene okungakaze kuvele kuze kube sekugcineni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezigulini ezincane kunesimo esikhethekile sesifo esihlangene - isifo samathambo esincane samantombazane. Lesi sifo sithatha iminyaka engaba ngu-16 kuphela. Ngalesi sifo, lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo zivamile: izimpethu esikhumbeni, izilonda zamantombazane, i-leukemia ne-fever high. Isizathu sokubonakala kwalesi sifo asikaziwa.

Kwezinye izimo, lolu hlobo lwe-arthritis ezinganeni ludlula lulodwa, futhi kwabanye ukubuyiswa kuza emva kwezinyanga ezingu-6-9 zokwelapha.

Izinyathelo zokuhlola

Ukwenza ucwaningo olunembile, umlando wesifo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuthola isimo kanye nesikhathi sokuqala kobuhlungu, ukutholakala kwezilonda ku-anamnesis, kanye ne- pathologies ehambelana ne- somatic, isibonelo, igciwane, isifo sikashukela noma isifo samathambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lochwepheshe uzodinga ulwazi mayelana nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa, izifo ezitholakalayo kanye nezimpawu ezijwayelekile.

Udokotela uyonquma ngosizo lwe-diagnostic ngokomzimba ukuba khona kwezwi eliyinkimbinkimbi, ubuhlungu bendawo endaweni yesondo elihlangene, kungenzeka ukuphakama kokunyakaza, ukuvuvukala noma ukuvuvukala kuyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcweti ingenza izivivinyo zokusebenza ukuze zibone ukungahlali kahle.

Isiguli kufanele sibhekane nezivivinyo zama-laboratory. Ukuthola inqubo yokuvuvukala, kwanele ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ucwaningo lwezinto eziphilayo luzosiza ekutholeni ukuphazamiseka kwamagciwane. Futhi ukuze unqume ukuthi umzimba unamakhemikhali aqondile kumathambo noma izifo zawo, anika ama-immunosorbent ahlobene ne-enzyme.

I-radiography yenziwa ukukhomba ama-osteophyte, ukuxhaswa, ukukhuliswa kwamajoyini, ukuncibilika kwezicubu zomzimba. Namanje sisebenzisa ikhompyutha ye-tomography kanye nokuhlonza amagnetic resonance. Uma kukhona ukusola kokuhlukanisa ukucindezeleka kokuhlukumezeka noma i-oncology, isithwebuli sethanga senziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-radioisotopes.

Izinyathelo zokwelapha

I-arthropathy, ukwelashwa okubandakanya ukuthatha imishanguzo ehlukene, ukuhamba kwezinqubo ze-physiotherapy kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo, kudinga isiguli ukuba nesineke nokunamathela ngokuqinile emiyalweni yongcweti. Lapho ukhetha amaqhinga okwelashwa, indlela yakhe yokubhekana nesiguli ngasinye kunesidingo.

Ukwelapha i-arthropathy kuqala ngemithi ehlose ukuqeda ukuvuvukala nokutheleleka kwe-chlamydial, okungase kuqhubekise ukubonakala kwe-pathology. Abantu abanalo ukuxilongwa banqunywa izidakamizwa ezingezona i-steroid ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala okuhlangene. Okuvamile kulo muthi yi-Ibuprofen, uDiclofenac, uPiroxicam noNaplofen. Kodwa ukusebenzisa okungalawuleki kwalezi zidakamizwa kungabangela ukubonakala kwesifo sofuba.

Uma ekwelapheni kwe-arthropathy, izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroid azizisi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukushintsha imithi ye-glucocorticoid. Okuphumelela kakhulu kulokhu "yi-Methylprednisolone" noma "i-Prednisolone." Futhi ukugwema izilonda, i-dyspepsia nezinkinga ezihlobene nokuthatha imithi engeyona i-steroidal, kufanele uthathe i- "Misoprostol" noma "i-Famotidine."

Lapho ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotic kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini lama-fluoroquinol kanye nama-macrolides, kanye nochungechunge lwe-tetracycline: "Minocycline", "Spiramycin", "Ofloxacin" nabanye. Isikhathi sokwelashwa okungenani inyanga. Kodwa ukuqeda ngokuphelele i-chlamydia, ngaphezu kwemithi elwa namagciwane, kutuswa ukuthatha imithi ehlose ukubuyisela i-microflora yamathumbu: i-Acipol, i-Lactobacterin, i-Linex noma i-Bifiform.

Uma kunesidingo, sebenzisa futhi ugaye umjoqo wesiguli ukuze ufake izindlela zokugcoka futhi ususe i-exudate. Abantu abahlukunyezwa ngamagciwane ezinamazinyo namagolo ngokuvamile baqokelwe kule njongo ngokuthi "DiPisan".

Ukusetshenziswa kokwelapha kwendawo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-dimethyl sulfoxide, kanye nama-anti-inflammatory creams namafutha: i-Dolgit, i-Fastum gel, i-Diclofenac. Ukuvela emangqamuzaneni emangcwabeni kanye nezinguquko zesikhumba ezingaguquguquki, njengoba umthetho, ukwelashwa okukhethekile akudingi.

I-Physiotherapy yokulimala okuhlangene

Uma lesi sifo sidlulile esigabeni sokuhlukumeza, khona-ke ukwelapha okuyinhloko kuhlanganiswa nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukusikhipha umzimba kanye nezinqubo ezihlukahlukene. Okuphumelela kakhulu kule simo yilokhu:

• I-Electrophoresis;
• Izinhlelo zeparafini;
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Laser;
• Magnetotherapy;
• I-ultraviolet irradiation.

Ukuqondiswa kwezimali

Iziguli eziye zahlaselwa yi-rheumatologist noma isazi sezinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele baqashwe ngokucophelela emtholampilo nasesibhedlela zonke izinsuku ezingu-60. Isibikezelo se-arthritis esebenzayo isesimweni esihle kakhulu futhi sinethemba elikhulu.

Isikhathi sesifo ngokuvamile siyizinyanga ezintathu, kodwa kwezinye iziguli zingangena efomeni elingapheli ngezibonakaliso zemitholampilo zomonakalo emangcwabeni, amehlo, amalunga nesikhumba.

Indlela yokugwema ukuphefumula kwamanzi

Kubalulekile ukuqala i-prophylaxis ye-pathology echazwe kusukela ebuntwaneni. Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwamathambo asebenzayo , umntwana kufanele aphathwe ngendlela efanele ngesikhathi esifanele zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo, awukwazi ukuqala izinqubo zodwa. Futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela kuze kube yilapho kutholakala ngokugcwele.

Endaweni yokuhlala kuyo kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukujikelezwa okuvamile kwemoya nomswakama, futhi nokugcina uhlanzekile. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlanzeka komuntu siqu. Izilwane ezifuywayo kufanele futhi zigeze njalo, zisebenzisa ama-shampoos akhethekile.

Uma kukhona ukusola kokuqala kwe-arthropathy, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphelele kuphela ukuxilongwa okunembile nokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kunqunywe. Uma ukwesaba kuqinisekiswa, khona-ke kubalulekile ukugcina i-rheumatologist futhi ulandele ngokuphelele izincomo zakhe.