I-Arson ye-Reichstag

I-Reichstag iyiPhalamende lokuqala eMbusweni waseJalimane. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwanamuhla, kwakunezakhiwo eziningana eLeipziger Straße eBerlin.

Ngo-1933, ngoFebruwari 27, umlilo weReichstag wawushiswa ngomlilo. Ubufakazi bomlando bubonisa ukuthi lokhu kwakushukunyiswa amaNazi. Kodwa-ke, amaKhomanisi athiwa amacala. Ama-propaganda amaNazi aphefumulela izixuku ukuthi umgoqo weReichstag wawuyisibonakaliso sokuqala kwezinguquko kumaKhomanisi, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenta kanye nesidingo sokuboshwa okubanzi.

Ngosuku olulandelayo lesi sigameko, kwasungulwa isimemezelo, okwamisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezihloko zomthethosisekelo ezihlinzeka ngenkululeko yomuntu siqu, ilungelo lokuzihlanganisa, inkululeko yabezindaba, ukungahambi kahle kwempahla kanye nezindlu zangasese, kanye nokufihla kokuxhumana. Kanye nalokhu, isigwebo sokufa satholwa ngokuhlukunyezwa kuhulumeni.

Cishe ngo-10 kusihlwa ngoFebruwari 27, ikholi engaziwa yafika emaphoyiseni. Abangaziwa ukuthi ukwakhiwa kweReichstag kwakushisa.

Lapho kufika abacimi bomlilo, lesi sakhiwo sasivutha umlilo. Ngemva kwesikhashana, uGoebbels noHitler bafika. UGoering, naye wafika ngokushesha, watshela uHitler ukuthi ukushiswa kweReichstag kwenziwa ngamakomunisi.

Ngokudlulela isakhiwo, amaphoyisa akhubeza indoda ephikweni elingeningizimu, ehamba nqunu. Wenza umqondo wokuthi wayengajwayelekile ngokomqondo. Ngesikhathi esesha futhi eboshwa, akazange akwenze. Ngokusho kwepasipoti ayitholile, ibizo lakhe linguMarinus Van der Lubbe. Wayengumfundisi waseNetherlands, wayengasebenzi.

Kamuva, u-Ernst Togler waboshwa, esinye sezikhulumi ezithandwa kakhulu zamaKhomanisi, inhloko yebhokisi lamaKhomanisi eReichstag. Wabonakala emaphoyiseni ngokuzithandela ukuze asho imibono yakhe ngalokho okwakwenzekile.

Ngomhlaka-9 Mashi, abanye abantu abathathu baboshwa, ababeseJalimane ngamaphepha amanga. Babenjalo: UGeorgi Dmitrov (inhloko ye-Western European Comintern Underground) nezakhamuzi zaseBulgaria Vasil Tanev noBlagoi Popov.

Bonke ababoshiwe, ngaphandle kukaVan der Lubbe, balahle noma yikuphi ukubandakanyeka kulesi sigameko. Noma kunjalo, bonke babonakala njengabaphikisi enqubo yeLeipzig. U-Van der Lubbe ugwetshwe ukufa futhi wanqunywa ikhanda emgodini.

Naphezu kokuthi amaNazi aqhuba umkhankaso we-propaganda owanele, akukho eJalimane, ngisho nasemhlabeni wonke akekho owayengabaza ukuthi umcibisholo weReichstag wawungeyona indaba yamaKhomanisi, kodwa wamaNazi.

Kamuva, amaqiniso amaningi kanye nemininingwane yalolu daba yavulwa. I-Rall, isigebengu eboshwe kwelinye icala, kusho uphenyo ngokuthi, njengesikhulu sezokuphepha somunye wabaholi beSA Carl Ernst, wabamba iqhaza kulo mcimbi ngoFebhuwari 27. Ubike imininingwane encane yokuhlasela kwe-arson. Ngokusho kobufakazi bakhe, u-Ernst wabiza iqembu labantu abaye bafundiswa ukuba basebenzise umlilo. Cishe ngo-10 kusihlwa, bangena esakhiweni seReichstag emiphongolweni yangasese bahlakaza ingxube ye-incendiary nxazonke. Ngemva kwalokho, abantu babuyela eNdlini kaMongameli. Ngalokhu, kwenziwa umsebenzi wokwakha iVan der Lubbe esakhiweni, okungenzeka ukuthi kwakusezidakamizwa.

U-Goering, ngemuva kokufakaza kukaRall, wacela i-Diels (iphini likaPhini) ukuthi livimbele uphenyo futhi lisuse yonke imiphumela engenzeka kule nkinga. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, isidumbu seRall sitholakale. Futhi kamuva, abanye ababambe iqhaza emgodini baqedwa.

Namuhla iReichstag iyisikhungo sezombusazwe eJalimane. Esikhathini esithile esidlule kwakuyisibonakaliso sokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlangothi zaseNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga zezwe. Kuzakhamuzi eziningi zaseRussia, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uSoviet Army unqobe ama-fascists, njengoba kuboniswa imibhalo eqhubekayo eReichstag eyenziwe amasosha aseSoviet.