Hawk isikhova: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Hawk isikhova - indlovukazi emahlathini engxenyeni esenyakatho-Eurasia, ku emikhawulweni eKamchatka futhi oLwandle Okhotsk. It engomunye wabayishumi izinyoni zasendle esiyinqaba ezizweni eziningi kubhekwa uphawu ukuhlakanipha nolwazi.

ukubukeka

izici eziningi ukuhlukanisa lolu hlobo kusuka ezinye izikhova. igama hawk wayo isikhova lithole i zifana yayo hawk, okuyinto waveza hhayi kuphela ukubukeka kodwa futhi ukuziphatha nemikhuba. Bird yobukhulu medium, isisindo sayo ingeqi 380 Inhloko encane nokukhanya eyethile kancane kakhulu isicaba ebusweni disc, ipeni "izindlebe 'kuso kukhona. Amehlo kanye umlomo wenyoni ophuzi. namaphiko angaba 70-80 cm. Izinsikazi ubukhulu efanayo abesilisa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kunezindlela emikhulu. Izinyawo nge izimpiko black embozwe amaphiko kuhle obukhulu.

Umbala esisitholayo konsundu nge izilongotshane elikhanyayo ngemuva, entanyeni nasemahlombe. I ukuxegiselwa ebusweni esiswini nasesifubeni has umdwebo evelele transverse. Nadhvoste kancane alula kakhulu emuva. Kukholakala ukuthi ngeminyaka iba ukuxegiselwa hawk isikhova. Izithombe nezincazelo zalezi zinyoni akuvumele ubone ukuthi indikimba akhona ukukhanya nobumnyama streaks, Crappie nemidwa sifihle isikhova ngaphansi amagxolo birch. Ngenxa yalesi ibizwa ngokuthi kuya isikhova umbala birch.

izindawo

Amahlathi engxenyeni enkulu yeNyakatho Melika, ehlathini strip eYurophu nase-Asia, eRussia emaphakathi naseSiberia - indawo lapho le nyoni uncamela isidleke. Ngaphansi ezivamile uhele isikhova ku Tien Shan, eMongolia, Sakhalin futhi Primorye.

Ehlathini, ihlathi emathafeni - izindawo eziningi ozithandayo amalulwane. Baqale bahlala sonwele riverine emahlathini ezikhulayo kanye azungezwe we emaxhaphozini ezinkulu, nomaphi eziningi izinkuni izimila coniferous. Ngokuvamile, lezi zinyoni isidleke ezindaweni ezivulekile lilokhu, ukusha ubudala. ukukhahlamezeka kwendawo Izintandokazi ezintabeni nesigodi kuthiwa ehla evela ezintabeni emifuleni kanye nezimfunda okuphathelene nomngcele.

Izindlela ukuze kutholwe amalulwane

A ezimali egcwele isikhova hawk kuyinto ngempela olukhohlisayo, t. Ukuze. Ngenxa yalesi umzila ufuna ulichithe sezwe exhaphozini futhi kunzima. Nge ukudlula lezi zindawo ungadlala umculo ememeza kwabesifazane nabesilisa ngenjongo ukuhlanganiswa kangcono.

Ngo inqubo ukusesha eziqongweni kahle zihlolwe futhi ozwakala izihlahla ephukile. Indlela elula bafeze lo msebenzi ngesikhathi lapho neze kwamazinyane fly aphume esidlekeni futhi zitholakala eduze amagatsha emithi kanye iziqu liwile.

Winter kungaba avelele eqhweni izinyathelo kwesokunxele isikhova. Yehluka iminonjana nabanye abameleli lokhu komkhaya mancane amathuba okuba evelele X emise. Ngenxa pubescence enamandla isidladla yezicathulo, uyaphuma isikhova hawk eqhweni, usongene. Lapho ukutshala ngaphezu nokuncane nomsila.

ukudla okuyisisekelo

Okuphakelayo lezi izikhova okungcono sidla amagundane amancane. Ngezinye izikhathi baba yizisulu nezinyoni. Ngokuyinhloko hawk isikhova lokubanjwa namagundane (lemmings, vole obomvu-wasekela). Ucwaningo eyenziwa ngabasebenzi we Kandalaksha Reserve, wabonisa ukuthi isikhathi iqhwa-mahhala nestling ukudla abangamaphesenti angu-98 kulezi zilwane. Futhi iningi - a vole. Esikhathini zithutha kwesokunxele izinyoni, wathola ngisho izinsalela amaxoxo. Emahlathini zaseFinland Norway, izifundo ezifanayo kuye kwabonisa nokuthi ingxenye enkulu ekudleni hawk Izikhova namagundane, nezinyoni sabelane uzwakalise kancane kuka ngephesenti elilodwa.

Futhi kuphela nobusika hawk isikhova kuzingelwa ikakhulukazi izinyoni. Endaweni yokuqala - kuba le intendele, emhlophe grouse futhi passerine encane abamele.

ukuzingela

Akukhona nje ukubukeka, kodwa futhi ukuziphatha isikhova kuyafana hawk. It kuzingelwa ikakhulukazi emini, ngezinye izikhathi kuhwelela. Njengezinye eziningi Izinyoni ezidla inyama abahlala emahlathini, isikhova ucosha isivinini, okwenza njalo ukubhakuzisa amaphiko ayo, bese aziphonse namanje ngokuya phambili.

Can kungalindelekile emthini omkhulu, futhi ngesivinini okwesikhathi ezindizayo isikhashana akuyona esingaphansi amamitha angamakhulu, evele ikhuphuka isipele. Ngezinye izikhathi, i-flying eduze phansi, liyaphenduka ngokusebenzisa iphiko netshe uwela phansi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngokukhulu ukushesha kangangokuba ungakwazi kuphela ubone ukuthi sihlezi kakade nge inyamazane hawk isikhova.

Incazelo kanjani umhlaseli ibheka inyamazane yayo, kuyafana imikhuba uklebe. Umcebo landscape evulekile, isikhova nje kuthé cwaka, elunguze. It livame ukusetshenziswa njengenhlangano okuthunyelwe observation engenabantu ukuma izihlahla ezifile. Sibheka eduze ezinhlangothini komakhelwane for isigamu sehora, yena izimpukane kwesinye isihlahla.

lokushutheka

ngokumitha kwemihlambi ngaphakamisa sikhathi, uklebe isikhova iqala ngoMashi. Ngo-April, yena ulungiselela indawo amaqanda, noma sebenzisa i-isidleke lokhu omunye omdala. Ngokuvamile isikhova kuthatha agcwalise zemvelo, elise ngokuvamile sonwele noma zikaphayini, futhi emachibini eliphezulu kakhulu - isilinganiso 14-15 amamitha. Ngokuvamile-ke izidleke eziqongweni oblomyshey, ukuyohlala Arch izimbotshana. Izinyoni ukugcina ibanga phakathi Slots kusuka amakhilomitha omunye eziyisikhombisa, kuye ngokuthi kwabantu iqembu.

Ngo-April-May, Insikazi ibekela amaqanda. Isilinganiso kuyinto amaqanda 4-5 bamba ngayinye. Ngo nenkathi ocebile namagundane murine, inombolo yabo ongafinyelela afinyelela ku kweshumi. Amaqanda bavela mayelana 35 kuya 40 mm. Hawk Owl ku esidlekeni liziphatha ngobudlova. Ngokushesha uzizwe ukubukeka othile osondelene, yena uqala ekhamuluka kakhulu, flying bengonozulane, futhi uma kwenzeka ingozi, i-kwabesifazane nabesilisa ngenkuthalo ukuvikela esidlekeni, umlomo wenyoni ukubabulala ikhanda wesitha.

amaphuphu

Bayashintshana ekufukameleni ihlala isikhathi esingangenyanga, futhi kakade zikhona izingane emhlabeni ngo-June. ngubo sabo sokuqala fluff ezimhlophe, okuyinto kancane kancane iba grey enyakaza feathering. Ku-disc amnyama ebusweni ivelele amashiya elimhlophe kanye nombala ofanayo side izindawo isiyingi ngaphansi kwamehlo. izindawo Black elise emhlabeni iso, ufane ngaphezu umlomo.

Ngesikhathi esalinde ukufika abazali, ehlezi amaphuphu isidleke ezishisa kakhulu zikhipha izinhlayiyana uhlobo ntswininiza hoshozela. Ngemva kwamasonto angu-3, sebenalo cishe izimpaphe efanayo isikhova omdala uklebe, isithombe esihle kubonisa ikakhulukazi umbala yayo. Esinye embi ukukwazi ukundiza, amaphuphu eside ahlale phezu amagatsha emhlabeni isidleke, khuluma ngaso elifanayo umsindo ikhwela.

Lapho izikhova ezincane kumaka ngenyanga, bakwazi ukundiza ngebanga yabo-20 kuya ku-30 metres. Kodwa kwadlula isikhathi eside, abazali bayaqhubeka banakekele abasha, ehlasela ngokungesabi ubani yabo ubani ongalokotha ukuza kubo noma nini. Noma kunjalo, sikhale okumatasa zabo, okusho ukuthi isiginali ingozi, ephoqa intsha ziphela endaweni ikholomu. Abazali nakho kunikeza ukukhala isibindi. ukuphila Independent izikhova ezincane iqala emhlabeni Septhemba.

ngokwempilo yangenyama eliphezulu kakhulu sivikele amachwane alo antekenteke. Ngisho ne enkulu Nzalo amvikele has izinyoni ngokuvamile abangeqile kwabathathu. Ezindaweni eziningi, kakade on the esengozini ukuqothulwa hawk isikhova. IRed Encwadi Urals Ephakathi, esifundeni eMoscow nakwezinye izifunda yalolu hlobo zihlanganisa izikhova, kanye nabanye, abadinga ukuvikelwa kwezilwane.