Hamster ejwayelekile: incazelo, okuqukethwe kanye nezithombe

Mhlawumbe wonke umuntu uyazijwayela namagundane enhle njengo hamsters. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zazo, futhi zihlala ngokugcwele nabantu njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Kodwa i-hamster ayiyona evamile, njengabazala bayo basekhaya, uhluke kakhulu kubo.

Incazelo yesilwane

Loluhlobo lwe-hamster lubhekwa njengowokukhulu kunabo bonke okwakwaziwa manje. Umzimba wesilwane esikhulile ngokulingana ukhula ufike ku-30 cm futhi unokwakha okunamandla. Le "grey" isisindo esingamakhilogremu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu. Umsila ufinyelela kumasentimitha angu-4-6, kanti ubukhulu besisekelo bese ubhekisela endle, ehlanganiswe nezinwele ezincane ezinzima. Imigqa yesilwane imfushane futhi ifinyelela ukuhambisa ukunyakaza. Izindlebe zakhe zincane. I-hamster evamile (i-Cricetus cricetus) inezikhwama ezikhethekile zamahlathi ezingafaka cishe ama-gramu angu-50 okusanhlamvu.

Umbala wesilwane

Isilwane sinesikhumba esihle esinemibala eminingi. Umbala obomvu obomvu, isifuba nesisu esiswini. Amapayipi, impumulo, izihlathi nezindawo eziningana ezinhlangothini - ezimhlophe. Kuye indawo yokuhlala, ithoni yayo ingaba lula noma imnyama. Ngesinye isikhathi kunezilwane ezingenamnyama ezimhlophe noma ezimhlophe noma zimsundu. Abaningi bayavuma ukuthi i-hamster evamile yinhle kakhulu kumalungu omndeni wayo. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yobumnandi obukhanyayo, uzingelwa ngezinja ezikhethekile.

Iphi i-hamster ehlala kuphi?

Ngokujwayelekile ubukhulu be-hamster buxhomeke endaweni okuhlala kuyo. Ungamhlangabeza eningizimu yeYurophu, ikakhulukazi endaweni ye-steppe. Uhlala naseNyakatho Kazakhstan naseNtshonalanga Siberia. Yiqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi i-hamster evamile iyena ensimini entsha, ngisho nasemadolobheni. Ukhetha ukulungisa izivande zemifino noma amasimu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uyaphila.

Indlela yokuphila

Ezinye izinto eziningi ziyazi ukuthi i-hamster iyisilwane esincane. Ungumphathi omuhle osebenze lonke ihlobo. Ngomnyaka ka-Agasti, uqala ukwenza izimpahla zomhlaba wonke ukuba azibonele ukudla konke ebusika nasentwasahlobo. Ukuze ulondoloze imikhiqizo, i-hamster evame ukumba imigodi ende yobude obuhlukile. Iinezifundo eziningi namakamelo aklanyelwe ngokwehlukile esidlekeni, ezinqolobaneni ezinqolobaneni, egumbini lokubanda, ekamelweni lokulala, ekamelweni lokudlela. Ngqikithi, ubude bawo bonke amakhansela ayo kungaba ngamamitha angu-8. Zonke amakhamera zijulile ngokwanele ukuthi akukho okwenzekayo ku-frost ngendwangu yesilwane. Ngesinye isikhathi i-hamster ejwayelekile ingaba nomcibisholo we-gopher futhi uhlale lapho. Ngaphandle kokuqoqa izimpahla, isilwane sisebenza ukuthi siqapha ukuhlanzeka kwesitshalo sayo futhi siyayishintsha njalo. Lapho kuqala amaqhwa, izilwanyana zezilwane, ngezikhathi ezithile zivusa ukuze zivuselele.

Lesi silwane sinobudlova futhi asibekezelelanga indawo yezihlobo. Uma enye i-hamster ingena endaweni yayo, ingamlwela. Kuyaziwa ukuthi, ngokuvikela umnyango womcibisholo walo, lokhu "okungahambi kahle" kungahlasela hhayi izilwane ezidliwayo kuphela, kodwa ngisho nomuntu, kanti ngenkathi ikwazi ukulimaza kabi. Kodwa, naphezu kwesibindi esinjalo, lesi silwane singafa, sibe yisisulu se-ferret, i-fox noma i-feather eyodwa. Uyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha futhi agxume kakhulu, kepha uma ezolile, uhamba kancane kancane. Ngokuyinhloko, i-hamster iqala ukuqhuma futhi ishiye i-mink kuphela ngokufika kokuhlwa. Ekuseni uya endaweni yokukhosela. Lapho uchitha lonke usuku lwakhe i-hamster evamile. Isithombe ngezansi sibonisa isilo sokuphumula emgodini.

Ukulinganisa

Isilwane singadla ukudla okuhlukahlukene, kodwa isidlo sayo esiyinhloko yisidlo semifino. Ekudleni kwakhe kukhona amakhambi, ama-peas, ama-corn, izimbali, ummbila, i-alfalfa, imbewu nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Kodwa ngesinye isikhathi, ngeke anqabe ukudla izinambuzane noma izinambuzane. Izisulu zalo zingaba amaxoxo, izilonda, izinkukhu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amagundane. Ngendlela yokwakheka kwe-autumn hamsters iqala ukubeka isitoreji ngokudla ukudla, okuyinto abayithwala emasakeni abo, ebabambe nge-paws. Ekuqaleni kwebusika, igumbi lesitolo lesilwane ligcwele inani elikhulu lezilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nembewu (kusuka ku-500 g kuya ku-25 kg). Ngakho-ke, ukuzinakekela, i-hamster ejwayelekile ikhetha ukuhlala eduze nomhlaba wezolimo. Okumangalisa ukuthi le "master" itholakala emigodini yamagumbi okugcina, lapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusanhlamvu zafakwa khona ngokwehlukana.

Ngezinye izikhathi ensimini eyodwa kukhona izihlobo eziningi, okuholela ekuswelekeni kokudla. Ngakho-ke, i-hamster ejwayelekile ingahamba kwezinye izindawo. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka okunjalo , ngisho nemifula ayesabi ngesilwane , njengoba ihlula kalula.

Isikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha

Njengoba sekufika entwasahlobo, i-hamster ishiya imbobo yasebusika bese ihamba isesha isifazane. Emgodini walo, angakhubeka phezu komphikisi, okuzolwa naye ngempela. Ngemuva kokunqoba, ubeka umgodi bese ulinda imvume yowesifazane. Ngemva kokuthola okufunayo, i-hamster ihamba ekhaya. Emasontweni amathathu emva kwalesi mhlangano, kuvela i-brood, lapho kungase kube khona izindlalifa ezingu-4 kuya kwezi-20. I-hamster ngayinye inesisindo esingama-5 amagremu, futhi ngesonto lesibili livule amehlo, futhi umzimba uyaba nesihe. Uma leyo nzalo isengozini, umama uyamyisa endaweni elithule emasakeni ahloselwe ukudla.

Ngemva kwenyanga, izingane zizimele futhi ziphoqeleka ukuba zisuke esidlekeni sazo. Njengoba ekhululekile ekubeni ngumama, owesifazane usekulungele ukuthatha le ndoda futhi. Ngenkathi eyodwa, isilwane singaba nambili noma amathathu, kanti ngezinye izikhathi kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu zemithi. I-hamster evamile iyavuthwa yizinyanga ezintathu, ngakho ekupheleni kwehlobo, inzalo encane ingaba nezingane zayo.

Ubudlelwano nabantu

Abantu bathanda ukuqala ekhaya izilwane ezihlukahlukene ezihle. Kodwa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu ukuba isilwane sibe u-hamster ovamile. Incazelo yokuphila kwakhe ibonisa ukuthi lesi silwane sidinga inkululeko futhi ayithandi umphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ngoba okuqukethwe kumaseli kuthathwe ezinye izinhlobo. Ngaphandle kokuhlukunyezwa kwayo (ekuthunjweni, ukukhwabanisa akusho kanjalo), lesi silo sihlukile ngoba sibekezelela izifo, isibonelo, i-encephalitis. Kodwa abanye abantu basenqume ukuba nesilwane esincane esinjalo. Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi akasoze ahlambalaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungase kube nobunzima lapho, lapho kuqala entwasahlobo, isilwane siyoba nesidingo semvelo, futhi kuyodingeka sibuke idizi. Amanye ama-specimens akwazi ukuzala ekuthunjweni. Ukuphila kwe- hamster kungu-8 iminyaka.

Ngendlela yayo i-Cricetus cricetus yiyona kuphela emele. Yiqiniso, kusekhona izilwane eziningi zomndeni wama hamsters. Kodwa ngokungafani nezihlobo zabo ezinamahloni, ngubani ongaqothulwa, lokhu akusiyo ekhaya futhi okuhle kunakho konke uzizwa ukhululekile. Le hamster yaqala ukuchazwa usosayensi ngo-1774.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezindaweni eziningi lesi silo siyizinambuzane eziba izitshalo zamasiko, ngakho-ke kuncike ekubhujisweni okuhlosiwe. Kodwa ijubane elikhulu lokukhiqiza kwalo lifakazela ukuthi isilwane asengozini yokuqedwa. Futhi lesi silo sisetshenziswa njengesilwane se-laboratory.