EW eziyinkimbinkimbi "Khibiny": kusho imishini. EW "Khibiny" - kuyini?

Modern ubuchwepheshe ezempi kuyinto engacabangeki ngaphandle kokusebenzisa yasakazwa okungenzeka zikagesi. Radars, radars, isiqondiso kusho ngenjongo ... Konke lokhu impi yesimanje kubaluleke kakhulu. Akumangalisi ukuthi onjiniyela yasekhaya ngazama njalo ukuthuthukisa indlela ephumelelayo yokuvimbela umsakazo ezingaba isitha. Kwaba njalo Reb "Khibiny".

ulwazi oluyisisekelo

Ukusetshenziswa okuxubile eziyinkimbinkimbi, eyenzelwe ukufakwa ku izindiza ubuchwepheshe, yasungulwa ngo-R & D "Khibiny" e Kaluga. umklami Chief wamiswa njengombonisi unjiniyela abanamakhono Aleksandr Semenovich Yampolsky.

Ngo-USSR emkhakheni Jamming esisebenzayo kuqala okubhekiswe ucwaningo kusukela ngo-1977. Kakade ngo-1984, umsebenzi kuholele ekudalweni kwendoda nowesifazane bokuqala impi kagesi "Khibiny", ebihlelwe ekuqaleni elakhelwe ukufakwa kwi izindiza Su-34. Ngo-1990, ngaphambi nje kokuba kokuwa SSSSR, amamodeli lokuqala kakade lidlule ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa ngaphakathi ikhomishana isimo wadala ngokukhethekile. Naphezu ngokuwa isimo futhi zonke ubunzima isikhonzi, ngo 90s maphakathi nawo 'kwaba iziqukathi siphelile ekuthuthukiseni eyinkimbinkimbi.

Lokho ngokuvamile EW "Khibiny"? indima Its main - ivikela izindiza esebenzisa missile namarokhethi "emoyeni-air", angasetshenziswa by pilot isitha. Ingqikithi yesenzo sakhe - okusithiyayo of homing yalezi zikhali izinhlelo ngokubeka Jamming.

ukuhlolwa

ukuhlolwa kwabo ezihlelelwe ekupheleni 1995. amasampula kokuhlola State abangu ngaphansi kakhulu ukushintshwa, lapho amaphutha amaningi onobuhle zangaphambilini isilungisiwe. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, ubuthakathaka ezithile sezihlonziwe ngalesi sikhathi. Futhi ngakho round lokugcina ukuhlolwa wethulwa kuphela ekupheleni Agasti 1997. Entwasahlobo ka-2004 EW "Khibiny" yagcina ezamukelwe ngu Russian Lasemoyeni, ngokujoyina uhlelo isikhali ukuze Su-34.

Ngo-August 2013, ke yasayina isivumelwano esibalulekile, amabhizinisi yasekhaya kuyodingeka ngaphansi okufanele ifakwe imishini cishe wonke amamodeli izindiza we Su-34 nezinye amasampula ukuthi ubuchwepheshe kungathatha izikhali ezinjalo olwandle. Inani elilinganiselwe umsebenzi - ruble abangaphezu kwengxenye bhiliyoni. Kusolwa ukuthi esikhathini esizayo EW eziyinkimbinkimbi "Khibiny" ogibele Su-30M kanye imishini efanayo.

umlando prototypes

Isakhiwo prototypes yokuqala wahlanganisa iyunithi obhekene nokugcina amaza zamanje esetshenziswa (Model TS). Ikhipha khona iphathwa amabhlogo ethuthukisiwe ukubambezeleka digital isignali chip "A". Kulesi block yasetshenziswa yezingxenye yakamuva "ingqamuzana" chungechunge. Kusukela ngo-1984, laba izingxenye "Khibiny" ithuthukiswe ngendlela ehlukile ucwaningo nezikhungo, njengoba yobuningi bomsebenzi wawumkhulu kakhulu inkampani eyodwa. Ngokuhamba emgqeni isignali ukubambezeleka ibuyekezelwe 'A-M. "

Ukusebenza abameleli Sukhoi Design Bureau

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isampula lokuqala olusemthethweni okuhambisana ngokugcwele umsebenzi lobuchwepheshe, umane lingatholi the linezingxenye indiza. Ukuze ugweme amaphutha anjalo esikhathini esizayo, nabaqambi waqala sebenzisana eduze ne Sukhoi Design Bureau ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Manje wonke umsebenzi "Hibino" babenezinkinga ngu V. Kryuchkov.

izindiza lokuqala

Ngo-1990, i- "indiza" isampula wokuqala wadlulisela zonke izigaba kokwamukelwa kwemfundiso State, kokuba ngokomthetho ofanele for ukufakwa on ukulwa izindiza, eziqhutshwa eSoviet Air Force. Isethi sesibili elakhelwe ukufakwa yesiqukathi ensikeni L-175B futhi yenzelwe kuphela ukufakwa ku onobuhle eziningi bomlilo Su umndeni. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, indiza nale imishini abagibele indiza sokuqala senzeka ngo-1995.

Waqala kanjalo-ke esigabeni sokuqala sokugcina ukwamukelwa ukuhlolwa. Kakade 1997, Ramenskoye Su-34 nge L-175B efakwe esitsheni ngempumelelo yandiza futhi kwenziwe zonke izinto test, okuye lalibekwe phambi Abaklami eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ngokushesha kwaba sobala ukuthi lesi simo esinzima sezomnotho ezweni akusho ngokushesha ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa Su-34 entsha eliningi eyanele kanye ngokwabo iziqukathi L-175B akuyona ukuthi elula ukuze kuhlaliswe electronic impi eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke waqala ukuthuthukisa inguqulo entsha "Khibiny" ukuze kuvikeleke eqenjini lilonke ndiza. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi lokhu ukuguqulwa eyinkimbinkimbi izosetshenziselwa amaqembu nokuvikeleka ekuhlaseleni kanye ningatholakala omasha ikhava Echelon.

Umklamo izakhi eziningi liye kakhulu lula, okuyinto kakhulu ukunciphisa izindleko lonke eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngalesi sikhathi EW langena iziqukathi U1 U2. I engavamile emisha enjalo kwakuwukuthi yokusebenza ukuvama kwazo okuhambisana ngokuphelele ukuthi we "Khibiny". Empeleni, kwaba eliphezulu amandla omoya engasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukwandisa amandla isizinda eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngisho target isiqu.

Okunye iziqukathi

Esikhathini pair lesibili kwakubhalwe iziqukathi imodeli SH1 futhi W0. Lokho banayo ibanga omsakazo, kakhulu kwesama kusukela "Khibiny" kuyinkimbinkimbi main. Basebenzisa ehlukile ngokuphelele kusukela ukulawula komzali logic ngakhoke ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa jammer, uhlobo iyashelela. Mhlawumbe, ngemva ubunye yonke intuthuko kule nsimu futhi iqoqo impi electronic "Khibiny" ML-265 yadalwa.

Kulesi ukuguqulwa, kukhona kungenzeka ngokusebenzisa eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvamile ngaphandle iziqukathi. Ngakho, imishini Su-35 okuhlanganiswe ngqo airframe. Ngo inqubo yokudala nesifanekiso esisha, "Khibiny-60", kabanzi osetshenziswayo ukumodeliswa zezibalo, ukunika amandla ukunemba okuphezulu ukubikezela ukuziphatha eziyinkimbinkimbi ezihlukahlukene izimo ukulwa, ngisho kakhulu. By the way, yindlela efanayo yayisetshenziswa kancane ngaphambili, ngo-inqubo yokudala KS418 eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukwakheka "Khibiny"

Ngakho, lokho kuhlanganisa EW uhlelo "Khibiny"? Nazi izinto zalo eziyisisekelo:

• "Inhliziyo" eyinkimbinkimbi iyona Rer "Proran" noma kumakhophi alo zanamuhla, iningi lolo lwazi libhekwa.
• Uhlelo oluyisisekelo ukufaka wenza umcimbi "Regatta". Cishe, okwamanje esetshenziswa nozakwabo ngaphezulu yesimanje futhi eyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu imishini kungenziwa akhiwe kule esitsheni, futhi efakwe ngqo airframe.
• Njengoba sishilo, EW "Khibiny" sisho futhi zihlanganisa i-apharathasi yakhelwe ukwenziwa ukuphazamiseka asebenzayo nokuvikela amayunithi izindiza. Aboshelwe esitsheni. Ukucaciswa nse akwaziwa.
• Unit ukugcina imvamisa eqondile. TS imodeli.
• Ekugcineni, sisebenzisa uhlelo lwekhompuyutha ephezulu amandla ama, futhi izici zayo eqondile futhi kuhlale kuyimfihlakalo.

Njengoba for izindleko zalolu hlobo izikhali, kusukela ngomhla ka-2014 intengo iqoqo akuyona ruble esingaphansi 123 million.

izici Technical eyinkimbinkimbi

Cabanga main izici lobuchwepheshe of a eziyinkimbinkimbi ejwayelekile kubekwe phakathi isitsha. Njengomthetho, lo mugqa isebenzisa i-L 175B ubudala kodwa kahle kungase kutholakale / L-265:

• obuphelele - 4.95 m;
• ubukhulu - 35 cm;
• isisindo - 300 kg.

Field ukusebenza wenza umcimbi

• Phambili ama- ezingemuva kuyendlulela wemboni kuyinto +/- 45 degrees.
• Iinsetjenziswa ELINT ongasebenza kahle ngesikhathi imvamisa 1.2 ... 40 GHz.
• I asebenzayo kakhulu Jamming uhlelo usebenza amaza 4 ... 18 GHz.
• Imvamisa yokusebenza eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze zimboze indiza compounds - 1 ... 4 GHz.
• Ubude amandla ukusetshenziswa 3600 Watts.

izinyathelo Basic ngokudala eziyinkimbinkimbi

• I sibonelo wokuqala "Proran". Kulesi sigaba, it is ukwakha uhla lwezobunhloli electronic.
• "Regatta". Kulokhu, onjiniyela baye basebenza ngqo ukudalwa imishini, inqubo eyayingase isetshenziswe ukwenziwa ukuphazamiseka asebenzayo.
• Ekugcineni, esiteshini ngokwayo EW "Khibiny" yadalwa, okuyinto etholwe ngokuhlanganisa "Proran" futhi "Regatta".
• Ukuthuthukiswa kanye ukukhiqizwa imodeli "Hibiny-10B." Lokhu ukuguqulwa okhethekile ukufakwa izindiza T-10B / Su-34.
• KC-418E eziyinkimbinkimbi. Yakhelwe ukuhlomisa ukuthekelisa Su-24MK / Su-24MK2. Ngokusobala, intuthuko oyinhloko imodeli awukapheli futhi kusuka ngomhla ka namuhla.

izinguqulo Modern eziyinkimbinkimbi

• "Khibiny-M10 / M6".
• Ukuguqulwa "Khibiny-60."
• "Isitsha" eyinkimbinkimbi L-265 / L-265M10. version okukhethekile, okwamanje kuphela ukusebenziswa izindiza Su-35.
• Ushintshe kakhulu futhi elicwengisiswe nguqulo ye "Khibiny-U". Waboniswa lokuqala ngesikhathi emoyeni show MAKS-2013. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo isivumelwano esasayinwa ukukhweza eziyinkimbinkimbi kuwo wonke izindiza yasekhaya zezindiza wezindlela. Khona-ke yabe seyaziwa ukuthi electronics luzothunyelwa phezu Su-30cm.
• Imodeli eziphambili kakhulu, "Tarantula". Ukuthuthukiswa Its kanye nokusetshenziswa cishe lutho waziwa.

Yikuphi izindiza asetshenziswa othwala?

Njengoba ubona kulesi sihloko, oyinhloko izindiza abathwali lolu hlobo imishini - Imikhiqizo Sukhoi. Izizathu zalokhu siye kakade olukhulunywa. Ngakho akukho lutho isimanga ohlwini olulandelayo:

• Su-34 kungenziwa agibele amahhashi esitsheni 175B-A / A-175VE, okuyinto zingafakwa kunoma iyiphi esiteshini efanelekayo EW "Khibiny".
• I Su-35 avame uzalela imodeli "M" ibekwa A-265.
• Su-30cm kuhlelwe ukuhlomisa kuphela "Khibiny-U".

Ukuhlola kanye isicelo ezimweni eduze ukulwa

On esigabeni sokuqala ukuhlola isimo, siye kakade okukhulunywa. Lapho lisasebenza EW "Khibiny" uhlelo? Kubikwa ukuthi ngo-2000, ngemva kwesikhathi esithile ukuhlasela Chechen amasosha e-Afghanistan, e-Air Force ukuhlola ukusetshenziswa Su-34 ukuze zimboze ekuhlaseleni Su-24. Yiqiniso, efakwe Su-24 EW "Khibiny" Kungenzeka kakhulu ukwandisa izinga nokusinda kwalaba bantu izindiza empini.

It is eyaziwa ukuthi inkontileka esayinwe 2013, sihlinzekela ukunikezelwa kungekho izakhiwo esingaphansi 92 empini. Isamba yesivumelwano - ruble engaba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-12. Cishe, indiza (akwaziwa imiphi) kufanele ifakwe imishini kungakapheli 2020.

Ngo-April 2014 ukuhlolwa Kwakuseshwa eduze lokulwa. Kulokhu, EW imishini "Khibiny" yayihloselwe ivikela Su-34. Kwakuthinta bazitshela ukuthi bazothola izinhlanzi ngisabone izindiza isitha eyayisezweni indima MIG-31. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ingakamiswa kubika.

"Pheka" futhi "Khibiny": indaba weqiniso noma ziyindaba eqanjiwe?

Ngo-April walowo nyaka, kwakunebandla elilodwa sihloko ezithakazelisayo kumasayithi amaningi. imithombo eminingi nizithibe wakufaka ngokushesha ku "Ukucabangela" sigaba. Watshelwa ukuthi mayelana EW "Khibiny"? "Donald Awe-Kuk", okuyinto Apreli 12, 2014 ezenzeka eCrimea, kusolakala ukuthi "wahlasela" le Su-24, futhi amathuluzi ebhodini "ayiminyanisa", ngosizo the complex. Nokho, ngokushesha isihloko ngokuqukethwe ezifana zisuswe ngokushesha, kwacaca ukuthi lokhu okulandelayo:

• Yebo, "Omiswe" ngempela Flied umkhumbi.
• Ayikho umsebenzi wenzondo awazange athathe hlangothi.
• "Khibiny" okwamanje Su-24 akulona ibekwe (lokhu debatable).
• Ukuhlonyiselwa lesi sigaba nje akakwazi ukuvimbela electronics akulona wempi kulencane.

Ngakho, sabuka EW "Khibiny". Kuyini lokhu? Empeleni, lesi simiso eziseqophelweni impi electronic, ngokuvumela ukulwa izindiza ukuthutha kude ezicitshwayo isitha, ongqongqozayo kubo othomathikhi isiqondiso uhlelo.