Self ezinezinjini anti-tank isibhamu "Sprut-SD" 2S25: izici nesithombe

Esikhathini 80 NATO izizwe ziye zaqala ukukhula kakhulu izikhali zalo. Lokhu kwakuwumnikelo ka-Umfutho Central Research Institute ukwakha umqondo omusha sokuthuthukiswa nezempi ibutho sisemoyeni wase-USSR. Ukuze udale i-instrument ngempumelelo bekwazi ukubhekana amathangi of NATO, in the 90s ngqo amabutho sisemoyeni Russian inkampani okuhlangene isitokwe "Volgograd izixaxa Isitshalo" uye wazakhela self ezinezinjini antitank isibhamu 2S25 "Sprut-SD".

Mayelana nababhali ukuthuthukisa

"Sprut-SD" iyona Russian Airborne 2S25 self ezinezinjini anti-tank isibhamu. umklami Chief, waziphatha yokukhiqiza chassis baba AV Shabalin. 125-mm isibhamu 2A75 ukuba "Sprut-SD" 2S25 yasungulwa V I. Nasedkinym. Umsebenzi ku ukudalwa Russian anti-tank izikhali esenzeka Central Research Institute of ngokunemba zobunjiniyela.

Qala ekudaleni

Ngo-1982, ngesisekelo imoto ukulwa BMP-2 isakhiwo ACS 2S25 sidalwe "Sprut-SD", ngaphansi ubukhulu 125 mm. Kwaba ubufakazi bokuthi usebenzisa izingxenye neyesifunda imishini ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, kungenzeka ukwakha entsha, kuyithuluzi eliphumelelayo. Umhlahlandlela CRI Tochmash isinqumo sokuthi ethangini ukukhanya "Into 934" kungasetshenziswa ukwakha chassis angasindi, kwaba ifakwe engasindi 100-mm rifled isibhamu nge ukushaja automatics, eyenzelwe 19 isibhamu.

Enye yalezi amathangi yaba isisekelo sezinguqulo isampula imodeli isibhamu 125-milimitha. tank olwesimanje "Sprut-SD" manje ifakwe 125 mm smoothbore isibhamu. Esikhathini zakudala inqubo umbhoshongo wesifunda yayisetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaklami bahlola futhi izinketho ukunqunywa izingalo.

ukuhlolwa

Ngo-1984, i-sokudubula abanolwazi ku uhla Kubinka ke uthuthwa "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-ACS entsha wabonisa ukuthi ukunemba umlilo akuyona kunabayeni ithangi amagobolondo umthwalo esebenza abaseqenjini kanye nesibhamu ngokwayo, ingabe cha eqa ncele kuvunyelwe. Okthoba 20, 1985 ikhomishini samasosha zezimboni banquma ukuba baqale ukukhiqizwa 125-mm guns "Sprut-SD" 2S25.

Iziphi izinselele abhekana nazo Onjiniyela uma udala esebenzisa kokwehla?

Amathuluzi P260, ukuhlinzeka lokubikezela self ezinezinjini, lapho ukuhlolwa kwaveza amaphutha:

• ukukhiqizwa yabo kwaba ebizayo;
• P260 ukusetshenziswa kwezimali bekulokhu kunzima.

Ngenxa yalokho ejenti parachute-esisheshayo abangu kunqanyulwe, futhi endaweni matasa uhlelo P260 strapdown lokubikezela, okuyinto wathola ekubizweni P260 M.

Uyini "Sprut-SD" 2S25? Incazelo ukwakhiwa

Self ezinezinjini wezikhali iyunithi kuyinto ukulwa zilandelwa armored imoto ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, usebenzisa njengoba izikhali ezinamandla wezikhali kanye missile izinhlelo.

ACS inezingxenye ezintathu - i hulls ka:

• Esikhathini phambi iphuzu enikeza ukulawula imoto "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Isithombe ngezansi izici isakhi iyunithi self ezinezinjini. Lokhu izindlu yakhelwe abantu abathathu: self ezinezinjini kumlawuli, umdubuli kambayimbayi nomshayeli. Uphahla crew ukulwa imoto uyakhile amathuluzi elibukelayo nge imini nobusuku umbono.

• Ngokwesilinganiso, Ezezindlu ukufakwa lombhoshongo. Lokhu block kuyinto bokulwa. Ukubona yakhelwe amadala ukuthutha isakhiwo elihlangene: endaweni yomsebenzi walo kwasakazwa izindiza ezimbili ngokuhlanganisa nge emehlweni laser. Isiqondiso 125-milimitha projectile unikezwa ugongolo laser.
• Ezingemuva indawo kubhekwa gumbi injini.

Ukuhlelwa isikhala ukusebenzela kumlawuli

Emsebenzini, nezisebenzi abakhulu nabaqambi wezikhali uhlelo inikeza ukutholakala kumadivayisi ezifana:

• usuku periscope monocular emehlweni 1A40-M1, kokuba insimu eliletha ukuthula umbono;
• ebusuku eziyinkimbinkimbi optical-electronic to1-KO1R;
• a rangefinder laser, lapho umkhuzi alinganise ibanga elitsheni futhi yakha engela preemptive ngesikhathi zokudubula ilitshe ezihambayo;
• Imininingwane isiteshi, okuyothi ngalo isiqondiso bese uqale missile basitwe
• amakhophi kanye ballistic kudivayisi umthelela esetshenziswa umdubuli kambayimbayi;
• ekhethekile akude kokwenza ezimele ukulawula automatics ngenkathi kulayishwa;
• ushayela, ukuhlinzeka isixhumanisi tekusebenta phakathi induna umdubuli kambayimbayi.

Imiphi imisebenzi kukhona induna nezisebenzi?

Iqembu main ngosizo emehlweni imini nobusuku umbono uqaphe sezwe. Induna le wezikhali self ezinezinjini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umdubuli kambayimbayi, ongenza umlilo okuhloswe sengathi isibhamu umshini noma inganono. Lokhu ikhono inikezwa yi-computer ukulawula umlilo uhlelo: ebukhoneni idatha yoqobo armored wokubala ballistic wenziwa usebenzisa othomathikhi Ukufakwa actuators nama-engeli phambili. Ngenxa yalesi isici umlawuli ayidingekile buyisela usebenzisa esukela futhi ebona amamaki. Umlawuli imahhala ukufeza sokudubula.

Indlela usethe i-instrument libhekwa?

Anti-self ezinezinjini wezikhali - kule ekilasini amathuluzi liye ubalwe njengenye umshini ukulwa "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Inhloso uhla imisebenzi eyenziwa ke abilisiwe phansi ukuba alwe amathangi isitha. Ngaphambili, lo msebenzi wawenziwa amathangi ezifana PT-76B futhi "Into 934". Bakhandwa ithathelwe indawo obhekwe 2S25 "Sprut-SD". Ukulwa imoto umlilo ukwesekwa, ngokungafani nezinye amathangi ukukhanya has firepower ephakeme. Maneuverability futhi patency we ACS entsha oluhambisana imingcele ethize ukuze silwe izibhamu ukukhanyisa amathangi. "Sprut-SD" kuyinto yesimanje futhi oyinkimbinkimbi nguqulo PT-76B.

Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo bexhashazwa?

"Sprut-SD" usesimweni ngaphandle refueling bahamba amabanga amakhilomitha okungenani 500. Ezokuthutha SAU wenza izindiza zokuthutha impahla yempi. Futhi le njongo ingasetshenziswa imikhumbi ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni. betshala futhi parachute kokwehla amasu kunikeziwe ukufakwa Onjiniyela zayo. Amatilosi wemoto ukulwa ngenkathi abanikeze asebenza nabo. Ukuba kwabantu amandla okusezingeni eliphezulu, "Sprut-SD" kufanelekile ukulwa bekhwela izintaba futhi uma kushisa ezishisayo.

ACS uyakwazi ukumelana inqubo isitha vysokobronirovannoy, izinqaba zalo ezinezivikelo eziqinile kanye nezisebenzi. Ukunqoba amanzi izithiyo kungenzeka ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi injabulo ingeqi 3 amaphuzu. Umsebenzi isibhamu amanzi kungenzeka Mount ifakwe ngenxa chassis amanzi jet izinjini. ukufakwa Buoyancy inikezwa esebenzisa amanzi Jets kanye ububanzi 34 cm impellers futhi ezinamasondo. Umklamo we othomathikhi indawo elawula uhlelo has a avaliwe emoyeni ekamelweni. Uma amanzi engena emzimbeni ukudonsa Kwenziwa esebenzisa amaphampu amanzi anamandla. Nakuba ntanta, "Sprut-SD" is kokudubula.

Ngemva kokwenza ukulwa layo Ukuthunywa ACS ingashintshwa ukuze asebenzise kwamanzi ngendlela yokukhulekela abazimisele yona-ukulayisha kokwehla izikebhe.

Ngokucacile ukuze isetshenziswe eneqhwa sezwe esetshenziswa snowmobile amathrekhi kanye pads zenjoloba. "Sprut-SD" kufanelekile endaweni, lapho wathola ngemisebe, zamakhemikhali ukungcoliswa begazi. nezisebenzi ukuphepha inikeza isivikelo izikhali zembubhiso.

Kufihlwe ukulwa isibhamu umshini Ukusebenzisa esibukweni intuthu. Ngenxa yale njongo, nabaqambi ogibele aft leaf ACS umbhoshongo kubakaki (2 izingcezu), lapho kuhlelwa eziyisithupha amabhomu 902V usebenzisa intuthu amabhomu osezingeni 81 mm.

elwa imoto lamiswa ngaziphi izinjongo?

Ekuqaleni, ACS lwenzelwe ezibhekene amathangi, izimoto ehlukahlukene yezempi kanye nezisebenzi. 2S25 "Sprut-SD" - elwa imoto umlilo ukwesekwa - okuhloswe kuphela Airborne. Desantiruemye umsebenzi wezikhali self ezinezinjini kwakufanele silwe izimoto armored ngemuva imigqa isitha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waba ilungu Marine Corps futhi Special Forces. Ukuba nokuhlangenwe nakho 2S25 ukusetshenziswa wabonisa ukuthi baxhumana ukulwa imoto BMD-4, ifakwe isibhamu 100-mm kanye anti-tank izinhlelo zokuzisiza ezinezinjini "Cornet", "Sprut-SD 'zingaba zinhle kakhulu, hhayi nje kuphela ezingemuva isitha, kodwa futhi ngqo izibhelu lempi ukuqhuba phansi amabutho zamabutho ahlomile yeRussia.

Esikhathini kusuka 2001 kuya 2006, ngemva ukuhlola okungeziwe kwezinhloko zamaviyo Russian Federation babe besesikhundleni sabo lokulwa umshini "Sprut-SD" 2S25.

Izici Key

Isisindo ukulwa imoto amathani 18. Amatilosi siqukethe abantu abathathu. Cruising lebanga km 500. Chassis siqukethe ezinamasondo eziyisikhombisa rubberized, ezinamasondo eziyisithupha olulodwa rubberized, ukushayela namasondo eqondisa, amacimbi dvuhgrebnevyh steel, asebenzisa Ukukhweza injoloba kanye pads zenjoloba. Ubude ACS nge isibhamu 9,77 amamitha.

Ukulwa imoto ifakwe ezine shestitsillindrovym kuqhathaniswa udizili kanye supercharging neqondile fuel injection, okuyinto kuhlinzekelwe Ukupholisa ketshezi. 2V-06-2S - injini brand, kusethelwe ku- "Sprut-SD" 2S25. Engine Imininingwane uvumele ukuzilawula ngokuzenzekelayo ngesivinini 45 (isilinganiso) ka-70 km / h.

ACS ifakwe zempi inhlamvu. Engaphelele ingxenye ongamelana oqondile hits 23-milimitha amagobolondo bekude kwesigamu ikhilomitha. Ngo inqubo ukukhiqizwa zempi ukulwa imoto esetshenziswa aluminiyamu (izindlu SAU nombhoshongo walo). Iinsetjenziswa frontal ingxenye ekhiqizwa nge Linings steel. Ukuze ulwe izimoto inqobo umsakazo R-173 futhi amadivayisi zokuxhumana P-174.

Aircraft kokwehla ukulwa imoto evela izindiza IL-76 (M MD onobuhle) AN-124. Ukusebenzisa ukumiswa sangaphandle-MI-26 indiza futhi ikuvumela ukuba ngempumelelo nokuqalisa kokwehla self ezinezinjini "Sprut-SD" 2S25.

Russian Army kwezikhali ahlanganiswe SAU ifakwe isibhamu smoothbore 2A75 futhi coaxial machine gun PKT brand. Combat Kit 2A75 isibhamu esiyinhloko 40 isibhamu. ukufakwa ngomshini 22 yakhiwa nezinhlamvu. Jikelele - 18 osezingeni machine gun 7,62 mm. Omunye izibhamu itheyiphu iqukethe imizuliswano 2,000.

ezisetshenziswa amagobolondo?

Ammunition ukulwa imoto iqukethe projectiles, ikuvumela ukuba enze isibhamu ezine izinhlobo:

• High-eziyiziqhumane (20 imizuliswano).
• Udibi ukubhoboza (izingcezu 14). Ngokwenza kokudubula projectiles udibi Ukubhoboza nge ibanga-ikhilomitha ezimbili, kungenziwa ngesibhakela steel eyohlobo armored, ogama ukujiya ingeqi 23 cm.
• UKUSHISA projectile (6 izicucu). Pierce homogenous steel zempi ukujiya ngamasentimitha angu-30.
• Ziphethe anti-tank ezicitshwayo eqondiswa. Ukungena zempi lapho ukujiya idlula 35 cm.

Iinsetjenziswa imishini eziyisisekelo Onengqondo

Ukusebenzisa tank isibhamu 2A46 kanye ukuhlela kabusha yayo, 2S25 Abaklami wakhe i ngcono 125-mm smoothbore isibhamu 2A75. Ukuze kuncishiswe amandla ukumelana lapho kokudubula izinkokhelo zesenzo esithize kuhlelwe khona ekufakweni ngesifonyo ukubopha ekhethekile. Kodwa ngenxa misebenzi nezinkinga umthelela amathuluzi okuye ixazululwe ngokwandisa ubude roll emuva 74 cm. Ngaphezu kwalokho athuthukile chassis hydropneumatic ukumiswa indlela okuyinto amunca izinsalela ukufinyela umfutho.

2A75 isibhamu ifakwe i ukushaja okuzenzekelayo, okuyinto kunomphumela omuhle ngesilinganiso isibhamu: umzuzu owodwa ungakwazi ukwenza 7 imizuliswano. Lokhu imishini liqukethe:

• umshini elihambayo ifakwe 22 amakhasethi;
• uchungechunge indlela, phakamisa odala amakhasethi;
• uchungechunge ukulayisha induku;
• indlela enza ukususwa ukufakwa liner warhead bagged.

isiphetho

Firepower ukulwa imoto "Sprut-SD" akuyona amathangi phansi kunabaphostoli ezifana T-80 ne-T-90. I ukuhamba okusezingeni eliphezulu kokubili on zwe futhi on amanzi avunyelwe ACS 2S25 ukufinyelela ezingeni ukulwa imoto BMD-3. Ngenxa izici design - kungenzeka umbhoshongo ACS ukwenza Ukujikeleza isiyingi futhi isikhali sinjalo ngo izindiza ezimbili - "Sprut-SD" ingasetshenziswa ngempumelelo njengoba ethangini ukukhanya ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni, okuyinto namuhla ayidaliwe ngumuntu Analogue olulodwa.

Yasungulwa ngu abaklami Russian wezikhali self ezinezinjini iye yabangela isithakazelo phakathi amalungu amabutho Korea naseNdiya.