Esingamahlalakhona semithambo

esingamahlalakhona Umhlinzi kwenzeka cishe ngo-1-2% abantu sebebonke. isimo esinjalo njalo phetho yisiphi isifo. Ezimweni eziningi, kuholela yezifo zenhliziyo uhlelo. Lezi zihlanganisa ukungasebenzi kwezicubu zenhliziyo, angina, isilethikusebenza, ukukhubazeka inhliziyo.

Ukunqotshwa kwe-imisipha yenhliziyo icuphe kokunikezwa kwe-igazi eligciniwe emzimbeni, ngenxa kuyadamba yayo kanye nokusebenza abanelisi ka ukudonsa yayo umsebenzi.

esingamahlalakhona Umhlinzi libhekene njengoba isimo sokugembula lapho kukhona ukwehla tonus imisipha abushelelezi izindonga isitsha. Lokhu kuphakamisa hypotension, kuliphazamise ukubuya pooling eyeqile enomopho.

esingamahlalakhona Umhlinzi ngenxa eyinhloko izilonda imvelo yinhliziyo ephelezelwa isitho nezitsha ukuphendula ngenakugwemeka. Cishe le ndlela yokusabela elinesimo imvelo compensatory. Ngakho-acute cardio esingamahlalakhona semithambo ephelezelwa ukusabela, okuyinto kubonakala ngesimo vasoconstriction ekuphenduleni umthelela pressor izindlela. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni ukumelana semithambo isikhathi esithile, ukwanda abanye ezingeni blood pressure kanye ukuzinza supply igazi kwezitho ezibalulekile zokuphila. Ngo ezingamahlalakhona isimo indawo vasoconstriction iza hypertrophy ka bushelelezi imisipha amaseli izindonga isitsha.

Nge Ukuwohloka izindlela compensatory ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, esingamahlalakhona semithambo ijoyina. Lokhu kunciphisa ukumelana Imininingwane neuropathy, kakhulu ekwandiseni emithanjeni emincane, ama-venule futhi capillary.

Cishe kuzo zonke izinqubo lapho inhliziyo kufanele isebenze lapho sizikhandla ekunamatheleni isikhathi eside, noma umonakalo okwenzeka myocardium, kuphakamisa ukwehluleka inhliziyo nempahla. Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, ngokuvamile isimo baphawula phezu isizinda izifo ezifana yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo, valvular isifo senhliziyo (kuzuze futhi azalwa naso), myocarditis, isimo abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme, zenhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo kungenzeka yezifo endocrine imvelo umzimba izilonda, umsoco enganele.

Imbangela njalo iningi ukufa (amacala 80%) ngesikhathi isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo.

Ukuze lesi sifo kungaholela yezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Ochwepheshe kukhona ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko yezici etiological.

Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa izici ukuthi abe nemiphumela oqondile elimazayo ku myocardium. It kungaba ukuhlukumezeka ngokomzimba, kumakhemikhali okungenakugwenywa (isib, izidakamizwa ukweqisa izidakamizwa). Ngaphezu kwalokho, oqondile imiphumela elimazayo, futhi izici zokwakheka komuntu (ubuthi, Amagciwane eziwuhlupho).

Iqembu yezizathu sesibili sihlanganisa zezici kuvuse overload we esivimba amanzi uhlamvu sokusebenza. Lezi zihlanganisa i-ukwanda ngokweqile umthamo wegazi engenayo inhliziyo ( "sindisa umthamo"). Lokhu kungenzeka uma inhliziyo valve esingamahlalakhona, khona extracardiac futhi intracardiac shunts, futhi hypovolemia. sindisa kanye izimbangela esivimba amanzi anda ukumelana phezu ejection kusuka ngaphakathi komgodi igazi inhliziyo ( "ingcindezi sindisa"). Kulokhu, ukwehluleka zenhliziyo eba khona ka hypertrophy esivimba amanzi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi hypertrophy kwenzeka emnyangweni umzimba, okuyinto lucwaningo umsebenzi okukhulu.

Futhi Iqembu lesithathu lihlanganisa zezici nomthelela kahle diastolic ventricular ukugcwaliswa. Lesi simo sibangelwa ukwehla ngezinga elikhulu le afundwa igazi ivolumu (ngesikhathi ukushaqeka eqinile noma ukopha), kanye ukwephulwa e ukuphumula diastolic wenhliziyo ngesikhathi kokucindezelwa okusamanzi yayo okuyinto aqoqana pericardium (igazi, transudate, exudate).