Engibaziyo ebanda kunazo. SUV imodeli: izici, Tuning

zonke izimoto sezwe okwamanje amelela omunye amakilasi ethandwa kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, hlala mayelana 40% wemakethe Russian. Esikhathini yokuqukethwe, off-road ikakhulukazi funa. Ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili., Uma onobuhle ezifana babembalwa, bona zazibhekwa njengochwepheshe ehlonishwayo njengoba uhlobo. Njengoba inani amakilasi imoto futhi ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo njengoba umshini kuhlangana iyonke, nokuthi izimoto off-road liye lenyuka kakhulu. Futhi manje ukunquma engibaziyo ebanda kunazo akulula.

Izici

Okwamanje, igama elithi "Suv" noma "Suv", okuningi esilufifi. Lokhu kungenxa ukuxuba amakilasi izimoto, okuyinto ziqale ngasekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule. Ngaphambi kwalokho, imoto ngokucacile selihlukene laba izimoto off-road. Nokho, ngasekupheleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo. abakhiqizi baqala uhlanganise nabo ukuze uthole njengoba umshini jikelele. Jeep waqala ukuthatha izici umgibeli onobuhle. Eyokuqala kule endleleni waya Mercedes Benz, ukukhulula ML imodeli ngo-1997 Ngonyaka olandelayo, lapho ngaba Lexus, egijima ukukhiqizwa RX, futhi ngo-1999 - BMW nge X5. Ngokungafani SUV bendabuko la amamodeli eyayihloselwe ukusetshenziswa emigwaqeni kanzima, futhi-lokuphela kwendlela kancane njengoba kuphakeme kakhulu ezivamile izimoto ezithwala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi la izimoto zakhelwe emsamo umgibeli, ngakho ababethwele umzimba, wonke-wheel uhlelo drive, i-geometry abampofu lula. imishini enjalo yabe seyaziwa ngokuthi parquet SUV, noma crossovers. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakukhona onobuhle ongakhetha monoprivodnom.

nenqubo

Njengoba izimoto sanamuhla baye baba ezahlukene kakhulu futhi Amatebhe, kodwa ahlukahlukene, gqamisa phakathi kwazo engibaziyo ebanda kunazo akulula. Kulula kakhulu ukuchaza ke oyedwa ipharamitha phakathi izimoto ekilasini elilodwa. Futhi ngisho nezindaba ezinzima kangaka ukuze abone imodeli ethize, kusukela ngenxa umncintiswano umshini sina be kakhulu cimeza ukuze nemingcele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunoma yisiphi isimo, kuba subjective isici thunzi. Ngakho-ke, uma sicabangela iqiniso lokuthi lesi sihloko kusekelwe kokubili izici lobuchwepheshe nokumela ukugudluka zomphakathi mayelana isithunzi onobuhle ezahlukene, lolu lwazi ke lungase lungahambisani nalolo imicabango yabantu siqu.

SUV

Traditional engibaziyo okusezingeni eliphezulu isakhiwo Uhlaka kungenziwa ngamakhasimende izimfanelo ezimbili. Lokhu permeability nenduduzo.

passability

Ekuqaleni, kwaba main permeability izici izimoto off-road. Kulesi sisekelo ayebonakala. onobuhle ezinjalo ezivamile akheke Uhlaka, zonke wheel drive, ngokuvamile trehdvernyiy iDemo umzimba ukuthuthukisa i-geometry, ephezulu torque engu udizili noma uphethiloli injini, ekunciphiseni isibalo omoya, futhi interaxial ukukhiya cross-oluvala amasondo. Nokho, banalo ingaphakathi silula, lapho cishe nhlobo ikhokhelwa induduzo. Kuze kube manje, le mishini zicishe zakhubeka. Lezi zihlanganisa i-Jeep Wrangler, Suzuki Jimny futhi UAZ Hunter. Nakuba lezi onobuhle bekulokhu kancane. Ngaphambili imishini ekhiqizwa ungaphawula Land Rover wasemuva, ukukhiqizwa kwanoma yiziphi saphela ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka. I ebanda kunazo engibaziyo ekhiqizwa manje - lokuqala. Lezi ezinye ezimbili amamodeli we eziphansi, futhi Wrangler akuyona kuphela ukusebenza, kodwa futhi imoto ehlonishwayo.

ukhululekile

Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo mshini SUV, edlulele ubukhulu bezimoto okuxoxwe ngawo ngenhla. Kulezi idatha amamodeli isici lounge ukhululekile, ehlotshiswe ezingeni premium izimoto nge high quality materials. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banayo ezihlukahlukene izinhlaba, okuhloswe ngazo zombili izivakashi kanye phambili. Ngokusho ipharamitha owokugcina kulaba jeeps ngokuvamile kancane lincane onobuhle okuxoxwe ngazo ngenhla, kodwa namanje ezingeni eliphezulu. imishini tifaka ekhatsi kwati Lexus LX, Range Rover, Mercedes Benz G, Cadillac Escalade. Imifanekiso omdala Hummer H1 futhi H2, Lamborghini LM002 futhi Infiniti QX (isizukulwane samanje enomzimba monocoque).

Universal

Lezi ongakhetha ezakho izimoto sokunethezeka, kodwa abe elingaphakathi sasivumela ukhululekile futhi permeability ezingeni lwezinhlobo yangaphambilini ye imishini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo zingabantu ehlonishwa kakhulu. I emibi phakathi lezi onobuhle CIS bakholwe Toyota Land Cruiser. Kufanele kuqashelwe eminingi American ogcwele Suv efana Chevrolet Tahoe. Ezinsukwini ubudala phakathi nalesi sigaba of bewazisa kakhulu Mitsubishi Pajero (nakuba ezincane) kanye Nissan Patrol, manje abathuthele emzimbeni asekelayo.

crossovers

Njengoba kuphawuliwe, eziningi zalezi imishini kungase kubhekwe njengokwelapha umgibeli amamodeli we sezwe. Banezinhliziyo umzimba umthwalo esindayo, lula wonke-wheel drive uhlelo. Manje la amamodeli okuningi kuka-SUV bendabuko. Nakuba ngokuyinhloko phakathi izimoto ezinkulu kukhona zabuna SUV ukuthi ziwile emzimbeni asekelayo, okuyizinto izinga obusebenzayo namanje ukubizwa ngokuthi Suv (isibonelo, Nissan Patrol). Phakathi crossovers abaningi njengoba emaweni futhi omkhulu onobuhle futhi eyonga uphethiloli.

Elikhulu naphakathi

Models ezinkulu emaweni abaningi bakholelwa Infiniti QX, Mercedes Benz GLS.

Futhi ehlonishwa kakhulu phakathi no-isayizi premium crossover, nobani, futhi waqala isigaba imoto. Okungukuthi: Infinity FX, le Lexus le-RX, Audi le Q7, le-Mercedes Benz Gle, BMW i X5 / i-X6, le Porsche le eCayenne, le Jaguar F-Okumatasa, Range Rover Sport. Ngaphambili kakhulu Jeep Grand Cherokee futhi Land Rover Discovery, eyabonakala eside ngaphambi kwakho konke lokho onobuhle, kodwa babe kulandela kamuva.

ezemidlalo

Buhle Suv crossover phambi cishe umgibeli handling. Ngakho-ke, abaningi babo yezemidlalo ongakhetha, iningi okumelelwe ukuguqulwa ngempoqo imodeli eshiwo ngenhla. Lokhu Infinity FX50, Mercedes Benz Gle AMG, iBMW X5 / X6 M, Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT, inguqulo enamandla we Porsche eCayenne kanye Jaguar F-Pace. Nakuba zikhona izimoto okukhethekile more ekuqaleni umdlalo orientation: Maserati Levante futhi Bentley Bentayga.

Phakathi kwalezi onobuhle, naphezu ngokwehlukahlukana kwabo, sisengakwazi ukwaba engibaziyo ebanda kunazo ngisho ngesivinini izici. Lona Bentley crossover, njengoba okwamanje imoto esheshayo alesi sigaba, ngaphambi kwemidlalo ye-Porsche eCayenne, ngaphambili matasa kule ndawo.

Tuning

Nokho, lapho uthenga imoto, ngisho lezi onobuhle, kukhona namanje ithuba ukuhlangabezana endleleni cishe okufanayo. Ngakho-ke abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukwakha imoto cool ngempela kungenzeka kuphela ngokususa Tuning.

jeeps silungisa, kanye nezinye izimoto zingahlukaniswa zibe yangaphandle futhi zisebenza kahle.

ukuguqulwa uhlobo yokugcina nazo ezindaweni eziningana for RV: patency, Dynamics nenduduzo.

passability

Nale Tuning isicelo ngcono ukuthi zithuthukisa ikhono imoto ekunqobeni isimo sezwe. Ukuze Suv classical kubalulekile ikakhulukazi lesi sici. I Jeep ekuqaleni elakhelwe lokhu.

Ngokuvamile, off-road ngcono uqale ukushintsha chassis. Lolu hlobo ukuguqulwa kuhilela Tuning ngokuyinhloko amasondo kanye nokumisa.

Inketho elula - ukufakwa amathayi off-road, ezikhulisa ukubamba phansi.

Esigabeni esilandelayo - ikheshi (ukwanda imvume). Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ngokufaka spacer esikhulu ubukhulu amasondo. Ngakho, ungakwazi kuphela liftovat imodeli Uhlaka Suv. Isixazululo kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngaleyo ndlela ngempumelelo - ikhithi lift-ukumiswa ehlanganisa iziphethu kwagcizelela futhi dampers eside. Lokhu kwandisa hhayi kuphela imvume phansi, kodwa futhi uhamba ukumiswa. indlela Ikakhulukazi eyinkimbinkimbi - Ukufakwa kwamabhuloho portal. Nokho, lokhu kudinga ushintsho endleleni yabantu ukuwudlulisa ingasebenzi kuzo zonke izimoto.

Kufanele ushintshe ukudluliswa. izithuthukisi ukhiye SUV - nomehluko uvala ukukhiya interaxle.

Okokuqala ngokufanele usabalalisa torque engu ngesikhathi amasondo ngesikhathi ukushelela. Abantu bakholelwa izinto eziningana amadivayisi elinganiselwe ukushelela nomehluko, Ilokhi othomathikhi futhi manual, elinganiselwe ukushelela nomehluko, overrunning bamba. Ukuze Tuning nokubhala kuyadingeka ukwazi ngezindlela zazo, kusukela kwamanye amadivayisi akuzona ngempumelelo emigwaqweni, nezinye operation indlela enzima.

Interaxial ukukhonza ukukhiya ukusatshalaliswa elikhulu torque phakathi ama-ekseli amasondo.

Ekugcineni, kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa umzimba. Lokhu kuhilela ukufakwa izakhi amandla unikezwe amashidi avikelayo, amandla amabhampa kanye imibundu. I amashidi zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela injini, ukudluliswa, eziqondisa ukuxhumana nezinye amayunithi kusukela punches phansi. Bumpers futhi Sills ikhava umzimba.

Ukwandisa injini ukusebenza ngaphansi ezivamile Tuning off-road kunalokho kwezemidlalo. Ngokuvamile ukuze ilungiswe jeeps onobuhle kokuba izici ekuqaleni enganele. Ngaphezu kwalokho sezwe injini Tuning iyahluka kwenye ezemidlalo. Ukukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo, kodwa ukusebenzisa ezinye izilungiselelo, uma ezemidlalo kubalulekile ukwandisa umthamo, off-road ezibaluleke kakhudlwana iyona ephezulu torque engu.

Kukhona nohlu olubanzi izesekeli izimoto off-road.

Ngokuvamile walungisa jeeps ifakwe ngamawinji self. Kungcono ukufaka omunye yayingaphambi nangemuva kwabo.

Libuye kudivayisi iyasiza unqobe off-road - the eguqulayo isondo compressor. It ikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha futhi kalula ushintshe ingcindezi kuzo izimo ezihlukahlukene.

Ukuze unqobe amazibuko kumele efakwe snorkel imoto. Le mininingwane isuselwe ngaphezulu injini air eyanele, nguye ngaphansi hood womshini ejwayelekile. Jeep futhi efiselekayo ukuhlomisa wiring ungangenisi amanzi bese uphuma phezulu ukudluliswa breathers.

nezinye Tuning

Ukuguqulwa nezinye izindawo (Dynamics, induduzo) off-road izimoto eyalo izindlela ezifanayo ezisetshenziswa izimoto.

Kunoma ikuphi, by silungisa ungakha engibaziyo ebanda kunazo ngisho kusuka imodeli elula kokuqala.