Tracheal nciphisa e izinja

Okwamanje, izinja ezincane zohlobo sekuyinto evamile kakhulu. Thina bajwayele laba bangane abane-ezinemilenze ukuze abanye nje ungeke ucabange ngokwami ngaphandle kwabo. Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi isilwane engenabantu ubuyisela umndeni, hhayi umhlobiso elula ingaphakathi, uma singakubeka kanjalo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izinja bangaguliswa nje sengathi abantu. Ikakhulukazi izifo babe efanayo futhi babe ezimweni eziningi izimpawu ezifanayo. Ikakhulukazi ukungenwa izinqubo sokugembula emzimbeni kukhona izinja ezincane zohlobo ezifana inja, York Chihuahua.

Futhi mhlawumbe esinye sezifo eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo kusengathiwa Ngokuwa kuqhoqhoqho. Kuyini lokhu sifo?

Ukuwa kuqhoqhoqho - isifo esingelapheki. It libhekene i deformity ngokuthi umzimba ngofuzo, okuholela ukwehla yayo. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, yilesi ezimweni eziningi izinja ezincane purebred.

Kungani tracheal nciphisa e izinja?

inqubo sokugembula, okuzoxoxwa, libhekene ukuvaleka mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi tracheal echayeke ngenxa ukulahlekelwa kuyaqina emasongweni uqwanga. Bafana ngokubukeka incwadi "C". Ngakho-ke, rigidity we anyamalale yabo, nakanjani, umkhawulo livela. Nakuba emoyeni sidlula uqhoqhoqho ulwelwesi yayo iba ukuhamba sokugembula. Yilapho inja yakho tracheal nciphisa emabeleni umnyango wakhe, inspiratory ulwelwesi mabhamuza. Futhi ngesikhathi umoya retracts, ukuvala isikhala kuqhoqhoqho. Kungenxa yokuthi lokhu futhi kuvela isimiso sakhe.

Uma wokugoqa tracheal ezinjeni iqala esifundeni wesibeletho, isithombe emuva: ulwelwesi idwetshwa ngesikhathi ephefumula futhi umoya nge mabhamuza.

Kwenzekani lapho kuyaqina ezilahlekile ulwelwesi kuziwa ulwelwesi lwamafinyila? Esikhathini inja ukukhwehlela. Uma igebe is ayisesemikhulu kangangokuba inja ayisekho emoyeni ngokwanele, kuba ephazamisayo, ayikwazi ukuthola indawo isikhathi recliner eziphumulele. Ngenxa iphika okusheshayo ukuphefumula isilwane kumkhathaza ngisho nakakhulu. Esikhathini ezifana inja ingaba enzima. Zokuphefumula izinga inyuka ke ishiya loop avaliwe.

With ukuthuthukiswa ukuvuvukala, ezempilo inja siya siba sibi kakhulu. Lapho tracheal nciphisa e izinja, uveza eziningi isikhwehlela uketshezi, ukukhwehlela iqala kwezicubu zenzeka ukusonteka. Konke imikhondo ngenhla ezinkingeni kuqhoqhoqho.

Yikuphi izinja sigule futhi kungani

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungasizathu sini, wadingida isifo, liye insufficiently wafunda. Kodwa-ke ukuthi kungaba eyinhloko eyaziwa - livela Izinja ezisencane futhi kubhekwa izakhi zofuzo kunqunywa futhi Secondary - kwenzeka njengoba kwetintfo izifo umgudu wokuphefumula futhi kwegazi. Pathology njalo ivela ngokushesha.

Tracheal nciphisa e York kanye nezinye izinja ezincane ingavela yimiphi iminyango, futhi kungaba udlulele kwesihlahla bronchial.

Inqubo sokugembula kunoma iyiphi abathintekayo ngendlela amaphiko ulwelwesi cartilaginous futhi indandatho yayo. Lapho nje leyo ndawo ilahlekelwa umswakama waso kanye Amasongo esimweni esejwayelekile, udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa - 1 no-2, degree of wokugoqa. Uma usindwa yokugcina, yimbi kakhulu. Udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa - isifo grade 3 no-4.

Ukuwa kuqhoqhoqho e Spitz kungenziwa kunqunywa ukuqina abalulekile emasongweni cartilaginous, okuholela ekulahlekeni yohlobo lwazo esingokwemvelo. Lokhu kulindeleke ukuthi kwenzeke ngenxa yokuntuleka glycoproteins futhi glycosaminoglycans ezicutshini.

A ukuqina kancane kancane uqwanga kuholela usayizi ukunciphisa. Ngenxa yalokho, mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we kuqhoqhoqho iba iyincane kakhulu. Isizathu eyisisekelo kunazo kubhekwa izifo zofuzo ngofuzo ukusonteka uqwanga. Kuyinto ngoba ithambisa izindandatho tracheal.

Tracheal nciphisa ngokuvamile asinazo izimpawu ebonakalayo. Lesi simo uhlala kuze kufike leso sikhathi kuze kube kukhona enye inkinga.

ukubonakaliswa Clinical yesifo

Cishe njalo, lesi sifo ihlala asymptomatic kuze kube yilesi sikhathi, kuze kube nezici eziqondile akuvezi ukuthuthukiswa sifo emitholampilo.

Ake sicabangele lokho kuyinto kokuwa kuqhoqhoqho. Izimpawu ze-ke khona yilena elandelayo:

1. Ukuvela ukukhwehlela ngokuzumayo akahlanye, sibi by edonsa leash, ukucindezeleka, ukucasuka we kuqhoqhoqho.
2. Nge ukuqhubeka ukwanda isifo ukukhwehlela, wanezela izimpawu ezengeziwe (zazo ungafunda ngezansi).
3. Ukuphelelwa ngumoya, siminyanise inja ngaphansi komthwalo.
4. Ukucobeka.
5. Cyanosis ka nolwelwesi lwamafinyila.
6. yokufikelwa ezingenzeka.

Ezinye ukugula ahlobene:

1. isilwane ukhuluphele.
2. ukuhluleka Inhliziyo.
3. Ukuvuvukala e yomoya engenhla.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isifo siqhubeka, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukubonakaliswa yayo.

Ngubani maningi amathuba ukuze ugoqe

Ngokuyisisekelo ephakama Izinja ezisencane. Ibe isilandelwa bayizinja eziyizimungulu naphakathi, ezifana pugs. Imvamisa lesi sifo akuxhomekile yobudala besikhumba saleso silwane. Kodwa is kakhulu ukuthonywa ezihlukahlukene trigger nezifo yesibili.

Noma kunjalo, njengoba isifo eba eside, zisencane e kukhwehlela inja livela akuvamile, kodwa ngeminyaka ke siyenzeka kaningi.

Yini izinhlelo iyathinteka nalesi sifo

Izimpawu tracheal nciphisa e kokunqotshwa izinhlelo ezithile:

1. Breathing. Lesifo kuthinta elingenhla ipheshana zokuphefumula futhi kwelulwa waphawula ka ulwanga esithambile. Futhi, kukhona "lantambama" umoya. Ngenxa yezinkinga yokuhlanza uqhoqhoqho kukhona ukuvuvukala.
2. Senhliziyo. Lapho izinkinga ezinkulu ne ukuphefumula ungeze nomfutho wegazi ophezulu yamaphaphu.
3. Isimiso sezinzwa. Ngenxa yokushoda oksijini reflex vasovagal uma ukhwehlela ukuthuthukisa nakwisyncope.

ukuhlola

Tracheal nciphisa e izinja, okungukuthi ingxenye wesibeletho ngakho, kungatholakala by palpation iminwe. Chaza lesi sifo kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze ukusetshenziswa zokuxilonga izifundo ezilandelayo:

1. -X-ray ukuhlola. It kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubona ukuwa kuqhoqhoqho, kodwa le ndlela, kukhona esinye nobunzima. Kuyinto yaqaphela ukuthi lo zokugula ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ethile isithombe lelivakalako, ezifana ephefumula noma okhishwa ngamakhala. Ukuchaza leliphuzu, isilwane kunzima ngempela.
2. US. Nale ndlela kungenzeka ukunquma Ngokuwa kuqhoqhoqho yenja esifundeni wesibeletho. Ngenxa yalesi ukusetshenziswa ethile imvamisa high inzwa. Indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu kuyaqabukela.
3. Tracheoscopy. Le ndlela kubhekwa ukuba ulwazi kakhulu. Ingqikithi Its ukuthi isilwane ngaphansi izinzwa jikelele zaphathwa ithuluzi okuthiwa i endoscope. Unikeza udokotela ukubuka uqhoqhoqho kanye ubude balo, kanye ukuhlola mucosa. Kwenzeka ukuthi uma lolu cwaningo akhishwa obuncane izicubu for ukuhlaziya, ukucacisa izinguquko yeselula, lwegciwane, ezifweni antibiotic.

degrees

Ngemva kokwenza ucwaningo ukuze kutholakale umsuka okungenzeka wokugoqa:

1. Ngokuvamile, uqhoqhoqho ine ijamo side oyindilinga.
2. degree Okokuqala. Uma kwenzeka Ovilapha ulwelwesi amaphiko futhi inesikhala we kuqhoqhoqho kuba esingaphansi ikota. Izindandatho ne evamile.
3. degree Okwesibili. Igobolondo sags kabi Ring kancane isicaba. isikhala semithambo yegazi bese kuyehla ngesigamu.
4. degree Okwesithathu. Igobolondo nokunensa kuze emasongweni cartilaginous. izindandatho flat. isikhala semithambo ayisesemikhulu.
5. degree Okwesine. Ulwelwesi amaphiko ibekwe emasongweni cartilaginous okuyizinto flat nesisontekile, cishe awekho imvume uhlala.

Indlela ukuphulukisa tracheal nciphisa e izinja

Ukwelashwa ngemithi ngokuthi isifo ikhethwa ngokuqinile udokotela, kuncike izici ngalinye isilwane. Ukuze sibi lesi sifo, ngaphambi linqume izidakamizwa, bezilwane izinyathelo eziqondile: ekulweni ukukhuluphala, ukusetshenziswa webele-bands esikhundleni collar, ukwelapha yesibili focus ukuvuvukala kule ipheshana zokuphefumula.

Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane kuyadingeka ukuthatha imithi yokuvimbela ukuphefumula. Futhi kwezinye izimo kufanele aphathe tracheal nciphisa, futhi ukwelashwa kwama-hormone.

Uma inja isibe blue nolwelwesi lwamafinyila, walaliswa ukuphefumula kakhulu, osidinga ngokuphuthumayo ukuba amthathe Vết, ngoba kulesi simo esiphuthumayo ukuba afeze ukuhlinzwa ukuze asindise ukuphila isilwane sika.

ukwelashwa kuhlinzwa

Kwesinye isikhathi uma inja tracheal nciphisa, ukuhlinzwa isilwane kuyadingeka. Kodwa ingabe-ke kuphela uma ukwelashwa akukuniki umphumela, futhi ukuphila kwesilwane kusongelwa.

Kunezindlela eziningana ongakhetha kuzona ukungenela kuhlinzwa ukuwa. incazelo yabo wukuthi esikhundleni ingxenye eyayonakele nolwelwesi kuqhoqhoqho sifakwe, okuyinto has zonke izakhiwo ezidingekayo ukuqinisekisa efanele inja umoya.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le ndlela ubhekwa ngempumelelo, futhi ngakolunye - kungaholela yezinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezifana ukwenqaba nolwelwesi, ukutheleleka, necrosis laryngeal ukukhubazeka kanye kuqhoqhoqho. Uma zokugula is hhayi ziphathwe, kukhona ukwehluleka sina zokuphefumula.

Enye ukuhlinzwa - stenting. Lokhu stent ukubeka self akhula okuyinto igridi eyenziwe inetha, ne Isikhala sayo esingaphakathi. It is ifakwe kuqhoqhoqho endaweni lapho kukhona ukuvaleka ongaphilile. Siyabonga kuye, wambambezela permeability emoyeni. Kuze kube manje, le ndlela ubhekwa ephumelela kunazo.

Uma tracheal nciphisa is ebonwe Chihuahua, ukuthi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha amalungiselelo abandayo, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, imithi elwa namagciwane, futhi anti-ukukhathazeka izidakamizwa. Inhloso bezingelwa odokotela, ngokuyinhloko kuba ukwelapha ngokuphelele, noma okungenani ukubambezela yonke inqubekela phambili isifo, ukuze uyisize imfuyo ukuze siphile impilo evamile.

ukwelashwa Imithi: bronchodilators, ama-hormone abandayo amalungiselelo

ukwelashwa ezinqunyiwe kuncike ukubonakaliswa lingaze futhi bronchodilators abhekwa izidakamizwa labalulekile eluLwimi yokwelapha lezi zifo, njengoba ukunciphisa spasm nokucindezelwa intrathoracic, ukwandisa mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi emincane yegazi futhi unike ukuphumula diaphragm. Ukuze izidakamizwa kulolu chungechunge zihlanganisa: "Theophylline", "terbutaline" "Albuterol" "Theophylline".

Ngu antitussive lapha zihlanganisa analgesics kwezidakamizwa, okuyinto nomphumela okulalisayo futhi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuyasiza ukulawula isikhungo ukukhwehlela. "Butorphanol" libhekisela eyodwa vó yalezi izidakamizwa. I lokuhlushwa izidakamizwa ikhethwa ngamunye kuye ngokuthi isifo. Esikhundleni "butorphanol" ngezinye izikhathi izidakamizwa "Gidrokadon" inikezwa. Kodwa kukhona ethile enkulu le mithi - inzuzo sabo eRussia sincane kakhulu.

Ukwelapha i-hormone isetshenziswa, uma ukhwehlela unamandla kakhulu. Uthatha edema obuhle kuqhoqhoqho kanye nokuzikhulula ekucindezelweni izimpawu zesifo. Ngekusetjentiswa isikhathi eside, kunokwenzeka ukutheleleka yesibili.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke lo muthi kuyinto ukuphathwa inketho ekahle. Izidakamizwa ezikhethiwe emva ukuhlaziya tracheal swabs ebusweni.

Anti-ukukhathazeka imithi aqokwa izinja abangothathekile ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa ukukhwehlela. Ngokuvamile, vets linqume izidakamizwa "Diazepam" futhi "Acepromazine".

Uma isilwane sivezwe ukukhwehlela ukucindezeleka, it is adingeka ngokuphuthumayo ekamelweni emtholampilo wakhe, lapho izinyathelo ezisheshayo esithathwayo.

futhi ngendlela efanele ukuthuthukisa inja ucabanga ekudleni ukwehlisa isisindo somzimba. Kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo medium lomoya ozungezile (akukho ukubhema uzame olandelayo, ukuze pholisa igumbi, sebenzisa humectant) futhi ufake lula breech-band esikhundleni collar.

Kuzokwenzekani inja emva kokuhlinzwa

Ngokuvamile, lapho Kutholwe tracheal nciphisa e izinja, impatho iqondiswa ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile uwukuphela kwekhambi le nkinga ukuhlinzwa.

Ngemva kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okubuyisela ngudokotela. Kubaluleke kakhulu nokusetshenziswa nokuvinjelwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo futhi ezingalapheki.

Ngezikhathi hlola stent liyadingeka ukukwenza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, afeze-X-ray kanye Endoscopy.

Umnikazi isilwane kufanele uqaphele ukuthi kukhiqizwe stent akuyona ikhambi lalesi sifo, nje kusiza ukusungula ukuphefumula evamile. Kodwa ukukhwehlela uzohlala njalo, ne isikhwehlela uzoqhubeka buthelela, futhi senja ukukhwehlela kwakhe.

Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukusungula uphefumula ngokuvamile esigabeni lesithathu noma lesine yenqubo sokugembula. Kungenjalo, nciphisa ngeke kwenzeke lutho.

Izinkinga ngemva ukubekela stent

Izinkinga emva inqubo wathi kungenzeka lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Allergy ensimbini.
2. Ukwaphuka we stent.
3. Shintsha yaso.
4. uhlale ukhwehlela njalo.
5. Kukhula mucosa tracheal.

Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, akunakwenzeka ukuba kudlule kokuhlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Bazokwazi ukusiza ngokushesha ukukhomba yezinkinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ukuze akuqede.

Ngakho sasisuke okungukuthi Ngokuwa kuqhoqhoqho. Lokwelapha lesi sifo kufanele kuqaliswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane eziqondile. Sekuyisikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukusiza isilwane sakho.

Onalesi sifo emva kokwelashwa

ukwelashwa okujwayelekile uthembisa Izibikezelo evumayo ngemva kokuvulwa inkambo izidakamizwa izinga evamile yokuphila isilwane sakho.

Ngo samuntu kuhlinzwa indlela kusebenta 81-91%. Kungcono Yiqiniso, kufanelekile ekwelapheni Izinja ezisencane. Uma inja omdala, nekusebenta kuyehla, nakuba kancane kuphela.

kakhulu kobukhulu isifo akuphazamisi Izibikezelo. Ngakho njengoba esigabeni sesine esimweni ukuphathwa elungile ngokuvamile kakhulu odokotela ukuthola umphumela omuhle.