Endaweni eYekaterinburg: Umlando

Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, kube nephutha isiko ngesikhathi esifanayo ne isisekelo edolobheni yanikwa ngempela indawo endaweni. Lo mthetho enwetshiwe ukuba ezigudle emadolobheni amakhulu namancane. Iyathinteka endaweni eYekaterinburg.

Inani

Phela, endaweni emphilweni abakhileyo emzini esadlala indima ebalulekile. It is hhayi kuphela ngidayisa platform. It ngokuvamile wahlala indawo izenzakalo ezihlukahlukene, ezifana imithetho kanye inhlangano nemibuthano yezohwebo. Enkathini yangaphambi kwezincwadi yokuntuleka abezindaba bakuleli dolobha weza lapha ukuthola izindaba zakamuva, iziphathimandla zikamasipala egcwele ulwazi olusemthethweni.

endaweni Ikhaya eYekaterinburg ngokuthi "Area 1905" iyathinteka. Kodwa izindebe bendawo kuzwakala hhayi nje njengomuntu "square".

Umlando: Ukuqala

Zonke esonta kanye ematfuba eziye zenzeka emlandweni Russia, ngezinga elithile ukuthonywa ekuguquleni ndawo.

Ngenxa yokuthi ekuqaleni nje le ndawo yayibizwa ngokuyinhloko asetshenziswa njengendlela yokuveza esikhulu okudayisa, kungokwemvelo ngokuba abantu Ekaterinburg kwakuyizwi Market Square. Leli gama yayikhona kuze kube yilapho eseneminyaka engaba ngekhulu le-18. Umcimbi olubalulekile emlandweni komuzi nomthelela ukuqanjwa kabusha yayo.

Kakhulu esakhiweni esidala ladilizwa nesonto St Catherine wakha isonto sokhuni Epiphany. Kusukela manje, futhi endaweni baba esontweni. Bekungeyona ngaleyo minyaka engaba ikhulu ikota, futhi eduze yabeka itshe isisekelo Cathedral of the Epiphany. Kusukela 30s kwekhulu le-19, leli thempeli. Lo mcimbi Kwakuhlangenwe okwesikhathi ukuqanjwa kabusha entsha. abathengisi eqaphelekayo - Shabalin, Savelyev ibhokisi - got mansions ocebile eduze sikwele. Eminyakeni 50 kwekhulu le-19, sakha isikole ngenxa namandla pola.Ploschad eYekaterinburg washintsha ne umlando edolobheni.

Umlando endaweni ngo-1902

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nasengxenyeni eseningizimu kwakukhona Old Gostiny Dvor, futhi endaweni ngokwayo usezuze ukubukeka ophucukile European - kwavula ngokugcwele ngamatshe kuvuleke lapho izakhamuzi nezivakashi bayakwazi ukuhamba namuhla.

Kodwa ngawo-1902, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi ngeshwa ngokuba Gostiny Dvor - kwaba khona umlilo phezu insimu yalo. Kodwa, njengoba isaga Russian uthi, empeleni yisibusiso lesi. Ukuphumelela Igumbi akabange esaba, futhi ukwakha entsha Gostiny Dvor, kodwa sesibili.

esikhundleni emihlanganweni

Inguquko lokuqala eRussia ngo-1905 ayizange iphumelele eYekaterinburg, ngokunembile, endaweni yayo.

Cishe 11 iminyaka - kusukela 1906 kuya Revolution kuka-1917, unyaka - Awukude Cathedral isikhumbuzo kuKesari-umkhululi u-Alexander II. Iqiniso lokuthi le nkosi waqeda serfdom eziyichilo, engakaze esikalini amasosha kahle wamavukelambuso ngokomqondo. It wahlupheka isiphetho zonke ezisithekileyo, zazihlobene uhulumeni tsarist.

Ngo-March 1917, endaweni emzini eYekaterinburg kwaqhutshwa umhlangano ekusekeleni February Revolution, kanye Ngemva kwesikhathi esingaphezudlwana kwenyanga kamuva - May imiboniso.

Ukuguqulwa emva Februwari Revolution-1917

Ukuze isinyathelo, awasalayo ngemva kwalokho kubhidlizwa ngo-1917, lesikhumbuzo ukuze u-Alexander II ka, isikhathi eside ayikwazanga ukuthola isicelo. Eminyakeni ecishe ibe ngu ezimbili - kusukela ngo-1918 kuya ku-1920 - kwakukuhle Statue of Liberty, kulandelwa ngokudayisa noKarla Marksa wema ezinye ezimbili noma izinyanga ezintathu ngo-1920, bese ngoMeyi 1920, ophezulu on a lesikhumbuzo isinyathelo ngokomfanekiso ngokuthi "Ukukhululwa wezeMisebenzi". Mina ngangisebenza ebaziwe of S. D. Erzi. Kodwa ukuboniswa lesikhumbuzo okwenzeka eminyakeni eyisithupha kamuva. Njengoba isisu lo umqophi wemifanekiso, uphawu zomsebenzi abakhululiwe kwakufanele abe indoda nqunu, zihambisana ngamaketanga, kwaba umzukuzuku ukugqashula. Ngokusobala, akuzona zonke izakhamuzi bathanda lo mbono. Endaweni eYekaterinburg wazama ukuhlobisa kanye nezinye izakhiwo.

Point ezindaweni ezisithekileyo olubabazekayo zemabula isinyathelo setha ngo-1930 - design adiliza ngokuphelele. efanayo Isiphetho edabukisayo kwamehlela Cathedral of the Epiphany Cathedral, ngoba lokho wayemelela, kuphambene imibono ka Marxism-Leninism. Ubukhulu lombhishobhi elandelayo amaqiniso: ukuphakama kuhlanganise Spire - 66 amamitha; inombolo enkulu of amalungu esonto, okuyinto yokuhlala emagcekeni - 4.5 ayizinkulungwane. Umqondo we-ithempeli lizovuselelwa mlando akalilahlile amandla ayo futhi manje.

Kusayithi we isinyathelo adiliza ukwakhiwa leli sonto lakhiwa ngo-1930 esuka egwadle yesikhulumi. Phakathi umbukiso, anikezelwe ipumelelo inguquko kanye uhulumeni wamaSoviet, abaholi beqembu, emi kuso, ephelezelwa ukubukwa amakholomu kwabasebenzi emnyangweni wezempi. Ngo-1957, endaweni eYekaterinburg ehlotshisiwe lesikhumbuzo kumholi sabasebenzi V I. Lenina.

Igama lanamuhla elithi

Nokho, ngasekupheleni 20 nasekuqaleni 30 sika-ke kwaphawulwa hhayi kuphela ukubhujiswa lesikhumbuzo Ngishoné ehlobo of the Empire, Russian. Kwakukhona imigqa emibili tram phezu ekhona sesibili entsha Gostiny Dvor ungeze ezimbili ezintathu. Kusukela ngo-1947 kuya 1954 ngemizamo umakhi GA Golubev isishintshe isakhiwo, kuhlanganise inhlokodolobha ukuhlelwa kabusha zabhekana olungaphambili lwesonto; esakhiwe umbhoshongo nge ebusweni zegolide we Spire, wezwa ngaphakathi chime; ophahleni esisogwini ipherimitha izibalo ukhonkolo.

Ngenxa eyakhelwe ngo-1994, metro station kwegama elifanayo "Area 1905" (Ekaterinburg) ivakashele kule ndawo uye atjhaphuluke khudlwana. Kumemori izenzakalo-mbuso ka-1905 ngemuva ke washaya ngegama lalo lamanje. Kusukela eYekaterinburg okhula minyaka yonke. Ikhamera ( "Area 1905" kungakusiza esesikubonile yimuphi amagumbi zwe futhi hhayi kuphela) kungavimbela isiphithiphithi uphazamise nezimoto izigameko ezingezinhle.