Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova: Biography, umndeni, amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov - ungomunye walabo emlandweni kabani iminikelo isayensi Russian ayikwazi overestimated. I usosayensi odumile akazange afune ukwenza umphakathi ekuphileni kwemikhaya yabo, kanjalo nobuhlobo umkayo futhi wahlala ubufakazi kancane kakhulu. Imininingwane Ngisho kancane iyatholakala mayelana omncane amadodakazi usosayensi, kodwa ukudalelwa Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova baba owalandela ematheni uhlobo.

umshado abazali

Uma e 1711 Pomorsky umdobi Vasily Dorofeyevich Lomonosov wathi Michael lendodana yakhe eyayisanda kuzalwa wake ashade indodakazi iMarburg elikulesi futhi ingxenye imeya yedolobha Genriha Tsilha, yena cishe besingeke wakukholwa lokho. Nokho, umhlangano kwesibhamu abantu abasha kwenzeka ngempela, uma eJalimane lafika ukufunda abafundi abathathu abavela eRussia.

Zilch umfelokazi, Catherine Elizabeth, esifushane izimali, futhi ukondla nendodana yakhe nendodakazi, banquma ukunikela ingxenye yendlu. Wathatha ukunakekela MV Lomonosov, DI Vinogradov futhi GU Reiser, nabasha ngokushesha kwakuthandeka izingane zakhe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lona wesifazane waphawula ukuthi Russian umfundi Michael nendodakazi yakhe u-Elisabethe uthando nomunye, bafuna noma nihlukane noma ukushada. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Lomonosov ubekade ngempela nesimo esinzima, njengoba ayephethe Lutho neze ukondla umkhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithiyo is okuqondene ezahlukene abathandi izinkolo. Kodwa waswela indawo ukubaleka, njengoba ngo-November 1739 umbhangqwana saba nendodakazi, Catherine Elizabeth, okuyinto kulotshwe imibhalo njengoba bastard. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, ehlobo lika-1740, Mikhail Lomonosov washada ne E. K. Tsilh esontweni umphakathi Reformed ka-Marburg, futhi kamuva ngonyaka waya Russia, ukushiya umkakhe, ekhulelwe ingane yakhe yesibili, ukuze anakekele unina ogulayo.

Bafowethu kanye nodade

Ngaphandle Catherine Elizabeth M. Lomonosov eMoscow State University e 1741, indodana Ivan wazalelwa e-Germany (Johann). Elena wayengakaze asibone isakhiwo mfowethu nangokuthi dadewethu, njengoba efa, kokubili ngaphambi kokuba azalwe. Ivan Lomonosov wahlala nje kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, wembelwa iMarburg noCatherine Elizabeth asebefile ngenxa yalesi sifo ngo-1743 ngokushesha ngemva kokufika kwakhe nonina umalume wakhe Johann Zilch Petersburg.

ebuntwaneni

Elena Lomonosova, obazali bakhe ngaleso sikhathi baye bakwazi ukwenza ngokomthetho ubuhlobo sabo eRussia, Wabelethwa ngenyanga kaMhlolanja ngomhlaka 21, 1749 Petersburg, kule boom isakhiwo Vasilevsky Island, efulethini olunikezwa uyise, Academy of Sciences. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-8 ubudala, abazali bakhe ekugcineni atholwe izindlu zabo phezu Moika. Kule ndlu yakhiwe emklamweni ejwayelekile ngqo University, wachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwakhe okufushane.

Ngokusobala, wake uyise matasa akazange achithe isikhathi esanele ekwakhekeni indodakazi yakhe kuphela. Lapho Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova lakhula kancane, bese ngisebenza esinye isikhathi eside uthisha wakhe wahlabeka nonina owayeka bafunda isiJalimane wakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukhulele ezungezwe abafundi kayise abavame ukuvakashela emzini wabo futhi uxoxe nabantu abafundile esiningi saleso sikhathi umsebenzi ayikwazanga kungabanga nethonya eliyinzuzo kuyo.

ukushona kukayise

Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov, wafa ngo-1765 yizifo ezinjenge-pneumonia. Umkakhe, u-Elizabeth Andreyevna, ngasinda umyeni wakhe nje isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe yena wayekhathazeke kakhulu ngalokho okwenzeka indodakazi yakhe kuphela. Ngemva Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova akuzange wathola kusukela ifa elicebile kayise, futhi wayengenayo izihlobo abanethonya futhi wakuthola. Zona efanayo Elizaveta Andreevna wayevamile iyagula futhi wayazi ukuthi izinsuku zakhe zibaliwe. Yonke imicabango yakhe babe mayelana nendlela ukuthola umyeni Iyafaneleka indodakazi yami, kodwa ufuna uzobopha elikasofasilahlane nge Isipho wayengekho.

lomshado

Ngingalindele kubo bonke ehlobo 1766 Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova (1749) wayefundeni kunina ukuthi kule ntombazane woo Aleksey Alekseevich Konstantinov. Le ndoda yayingeve indodakazi endala engu-20, kodwa Elizaveta Andreevna wamthola ephathini ezinhle, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi afike wakhonza khona njengenceku yezincwadi siqu uCatherine II futhi ngajabulela kwelungiselelo elikhethekile ka iNdlovukazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo E. A. Lomonosovoy sibi nsuku zonke, ngakho has Septhemba 15, 1766 umbhangqwana ushada. Ngakho, ngemva kwenyanga umshado nesizotha Elizaveta Andreevna bephuma ngokuthula kuleli zwe, siqiniseka ukuthi ahlelwe isiphetho indodakazi yakhe kahle.

umshado

Lutho neze nesikhombisa Elena Konstantinova University-wazibonela uthando esinamandla sokuba umyeni wakhe. Nokho, umshado walo iDemo wayengekho engajabule ikakhulukazi njengomkhaya nabazali, wayengatholi ejwayele ukunethezeka akuvamile wavakashela esigodlweni. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova akusho nesisindo ukuhlala unomphela ekhaya ngenxa ezilandelana sokukhulelwa kanye nokunakekela izingane.

izingane

Phakathi neminyaka engu-6 sishadile, Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova, biography okungukuthi njengoba short njengoba ukuphila kwakhe, wazala izingane 4. Indodana yakhe kuphela Alex owazalwa ngonyaka emshadweni, futhi wafa eneminyaka engu-7. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Elena wayengunina namadodakazi amathathu. Kulezi isiphetho ezithakazelisayo kakhulu waya Sofia. Ngokuba ezinye ezimbili, khona-ke cishe Catherine (1771-1846) no-Anna (1772-1864) Konstantinov engaziwa. Into kuphela ngabo ngokuqinisekile - abesifazane azange abe inzalo.

Izingane UZandile Alekseevna

Zonke abazukulu Elena Mikhailovna zaba abantwana hero odumile seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili, Jikelele Rajewski, okuyiwona e 1794 washada S. Konstantinov. Zonke wabeletha amadodana amabili namadodakazi amahlanu:

• Alexander (1795-1868), ukhushuliwe elisezingeni sombutho.
• Catherine (1797-1885 inkosikazi ka Decembrist M. F. Orlova, maid udumo).
• Nicholas (1801-1843, umsunguli we Novorossiysk nezinqaba eziningana eNorth Caucasus).
• UZandile (c. 1802), oshone ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ubudala.
• UHelen (1803-1852, incekukazi udumo ngesikhathi egcekeni uNicholas II).
• Mary (1805-1863, unkosikazi S. G. Volkonskogo).
• UZandile (1806-1883, izintokazi of).

Bobabili umzukulu Eleny Lomonosovoy baba ezempi kanye zihlukaniswa ngokwabo phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Ayikho isiphetho kancane ezithakazelisayo elindelwe futhi umzukulu usosayensi omkhulu - Mary. It hhayi kuphela yaba enye yezindawo Muses Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, kodwa futhi wabonisa izwe isampuli elingapheli ukuthembeka nokuzinikela, kulandela kanzima umyeni wakhe - uSergei Volkonsky. By the way, udadewabo Ekaterina Nikolaevna waba naye ushade omunye wabahlanganyeli nokuvukela we Decembrists iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokuphila kwakhe ekudingisweni.

Manje uyazi ukuthi hlobo luni lokuphila wahlala Elena Mihaylovna Lomonosova. Umkhaya usosayensi okukhulu kwaholela ukuphila okulula, kuncane kakhulu ngakho ezaziwayo. Nokho, kuyinto elingenakuphikwa ukuthi kuyinto ezingemuva ithembekile, wamnikeza Ekaterina Andreevna no-Elena avunyelwe M. V Lomonosovu babe inkanyiso enkulu yesayensi Russian.