Hillary isinyathelo, emthambekeni weNtaba Everest: incazelo kanye nomlando

Kuyini uHillary Isinyathelo, uyazi yonke umgibeli ngubani amaphupho ukuze anqobe Everest. Abanye bathi lokhu endaweni esabekayo, enezinto nezidumbu abanqobi kuhlulekile "phezulu enyakatho yomhlaba." Abanye - lutho akhethekile yokhalo esiyingozi singamelwe. Ngo-Alps, isibonelo, kukhona udonga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Futhi uma izimo zezulu kunikela, nezimvaba babe-mpilo sokunqoba emthambekeni uHillary ingashintshwa ukuze ukuphakama umzimba kalula. Sherpas ukwenza kube izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenkathi. Bona proveshivajut intambo, okuyiwona-ke ninamathele abaqwali kanye nezivakashi ibhizinisi. Kodwa lesi sihloko akuhloselwe ukuphendula umbuzo lula noma kanzima nokunqoba esiteji uHillary. Thina kuphela ukukutshela ukuthi siyini. Futhi ulwazi kanye nemifanekiso kungenziwa uzakhela yezimo zezulu eziyinkimbinkimbi nokushintshashintsha umkhankaso.

Everest

Phakathi nekhulu le-nesishiyagalolunye British Geodetic Survey ezikhonjwe nezinsimbi intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke izintaba zaseHimalaya. Kwakubonakala litholakale emngceleni Tibet futhi Nepal 15. vertex inani eliphakeme 8848 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, yaqanjwa ngokuthi behlonipha lwekhanda lalowo umsebenzi, Umdabuli George Everest. AmaNgisi babengazi nokuthi entabeni ukhona igama. Nepalese wayibiza ngokuthi uMama WoNkulunkulu - Sagarmatha. Futhi nabaseTibet ngokuthi iNtaba Qomolangma. Kubo, esivelele shining lifanekisela uMama oMkhulu Life. Le ndawo u njengengcwele. BaseYurophu kuphela ngo-1920, umholi Tibetan ngokomoya uDalai Lama ukuvumele ukuzama ukuhlasela kwakhe. Nokho, i-Mount Everest yabekwa kuphela nanye ngaphansi akhawunti bomkhankaso, esahlanganisa izinyathelo uHillary ku Everest. It is esigama yokudumisa omunye wamalungu ayo, okuyinto ngokuhlanganyela Sherpa Tenzing Norgeyem lokuqala wawenyukela "phezulu enyakatho yomhlaba."

Kuyini lizinga uHillary

Climbing Everest akuyona azikona eyinkimbinkimbi okusezingeni eliphezulu. Endleleni azikho Amashalofu okubeka mpo, okuyinto akwazi ukugibela ngaphandle umgibeli oqeqeshiwe. Izinkinga ezibhekene abanqobi ka Everest, abhanqiwe kuphela omkhulu entabeni eziphakeme. 8000 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle, iqala okubizwa ngokuthi ukufa zone. Oksijini emkhathini rarefied liphansi kakhulu ukuze siqhubeke siphila. lokushisa okuphansi nokucindezelwa uvuke Komuntu izinto ezimbi kakhulu, wazala base imizwelo engokwemvelo. Kulesi simo, isinyathelo ngasinye unikezwa nge nobunzima. Futhi lapha, esondelene kakhulu phezulu athandwayo, endaweni engamamitha 8790 amamitha, ikhula uHillary Isinyathelo - kwelivi mpo ehlanganisa ice neqhwa ohlangene. Babalelwa ku-ke ayikho indlela. Kuzo zombili izinhlangothi lizungezwe amawa kakhulu etulu. eyodwa kuphela into - ukukhuphuka cishe mpo trinadtsatimetrovomu onqenqemeni.

Hillary ukugibela i-Mount Everest

Lolu hambo lika-1953, nanye babegqoka abantu engaphezu kwamakhulu amane. share sengonyama zaba abathwala impahla kanye nabaqondisi - Sherpas. Laba bantu babe ezimpilweni eside at kokuwa eliphezulu. Ngenxa lithathelwe Sherpas nwe volumetric futhi inhliziyo namandla, kanye nezimo emangalisayo ngenyanga. Lolu hambo kancane. Ukukhulisa futhi lithathelwe wathatha izinyanga ezimbili. Iqembu wakanisa endaweni engamamitha 7900 amamitha. Leso sichotho sashiya kukhalwa lokuqala elaphuma umgibeli phezulu ezimbili British Charles Evans T. Bordillon. Kodwa ngoba benezinkinga ne buso oksijini, baphoqeleka ukuba ubuyele. Ngosuku olulandelayo, 29 Meyi, ukuzama inhlanhla yabo off the waseNew Zealand Edmund uHillary nge Sherpa Tenzing Norgeyem. Ngemva eningizimu ikholomu umzila ivinjiwe esiteji yabo omkhulu firn. Hillary tie the intambo futhi waqala ukugibela emthambekeni cishe mpo. Waselula a cornice iqhwa. Ngokushesha intambo kuye, futhi Norgay wakhwela. Iziqongo pair of abaqwali okuye kwafinyelelwa kuyo 11,30 ekuseni.

Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo ukugibela ezihambisana nezinga woMbuso eMelika uHillary

Abanqobi lokuqala Everest bafika lapho babelibangise khona ngaphambi emini, futhi ngenxa yalokho bakwazi ukushiya "zone sokufa" ngaphambi kokuba lishone. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. amamitha Ngoba ngobusuku obubodwa ngenhla namakhulu ayisishiyagalombili ngaphezu kolwandle kusho ukuthi izokufa. Manje ekunqotshweni Chomolungma enikeziwe ngokungenzi inzuzo. izivakashi eziningi abacebile wokuvelela degrees sokulungiselela obuhlukahlukene ithunyelwa isiphepho Everest. Kodwa, bezintaba nomdlandla isimiso esifanayo. Ukwanda kokusa, bamashe up, izithombe phezu wonke mayelana imizuzu 15-20 kanye Uzalo ngokushesha ekamu. Kodwa uHillary Isinyathelo - emthambekeni lincane kakhulu, ukuze uphuthelwe abantu ababili. Ngenxa yalokho, ngakho ngokuvamile kudala ulayini, ngisho elwa. Phela, ngezamabhizinisi akhokhe izinkulungwane zamaRandi ukuze emqansweni Everest, ungafuni ukusamukela umqondo wokuthi badinga ukuba ngibuyele emuva ngingahambi ngoba kwakusebusuku. Ezinye babashayeli izibi, ukuya isiqongo babhubhe endleleni.

Amacebo ngezamabhizinisi

Kunemibono eminingana sendlela yokwenza Everest ethengekayo. Hillary esiteji awukwazi ukuthatha okuningi kuka izisulu. It akusabonakali isithiyo esingenakunqotshwa ngakho. Ekuqaleni kuka-April, iqembu Sherpa efika ekamu unomphela, ukuthuthukisa isimo sawo bese uya phezulu. Lapho, lezi namadoda abanesibindi proveshivajut uHillary izindophi ezitebhisini, okuyinto ngokuhamba isizini ukukhuphuka izinkulungwane baseYurophu nabaseMelika. Lezi zivakashi ocebile oyozuza ulandele Sherpas imithwalo futhi umoya-mpilo amasilinda. Ngakho sibacabangele ngokungathí sina umbono yokwakhiwa Everest ... ikheshi. Yiqiniso, le esiqongweni sentaba kuyodingeka ufake Dome ukuthi uzobe ulele ne emoyeni njengoba gumbi. Kodwa ngisho noma sihumusha lo mbono ngokugqamile ibe yinto engokoqobo, kusenzima izinkulungwane zabantu ngeke umbelesele emithambekeni yezintaba, egijimela yokunika eneqhwa.

Sherpas uhlelo

Guides, naye engafuni ukulahlekelwa imali abayitholayo, wanikela umqondo kancane ebizayo ngaphandle ikheshi Everest. Kuyinto ukuba ahanjiswa kumzila izigaba eziningana uHillary izitebhisi umile. Loluhlelo akubukeki ngempela ngakho ongenangqondo. Sherpas nokunye ukusungula izakhiwo ekamu base endaweni engamamitha 5300 amamitha. Basuke kuvuleke izitebhisi metal emva kokuba motion njalo Khumbu Glacier futhi ukuhlomisa umzila eSigodini Ukuthula (6500 m). Ngaphambili they proveshivajut kuzilandeleli ezimbili iphuzu encane ehlombe. Nokho, manje, banikela isethi ezibanzi metal izitebhisi kuya Isinyathelo uHillary. Everest sibonga kubo iyoba kufinyeleleke kakhulu, ngoba kwalelidwala ngeke emigqeni.