Egypt, Giza: izikhangibavakashi idolobha (isithombe)

Enye yezindawo oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke emhlabeni - kuba Egypt. Giza - edolobheni, eduze okuyinto eziyinkimbinkimbi imibhoshongo, emathuneni oFaro, has amandla okungavamile. Wonke umuntu owayekulelo bandla, wavula izimfihlo okumangalisayo lokhu ngempucuko yasendulo.

izindlu Country lelikhona ngalabafile

umlando onothileko ezithakazelisayo laseGibhithe. Ngokusho yetinsita kusukela ekuqaleni kwezwe, leli zwe lalibuswa onkulunkulu. Kwathatha ezizukulwane eziningana ngaphambi kokuba yaletha abantu savagery wabanika amandla ngokuphelele. Esokuqala kwaba lasemhlabeni yinkosi Menes. Inganekwane ngaye waphumela esiGrekini nokunye kamuva isiko zomlando wamaRoma. Ukhuluma mayelana Menes has kaDiodorus, Manetho, uHerodotus, nabanye.

Wahlanganisa Upper futhi Lower Egypt futhi wasungula emzini Memphis. mbhoshongo - ukuthi kule ndawo ekhaya yokuqala yokuphila ngemva kokufa atholakele. Sekukonke zikhona mayelana 118, iningi emzini Giza, Egypt. Photo edume kunazo kungabonwa asendabeni.

Ngokusho imfundiso yokuziphendukela abanye ososayensi ezihambisana mbhoshongo nge amabele, ngokuba eligoqiwe kweqembu, it has a ukuma okufanayo. Lamanye ahamba kuqinisekiswe ukuthi uhlobo ikhekhe, esasetshenziswa esikhangisweni se le ngendlela yesiko lesonto. Ngokuvamile, emathuneni abafileyo bangcwatshwa futhi konke kwakuzodingeka ukuphila kwamanye amaplanethi. Kodwa ukwakhiwa kule nsimu zadalwa ngamanye amazinga. Bona kusimangaze ngezabelo olunembile lathumela, ijubane ukwakhiwa wafaka amakhulu imibuzo mayelana nokuqokwa kwakhe. Izimpendulo zale abacwaningi ufuna kuze kube manje.

City kwemibhoshongo yaseGibhithe

Eyesithathu nesinabantu abaningi kunazo zonke kuleli zwe - emzini Giza eGibhithe. Mhla sigcina ukubala, inani lezakhamuzi Imali ilinganiselwa ngaphezulu kuka-3 million. Manje kule ndawo eduze ngokuphelele yonke ingxenye esentshonalanga ye-dolobha.

Ngezinye ibanga-25 km kusuka Cairo noma 8 amakhilomitha ziphenduka ugwadule kusukela Giza bathola izakhiwo yezakhiwo XXVI-XXIII eminyaka BC. e.

Kwaphela isikhathi eside, nomuzi wawungowegolide edolobhaneni, kodwa ngekhulu leminyaka lamashumi amabili. It laqala ukwenyuka kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu kwaba izivakashi, izazi-mlando, abathandi art owacabanga kuyisibopho kuwo uvakashele Egypt. Giza kwaba emathuneni esenyakatho Memphis, idolobha ukuthi ngesinye isikhathi abadlale indima lasendulo impucuko dolobha. Manje kuyathandeka badrshein kuwufanele.

Ukuthandwa naphakathi kwabakhileyo ezweni got Giza imibhoshongo ekwakhiweni ababusi IV lwamakhosi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abameleli lokuzalwa odlule bangcwatshwe kulezi zindawo.

iparele ehlane

Omunye sezimangaliso eziyisikhombisa zezwe kuyinto mbhoshongo ka Cheops. Kuze kube manje, izazi-mlando azikwazi ukuphendula umbuzo kanjani futhi kungani lokhu Isakhiwo sakhiwa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngisho geniuses xxi leminyaka yokwakhiwa yesimanje abakwazi ukufeza olinganise ekahle yejeyomethri wethuna. Hhayi abasekeli kuphela izakhiwo zasendulo abantu abakholelwa ezidalweni ezingaphandle komhlaba, beza eGibhithe. Giza iphiramidi kanye kubabangele yayo nge izimfihlo eziningi.

Ikhasimende wayeyinkosi Khufu, kangcono eyaziwa ngokuthi Cheops. Igama lesibili yazibonakalisa yawenza ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi zezazi yamaGreki asendulo.

Inganekwane ethile ukuthi le nkosi yayiyisazi engumashiqela ngesihluku, futhi wahlupheka kusukela okuyize of ubuhle bezinguquko. Nokho, akekho engcebweni noma faro yena ethuneni ayizange ezitholakele. Ukuhlela ukwakheka kubhekwe umshana yenkosi, wezakhiwo Hemiun. Ngokusho imibhalo, ukwakhiwa eyathatha iminyaka engu-25.

Kukhona izinguqulo ukuthi yakhelwe Mbhoshongo Omkhulu anibona abantu, futhi njengabafokazi kusukela Sirius. Kukhona isitatimende ukuthi lokhu kudalwa Atlantis. Ayikho ezithakazelisayo kancane inketho unikele isimangaliso ngempucuko yasendulo, ezingeni lapho abantu besikhathi ungazange esekhulile.

eziqongweni imfumbe

Ukuphakama bubble wokuqala ekuqaleni safinyelela 146,60 amamitha. Kodwa Cheops hhayi elilodwa vo elalakhiwe endaweni ensimini Giza ithafa. Ancient Egypt futhi inama isimangaliso esifanayo.

Kopisha eyakhelwe owalandela Khufu, iNkosi Chephren. Abacwaningi namanje abazi ukuthi wayengubani eyandulela - indodana noma umfowabo.

Lokhu mbhoshongo yakhiwe eminyakeni engu-40 ngemuva kosuku lokuqala, cishe phakathi BC XXVI leminyaka. e. ukuphakama kwalo ka 143,9 amamitha, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi isakhiwo itholakala kwi amagquma aphakeme, futhi izindonga abe emthambekeni emaweni, ongaboni kubukeka elikhulu.

Kanye ethuneni Cheops, siqukethe ikamelo okuyizinto imihubhe emincane.

Kusengenzeka zisesimweni esikahle, nakuba, njengoba isakhiwo sokuqala, kancane encishisiwe ngobukhulu nangamandla ukuphakama. Manje 136,4 m futhi 210,5 m up × 210,5 m base (uqalise nge 215,3 × 215,3 m).

emathuneni abathathu kanye ehlotshiswe amatshe ukuma pyramidal ukuthi umphelelisi Ensemble. Ngeshwa, zonke unyamalale lwesikhathi. Izazi-mlando awazi abakwenzayo, lokho abantu okukhulunywa ngabo Kwasetshenziswa. Okuwukuphela umthombo ulwazi mayelana nalesi ingxenye ethuneni - ichopho Khafre. Nakuba mbhoshongo sishoda, zanda, okuyinto yafakwa itshe. Lokhu kuye kwasiza ukuba ubuyisele isakhiwo ukuze ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni.

unogada emathuneni

Esifanekisweni enkulu emhlabeni - Elikhulu Sphinx esikukhompiyutha. Egypt bekubona njengoba iwuphawu amandla umbusi. It is machined kusuka itshe okuqinile, Lion umzimba obuphelele - 73 m, ukuphakama - 20 m lesikhumbuzo elise okuphambene isakhiwo sesibili .. Kukholakala ukuthi ekuqaleni kwaba ikhanda bengonyama, bese kamuva ezinye UFaro waselaya ke ukubukeka Khafre.

Ngeshwa, esifanekisweni hhayi agcinwayo Uhlobo lokuqala. Kukhona izinguqulo eziningi izinsalela lilimele. Omunye wabo - igalelo asebenzelana umnyombo amabutho sikaNapoleon. Enye - the zenzisa Arabhu abahlala ezweni esihlabathini, usebenzisa Sphinx njengoba okuqondiswe kuyo izibhamu. Lokhu kwakubangelwa yokuthi inkolo yabo yenqabela ukuyichazela UBUSO bomuntu.

Esiqalekisweni ethuneni

Ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke lasendulo, uzobona imibhoshongo ezintathu olukhulu kunalo lonke Giza. Egypt abuqede ngenkathi emathuneni sokuphana ngento enkulu ekwakheni Menkaure iphiramidi. Lesi sakhiwo kungokwalabo izihloko zamuva kwencani, aphansi futhi yalaba abathathu. Kuyinto kuphela okweshumi kwe Cheops. Ingabe 200 m kusuka Hefrena. Ukuphakama -. 66 m isakhiwo laqedwa 2505 BC. e. Ukuma nesitayela kuhlukile kusukela ezimbili zokuqala, ukuthi amaGreki asendulo imigomo emisha ukwakhiwa isikhathi ifreyimu - azungeze 550 BC. e.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho kwakhiwa mbhoshongo aye anda cishe kabili. Futhi, Mycerinus ikhasimende kwakungelona sibabekezelele. Ukuze zihambisane inqubo, amatshe kungukuthi kusetshenzwe uhlelo ngaphambili. Noma kunjalo, lo mbusi lwahluleka ukwakhiwa sokugcina.

Ngo-1837, umuntu waseBrithani Govard Vens wavula ethuneni lakhe. Wathola sarcophagus futhi isivalo ngesimo izibalo womuntu. Igugu wazama ukuhamba eNgilandi ngomkhumbi. Kodwa ngesikhathi kunesiphepho wacwila kanye nokuthola. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kukhona legend of isiqalekiso.

omunye Yiqiniso

Ngaphandle nje kokuthi nemizila izivakashi jikelele, ungavakashela izindawo ezingadumile kakhulu kodwa ngokulinganayo engaqondakali. Ngokwesibonelo, kuyoba mnandi ukubona emathuneni amakhosikazi oFaro, abapristi nezikhulu isikhathi.

Okunye okuphawulekayo yilokho Museum esikebheni welanga. Yena uzoba akutshele mayelana izinganekwane, okuyinto wahlala eGibhithe lasendulo. Giza unazo yayo le yamathuna ka Saqqara ngesikhathi. Kukhona izakhiwo 11, ikakhulukazi VI lwamakhosi, noma kukhona izakhiwo ezindala. Against ngemuva jikelele imele le Isinyathelo Pyramid ka Djoser. Siqukethe 11 omngcwabo amakamelo, lapho amalungu omndeni bangcwatshwa.