ECrimea, Balaklava. zokungcebeleka

Lo muzi wabhala Pushkin futhi Mickiewicz, Akhmatova futhi Kuprin nezinye abalobi abaningi kakhulu. Bonke bahlatshwa umxhwele ubuhle bendawo nendawo esikuyo zemvelo ekhexisayo. Namuhla, it edonsela abathandi holidi elimangalisayo futhi engavamile. Ukuze uphumule ebhishi, kufanele aye skiff yakhe noma isikebhe. Lokhu kuyokunika okuhlangenwe nakho ongenakulibaleka of Balaklava bay, uvikelekile ezintweni ezintabeni ogwini.

City balaclava ezikhangayo zazo eyaziwayo ukuthi abantu abaningi ezweni elaliyiSoviet Union, ise-eningizimu-ntshonalanga yale nhlonhlo eCrimea. Lo muzi, oyingxenye Sevastopol, nakuba uyashiywa ke ngumuntu endaweni kahle esikhulu. igama lalo muzi ihumusha Turkish njengoba "inhlanzi tank".

Lo muzi emangalisayo has lenqwaba izikhumbuzo nemvelo, umlando izakhiwo. Namuhla sethula wena ezinye zazo. Ngakho, balaclava (eCrimea) ezikhangayo igama.

Cembalo inqaba

Akubuzwa, abantu abaningi bathole Sevastopol. Balaklava, lapho izinto zichazwe zonke izincwajana travel ejensi, ngokuqinisekile ingxenye izinkambo ukubona indawo. Ngokuvamile bajwayelane izindawo ekhumbulekayo iqala Cembalo.

Lokhu kuqiniswa ubonakele phezu Kastron entabeni, emnyango kuya Balaklava Bay, ekhulwini XIV. Yakhiwa kulezi zindawo ixazululwe Genoese. Entabeni elise ingxenye zokuphatha le nqaba -. EMzini St Nicholas, ngezansi edolobheni St George, okuyinto esasikuyo manje nayo yayibiyelwe obuthathu izindonga .. It izakhamuzi ezivamile wahlala. Ngo-1475 yena lathunjwa abaseTurkey, ngubani uqambe kabusha ke uBhalakhi-Juve.

Bona ephethwe balaclava phakathi namakhulu eminyaka amathathu, kuze kube isikhathi eside kakhulu njengoba Russian engazange wawina Peninsula. Phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea, kwakukhona khona isikaniso samabutho British. Namuhla le nqaba Cembalo walondoloza amanxiwa kuphela, nokho ngalé kwezindaba imibhoshongo yalo phezu Castle Hill kuyinto bokuthi Balaklava. Sihlela ukwakha Museum lapha, othola sokubuyiselwa.

emgqonyeni sokufa

Izikhangibavakashi Balaklava, izithombe kwachazwa lapho kungabonwa ku Umhlahlandlela umuzi, libonise Umlando waleli dolobha emangalisayo.

Yesikhathi eside izinqaba ugu, egqoke igama esabekayo, esisogwini atehlukanisa entabeni, emadolobheni asemaphethelweni Balaklava. Ngokungavamile ingxenye yaleli isakhiwo iphuzu okwashiwo, yazalwa obukhulu zempi uthayela ngesimo izigubhu.

I earthworks lokuqala kulezi zindawo esakhiwe umbimbi neMpi YaseCrimea futhi lavuselelwa kaningana phakathi kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala. Ngenxa yalokho, balaclava Fort, okuyinto kungabonwa okwamanje, uvele 1920, ukuze cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo futhi zakhiwe amaphuzu amabili observation.

"Wemigqomo" has a ububanzi 1.8 amamitha, ukuphakama -. 2 m It is kahle walondoloza futhi ulenga phezu kwewa ngenhla a gap omkhulu (360 m). phansi balo nezindonga zenziwa izimbotshana ukuze kokudubula futhi endaweni yokubuka. Long izakhamizi ngesikhathi Balaklava ukutshela legend ukuthi amaNazi wadutshulwa "umgqomo 'athunjwa amasosha aseSoviet izidumbu zabo silahlwe kolwandle. Ngakho, kwakunesidingo igama esabekayo - Wemigqomo ukufa. Nokho, abukho ubufakazi obubhalwe wasala le nguqulo. Manje is a platform enkulu wokubuka. Kanti inikeza umbono ngendlela ekhexisayo olunothile Cape Aya, ku Ayyazma pheshana, kanye emnyango edumile Balaklava Bay.

Aya Cape

Itholakala ogwini oluseningizimu, inhlonhlo ye-eCrimea. Lokhu emaweni sangaleso yokhalo main ezintabeni Crimean nge iphuzu esiphezulu - entabeni Kokiya Kala (558 m). Namuhla kuba kazwelonke landscape inqolobane "Cape Aya", laphetfwe balaclava (eCrimea). Kokubona Cape - ipheshana Batiliman pitsundskoy lezixuku enkulu pine, uphayini Stankevich kanye zokhuni, kanye ugu eziyinkimbinkimbi zasemanzini, esemgwaqweni eduze kwaseCape Aiya. Ngezinye unyawo lwayo kukhona emigedeni ehlukahlukene ebhishi enkulu enegama romantic "ethi The Lost World". Ukuze uthole kuso kusukela Balaklava kungenzeka kuphela ngokususa ulwandle.

Balaclava: Museum kwamanzi

Buka lesi eziyinkimbinkimbi izinkulungwane zezivakashi ezweni lethu nabantu baphesheya. "Balaclava" - Museum, esungulwe ngo-2002 ngesisekelo lesi sitshalo komhlaba ngenxa nokugcinwa nokulungiswa ngwenya.

BSF base ethekwini Balaklava okwaqala ngaphambi kwempi yezwe yesibili. Kwabe sekulandela 155 Brigade ngwenya kwamanzi. Ngo-1950 kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha isikhungo imfihlo ngomshoshaphansi. endaweni Inxanxathela matasa-10 sq. km. Yena utholakale eshaywe waze kule ntaba, engasempumalanga liphuma phezu kogu lolwandle e-amamitha 120. Lalinama ukukhanda futhi arsenal zenuzi. Ukujula isiteshi amamitha ayisishiyagalombili, onqamula lonke entabeni, ikuvumela ukubeka izikebhe eziyisikhombisa ekilasini 613th futhi 633rd.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu XX, ngokuqondene kabusha imishini yemikhumbi, ifektri elahlekile ngokuhlathulula ukusebenza kwawo njengoba luhlobo wezempi. Ngemva kokuwa kweSoviet Union kusukela insimu yalo yonke imishini eyigugu isuswe.

Namuhla-ke ingenye ezikhangayo ethandwa kakhulu anawo Balaklava ngesikhathi. Museum yasungulwa ngesisekelo kahle walondoloza izakhiwo ngomshoshaphansi. Lapha kukhona nokucacisa ngilandisa lonke emlandweni wemikhumbi yempi, amabutho kwamanzi Sea Fleet zase-USSR, zezombusazwe izici lempi neMpi Yomshoshaphansi.

Namuhla, izivakashi angahlola ukuphathwa isiteshi komhlaba ifektri langaphambili arsenal, lapho ngesinye isikhathi egcinwe sezikhali zenuzi kanye torpedoes. Nazi izibonelo amamodeli we yempi, izikhali kanye nemishini.

Kwelinye zemibukiso namuhla usebenza Umbukiso emikhulu ye nemibukiso ezihlobene nenkathi yeMpi YaseCrimea. Kuhlanganisa: nezempi, imiklomelo, imifaniswano, amasampula izibhamu kanye nezikhali bladed, izinto siqu kanye nezinhlamvu ukuze ukuhlola izikhulu kanye amabutho eziphikisayo izinhlangothi, tableware nendlu izinto.

Fort "Northern Balaklava"

ukwakhiwa kwalo eyathatha iminyaka emithathu (1912-1915 g). Itholakala endaweni engamamitha 212 amamitha phezu mullet entabeni Vries. Fort siqukethe uhlelo futhi ube nemigodi ngemigodi ngokwengxenye concreted elaliqoshwe edwaleni. ukujula yabo kwamamitha amathathu amakhilomitha amabili ubude.

imigodi Western nasempumalanga concreted zemibukiso axhunyiwe. ubude bayo - 124 metres, nobubanzi kancane mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 2.5 m, ukuphakama - 3.5 amamitha. Moats embozwe ukhonkolo, imitha elilodwa obukhulu. Umhubhe kwaba imibhede 240. izimbobo ukupholisa ezindongeni ezakhiwa zonke amamitha 7 kanye okungokwami kanye ezitebhisini okuholela ebusweni, kahle zonke amamitha 30.

Shtolnya entshonalanga adjoins gearbox, elithatha ukugqagqana ka 2.2 m kanye nohlangothi odongeni ukuphakama 1.5 m. Kukhona Kwakuhlelwe ukufaka izibhamu 75-milimitha, kodwa hhayi izibhamu efakwe mayelana nesigameko iphutha Okthoba lapho kugumbuqelwa umbuso. Kamuva, lesi sakhiwo iye yasetshenziswa njengomuthi indawo yokugcina izimpahla yomnyango isitoreji iziqhumane nezinhlamvu.

Isonto Nambili

Hhayi izikhumbuzo kuphela ezihlobene umlando Sea Fleet, idume Balaklava (eCrimea). Izikhangibavakashi, izithombe zazo ungabona kulesi sihloko, ningabaleli nokubaluleka okungokomlando, zamasiko yezakhiwo.

Ithempeli lokuqala lakhiwa Genoese e 1375 ngalona endaweni lapho ithempeli manje Nambili. Yakhiwa ngekhulu XVIII ku izisekelo zethempeli odlule. Phakathi neMpi YaseCrimea, kwathiwa ezilimele futhi kabusha abazinikele e 1875. It alondolozwe ngokucophelela izinsalela elingenakuqhathaniswa Ibutho Balaklava ngesiGreki. Ezikhathini zaseSoviet esontweni yavalwa ekamelweni lakhe ekuqaleni ihlelwe iNdlu Amaphayona, futhi club kamuva. Ngo-1990 isakhiwo waphindiselwa isonto.

lesikhumbuzo Kuprin

Balaklava, okuyinto ezikhangayo abazinikele kubantu abadumile, lesikhumbuzo elidume umbhali Russian Alexander Kuprin, eyabekwa phezu elibheke olwandle e-2009

A.Kuprin kusuka 1904 kuya 1906 wayehlala balaclava. Ngalesi sikhathi waliloba izahluko zokuqala zencwadi "Duel", le ndaba edumile "In Memory laseChekhov." Ngo-November 1905 wabona izenzakalo Black Sea Fleet kanye nodlame phezu impi esheshayo engahlomile kakhulu "Ochakov". Nokho, ngemuva kokushicilela isihloko esithi "Developments e Sevastopol 'ephephandabeni" Ngibambeni "Petersburg (1906) Kuprin waphoqwa oda amaphoyisa ukuba bawushiye lowo muzi, Sevastopol futhi Balaklava sihloko baqhubeka luzwakale kulo izindaba zakhe ezifana" The Dream "," Listrigony " "Caterpillar", "Svetlina".

Itshe lesikhumbuzo sidalwe ngosayizi ophelele. Umbhali wayo - P. Siskin. Okugweda - K. Tsihiev, Gordeev. Ukuhlela ukwakheka - G. Grigoryants.

19 Ibhethri Drapushko

Lesi sakhiwo, eyaziwa ngokuthi uCaptain Drapushko ibhethri lakhiwa iminyaka nambili (1912-1924 GG.). Kuyinto phezulu entabeni, eCape Kuron. Ngemva labakhi behlome ngemibese ezine 152 mm ubukhulu izibhamu ezingase ukuhlasela yempi futhi Cruisers at ibanga km 20. Ngemuva instrument ngalinye zase zihleliwe ukubala, ehlanganisa abantu 12. Projectiles enesisindo 52 kg Kondliwa ngesandla.

Ngo-November 1941, lesi ibhethri iphansi kwesandla sika-uCaptain M. Drapushko ukuthatha ukulwa izingxenye undlovukayiphikiswa. Esikhathini Battery 19 lwabhidlika ngesikhathi edlwengulwa ka Sevastopol. Ngokushesha ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, sase siphendukile futhi baqhubeka bekhonza. Ngo-2002 yena waba elingasekho empini futhi adiliza.

Kuyinto idolobha eziyingqayizivele Balaklava. Izikhangibavakashi (izithombe okwethulwa ngayo izinto zethu) avikelekile ngokucophelela futhi ebucayi kakhulu, njengoba abaningi babo ukhulume esidlule nobuqhawe amatilosi Russian.

Okukhulu kakhulu Chelter-Marmara

Lolu amazing emhumeni sezindela eqhubeka eduze corniche Chelter-Kaya phezu Ternovka. Siqukethe imigede ezingaphezu kuka-50, okuyinto zitholakala eziyizitezi amahlanu Refectory namaseli, igalari elinamakholomu ezinhlanu, Umbuso indawo amakamelo, kanye esontweni lobuKristu. Isakhiwo lizungezwe amawa ezingafinyeleleki kanye okwakheke rock. Lokhu sezindela usuqalile ukusebenza kusukela ekupheleni XIII ukuba XV ngekhulu, nakuba abanye abacwaningi abathi indalo yayo kuya VI-IX eminyaka. I epithet "Marmara" (okusho Marble) babevela igama emzaneni ephakathi. Amanxiwa akhona futhi namuhla kungabonakala emithambekeni entabeni.

Sasixoxa ngaLowo edolobheni elihle YaseCrimea ka Balaklava. zalo ezikhangayo nibaluleke kokubukeza. Esihlokweni ezimbalwa amasayithi kubhekwe. Kuwufanele nize kule ndawo olunothile futhi ubone zonke izinto ngamehlo akho.