Cembalo Fortress (eCrimea): incazelo, izithombe, umlando

Harpsichord - izinqaba ogwini eCrimea, kuyinto lesikhumbuzo lathumela, esemgwaqweni balaclava. Okwamanje, kule ndawo zitholakala emanxiweni nezakhiwo zasendulo ukuthi bakhonze njengamaphayona Luhambo esemqoka yedolobha.

Citadel egqumeni - nomele okhazimulayo izakhiwo medieval ku enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea. Isakhiwo zezakhiwo ukuzivikela, esisogwini Kastron entabeni phezu bay abadumile, uphefumulela nenhlonipho ejulile ngaye ngisho ifomu yezincithakalo.

ECrimea - Fortress Cembalo

Millennium bay Kastron okukhulunywa ngaye emibhalweni ka ezifana amadoda odumile njengoba uStrabo, uPtolemy, Pliniy Starshy nabanye, kodwa akekho kubo okukhulunywa mayelana nanoma yisiphi ngomzana, ngisho nomncane. Lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala komnikazi ngosuku egqumeni emuva emakhulwini eminyaka X-XI.

Cembalo inqaba ehlukanisiwe edolobheni emfantwini ezijulile. Eceleni amathuna wakhe kusanda kutholakala eyaqala isikhathi ngaphambi ukubukeka kulezi izindawo Genoese.

Ezinye nezinye izakhiwo, okungaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvela wezokuHlaliswa kwaBantu ixazululwe ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi etholakele. Kuyadingeka ukuba aqhube ngokuphelele abavubukuli, okungase ukuqinisekisa noma zingamanga khona amapaki kanye nemizana zabantu endaweni zezintaba kanye bay Kastron ukuze AD X leminyaka.

Kanjani balaclava?

Edolobheni, abantu babephila kusukela kudala. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaGreki, abeza omuzi, sabanjwa lezo zindawo Tauri, ngubani babehilelekile ukudoba kanye ukudunwa ezaziwayo.

emzaneni isiGreki sasiwulimi ezimele kuze ekhulwini lokuqala leminyaka AD, aze wathatha ibutho lamaRoma, wanquma abuqede pirate ukuhlaselwa Tauri.

Phakathi abavubukuli kwa-1996, ithempeli Jupiter watholakala, ezakhiwe amaRoma, wona, kanye isiphetho khona ngaphambi kwekhulu IV.

Cembalo Fortress. Umlando nesenzakalo

Ngokusho amarekhodi okungokomlando Genoese uvele endaweni Balaklava e 1343, thatha ususe izwe kusukela aristocrats ngesiGreki. Engxenyeni esenyakatho sentaba abanikazi ezintsha wemba umgodi, ifakwe kushaft ngafaka nayo yonke udonga, amaqembu lokhuni.

In the side esenyakatho ye-mpumalanga yentaba bakha umbhoshongo itshe nge esangweni. Kuze kube manje, izivakashi zingathola ukucabanga lezi zakhiwo, noma kunalokho, ukuthi okusele kwabo.

Ngo 1354, ngemva kweminyaka engu-11 ama-Genoese esungulwe ngokwabo phezu Kastron entabeni ekamu labo, izindonga wabo wafika Khan Dzhanibek, akekho noyedwa kulaba baholi lempi zidlamlilo. I Latins akazange ufuna ukujoyina naye kulokhu kubulalana washiya isiphephelo sabo futhi Khan umane ashisiwe uhlala izakhiwo ezingenalutho.

Kwaphethwa ngokuthi ngemva kweminyaka emibili ukuthula phakathi AmaTatar kanye Genoese, futhi abanikazi wangaphambili wabuyela esihlalweni sakhe.

Balaklava Cembalo Fortress ngokushesha kwase kubuyiselwe, kukhona futhi 1357 wandisa nge-structure amasha ukuzivikela.

Ukuqokwa isakhiwo ukuzivikela

inqaba Genoese wasiza ukuhweba bephephile ezindaweni Black Sea futhi ulawule bendawo. Ngo samelana kokuvinjezelwa eziningi kanye izimpi kanzima Chembalo iminyaka eminingi. Fortress e 1433 lathunjwa Prince u-Alexei Tsar Feodor. Ngemva konyaka, amabutho wathumela kusukela Genoa, wabuyela abanikazi bayo bangaphambili. Kodwa kakade 1475, futhi kwathatha iminyaka engaphezu khona, kulokhu sase abaseTurkey.

Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu XIX ngaphansi kwezindonga zawo ukulwa okwenzeka phakathi ikampu British kanye Balaklava ngesiGreki, eyalwa ukuba inhlamvu odlule. Ngo 1941-1942, le nqaba kwaku Soviet Infantry Regiment, ubambe umugqa ngokumelene ethuthuka ukwahlukana German. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi Cembalo inqaba kwaba eziqine kukho ukubhubha ukhona. Ngisho nalapho ukuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla ngo-1927, le nqaba sasingawohloki iyiphi umbhoshongo.

Harpsichord - ngaphansi emoyeni Museum

Okwamanje, amanxiwa Uyi lesikhumbuzo ezinkulu bokwakha lempi Ephakathi, okuyinto utholwa yibo bonke comers nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Cembalo Fortress, ukudalulwa kwalo okungahle iyagcinwa encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla lasendulo, lakhiwa endaweni ekahle phezu ongakhetha zamasu. Kolunye uhlangothi kule mpi kuyinto eweni eweni, waphonseka elwandle, futhi ngakolunye iyona bay. Lokhu ukwakhiwa indawo evumela ukusetshenziswa esiphezulu sendawo ukuvikela inqaba kanye bay, kanye nokulawula imizila yemikhumbi. Kwanele ukubeka udonga okuqinile ohlangothini ezweni, njengoba isakhiwo ibonakala cishe ungenakunqotshwa. Phela, anamagama ahlelwe njengoJohane has a izinqaba medieval ku Sudak. Kube lenqaba has ezintathu kuphela izindonga, futhi esikhundleni yesine - eweni ungenakunqotshwa. Isibonelo esifanayo yakhiwe futhi Cembalo.

Fortress iqala nge ukuvakasha, emakethe lasendulo kanye ne-port. Endulo izindonga zawo wakhonza njengephayona Ukuvikelwa amakota zokuhlala ngendlu edolobheni elincane. Izindonga zakhiwa itshe Crimean ngodaka lwe-lime.

Isakhiwo inqaba

Along azungezwe isakhiwo ukuzivikela yamatshe eyishumi nesithupha sezibekwe, emanxiweni ezinye zazo kungaba esisibonayo namuhla. On esiqongweni sentaba liwukuphela kwesakhiwo esiphezulu lenqaba, ngokuthi isiboshwa. It bavikela ukwakhiwa zemibhoshongo eziyisishiyagalombili ezengeziwe, wahlela umbuthano. Cembalo Fortress, izithombe okuyizinto sasili- ngaphakathi Consular nqaba futhi isonto amasiko, cishe wakhonza njengephayona endaweni yokungcwaba abantu abadumile.

Donjon, embonweni ka abaklami kungaba yinto yokugcina okungaphendukelwa kuyo, uma bathunjwa noma ubhujiswe izindonga. Yena wayengumbulali ezintathu-tiered, enophahla oluyisicaba. Basement kwathiwa eligoqiwe ngesimo Isigaxa ufushanisiwe, okuyinto wabekwa ngaphakathi isitsha amanzi. Izakhamuzi inqaba wathatha amanzi kusukela mullet Vries, usakhonza njengephayona umthombo yokuphakela amanzi balaclava yesimanje.

amakamelo elise esitezi enqabeni yesibili ophilayo. Muva nje, kuye kwatholakala izinsalela umlilo. Esitezi lwesithathu kwakukhona patrol. Ebusuku noma yesimo sezulu esibi umbhoshongo maphakathi wakhonza njengephayona beacon. Ngaphansi isiboshwa has zewayini eziningi, ayehloselwe ukugcina ukudla kanye nezinhlamvu.

citadel namuhla

Manje Cembalo inqaba lichithekile, kwakukhona imibhoshongo amane, abanye izindonga Ukusekela kanye zokuzivikela futhi emanxiweni esontweni. Ngo-2008, ngenxa imvula enkulu, okuyinto zakhukhula ngaba nokucindezeleka osekukade ku wokwakha washaya North-Eastern udonga enqabeni.

Le nqaba ingenye yezindawo avakashelwa yizivakashi abeza wayethathe uhambo oluya kuyo Sevastopol nezindawo ezizungezile.

Uma ekhuphukela phezulu entabeni Kastron lapho isiboshwa le nqaba, ivula panorama emangalisayo kwedolobha Balaklava, okuyinto elisendaweni itheku, bawabulala sezwe ezizungezile.

Njalo ehlobo kukhona hambo eziningi, futhi ekwindla ku emanxiweni i inqaba yasendulo ihlelwe tournaments jousting.

Eduze emanxiweni siphela indlela izivakashi okuholela emabhishi odumile Balaklava, eyaziwa ngokuthi Gold Isiliva, kanye esiqeshini Fig.

Kusukela 2004 kuya 2007, Ukraine kabusha nokubuyisela emanxiweni enqabeni usechithe cishe abayizigidi ezingu-2.5 hryvnia (abangaba yizigidi ezingu-8), kodwa lezi zimali kukhona enganele ukubuyisa ngokugcwele emanxiweni futhi zizenza isakhiwo izivakashi ukuthi ubonisa izinqaba yezakhiwo Ephakathi futhi namanje bakwazi ukuheha abavakashi abaningi.

Indlela eya Balaklava

Ukuze izihambi futhi akukho kobunzima ukuvakashela inqaba Cembalo. Kanjani ukuze uthole ezincithakalweni? Ukuze wenze lokhu, nje kudingeka ukuya Sebastopol, Balaklava ngoba emaphethelweni. Khona-ke yonke into ilula. Edolobheni ethokomele Bay yoLwandle Olumnyama ukuze amanxiwa asendulo webhasi kane ngosuku. Isikhathi sokuhamba - imizuzu 25. Ungathola futhi Hitchhiking, njengoba lo mgwaqo egcina Shuttle amabhasi amaningi.

Kungenzeka ukuya Yalta Balaklava ngokusebenzisa ngemoto. Ibanga phakathi emadolobheni - amakhilomitha 75. Thola kusukela komunye umuzi komunye kungakusiza ngokuhamba ihora elilodwa.

Kukhona enye indlela elikuvumela ukuba uvakashele Cembalo inqaba Balaklava. Une ukuya kusuka Simferopol, inhloko-dolobha kule nhlonhlo, omunye amabhasi ukuthi ukusebenzisa kane ngosuku. Isikhathi sokuhamba - amahora 2-2,5.

Tour enqabeni

Ukuze uthole Cembalo inqaba, ungasebenzisa indawo iziphakamiso amathathu adumile:

- "Balaklava Kugcine". Umzila uqala usuka efektri ukukhanda futhi kabusha ukuhlonyiselwa submersibles ke isikebhe uhambo futhi ekugcineni - Ukuvakashela emanxiweni inqaba. Ubude besikhathi izivakashi indlela - Amahora ayisithupha, kuhlanganise okungenani isigamu - ukuhamba olwandle futhi ukubhukuda. Umzila obuphelele - 50 km.

- "Bay Listrigon". I ubude kanye nobungako ukuvakasha kuyafana e umzila odlule. Honours ngale ndlela ukuthi uhambo ngesikebhe kwenziwa ngemkhunjini Cape Fiolent - endaweni yasezulwini ogwini Black Sea.

- Okwesithathu waqondisa hambo luqala izinto Balaklava futhi ihlala ngomkhumbi olwandle iCape Aya kanye ipheshana elithi "The Lost World." Tour uphela kwi Kastron entabeni, lapho kanye wema Genoese, ogama amanxiwa nge izinsalela tower ne izindonga izivakashi ungabona esikhathini sethu.

Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo zomlando mayelana Chembalo

I inqaba ngokwayo wawuhlukaniswe waba yizingxenye ezimbili: edolobheni engenhla, anikezelwe St Nicholas futhi isendaweni a top entabeni, futhi phansi - ogama lakhe behlonipha St George, esisogwini emthambekeni egqumeni.

izindlu izakhamuzi enqabeni - Esikhathini Upper Idolobha kunesidingo ukuze kusebenze zezakhiwo zokuphatha le nqaba, futhi phansi elalakhiwe.

Esikhathini inqaba wahlala ezimbili abacibishelayo umphathisikhwama, umahluleli, umbhishobhi, umdala, futhi izithunywa, amacilongo nedlanzana ezimbalwa.

Labantu esemqoka ye nenqaba kwakungamadodana Genoese eyayinazo zonke amandla esifundeni, kuhlanganise ekuhwebeni. Futhi emboniselweni wahlala amaGreki, AmaTatar, amaJuda, Armenia lwamaSlav.

isiphetho

Kulabo ufuna hhayi kuphela ugxumela ubuhle heady yemvelo elisogwini oluseningizimu ye-eCrimea, kodwa futhi uthinte inkumbulo Balaklava ephakathi, uzizwa umoya izakhiwo zasendulo, ozibonile esikhathini sokuphila kwakhe ezimpini eziningi futhi kokuvinjezelwa, ukunqoba futhi ukuhlulwa, kutuswa ukuba uvakashele entabeni Kastron futhi emi kuso amanxiwa inqaba Cembalo. I ngomhla esiqongweni sentaba, ngeke abashiye ubani umuntu ngabandayo.