Vala-ikhithi umndeni ka imikhomo

Smooth (real) imikhomo - it is a okukhulu kakhulu, kunemibhalo eyayihunyushwe kabi futhi Big netitselo, furrowing ulwandle kule planethi yethu. Igama umndeni wabo ngenxa ukungabi ku emphinjeni kanye isisu imivimbo ahlukahlukene kanye anemifantu, okwenza umzimba bushelelezi kakhulu. Okwamanje, umndeni lwemidondoshiya has a ubulungu izizukulwane ezimbili nezinhlobo ezine. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke umndeni whale ka bushelelezi imidondoshiya Cetacean - ihabhu. Cabangela lezi zilwane zasolwandle kabanzi.

Systematization kwemikhomo

Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale indaba, kungaba okufanelekile ukuba uhlu zonke amalungu omkhaya. Lapho ngakho ngenxa yokuthi awayona kangaka. Izazi uhlukanise lezi izilwane zasemanzini izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela. Okokuqala - bowhead imikhomo - imelelwa omunye umbono eyodwa igama elifanayo. Okwesibili - imikhomo eningizimu kwesokudla - imelelwa ezintathu zinhlobo: esenyakatho, eningizimu futhi Japanese. Kwenzeka inqaba, uhlobo Greenland bowhead imikhomo ngasekupheleni Miocene futhi ekuqaleni kuka Pleistocene, seyenziwe nezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezahlukene. izinsalela zamathambo zabo ziye etholakala eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu.

Incazelo umndeni

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, amalungu omkhaya - giant omkhulu futhi Clumsy enekhanda elikhulu. Ubude lezi zilwane ongafinyelela afinyelela ku-18, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuze 22 metres. ngaleyo ndlela isisindo sabo zokhahlamba kusuka amathani 30 kuya ku-100. Empeleni, phakathi kwezithunjwa kukhona abantu 15 metres ubude. NgoLwesine kutholakale isidumbu sendoda lezi imikhomo phansi obukhulu futhi abushelelezi. Abanalo imivimbo longitudinal futhi imisele, zona esabelwe umndeni ezifanele. I amaphiko lezi zilwane esifushane, kodwa ububanzi, kanti umlomo lincane, kodwa okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Lapho ingabe baqhubeka bephila?

Abamele ozala Giants bushelelezi baphile ikakhulukazi olwandle, ahlala Pacific, ulwandle i-Atlantic ne-Arctic Ocean. Ngokwesibonelo, enyakatho whale kuyo amanzi Atlantic. congener yakhe Japanese ingatholakala kulo lonke eNyakatho Pacific. South umbono we izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo zisakazwa emanzini abandayo bese esipholile of e eNingizimu Nenkabazwe Zomhlaba. Vala-ikhithi umndeni ka imikhomo - Greenland polar - ukhetha ngamanzi abandayo Nenkabazwe. ihlala kuhlobene ne ice ezitholakala khona elintantayo.

Indlela yokuphila imikhomo

Akunjalo kudala, Izazi ekugcineni esiphethweni sokuthi abamele umndeni uthanda ukuhlala yedwa. Akuvamile ingabe bathola ucime amaqembu 4-5 abantu, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu. Amaqembu ala imikhomo zitholakala ezindaweni emakamu eliphakeme ukudla. Nqamula imidondoshiya cishe ngesikhathi kwamanzi.

Ososayensi bachaza inqubo yokondla imikhomo njengoba okuthile okujabulisayo futhi engavamile: ngesikhathi ukudla kwabo ziyabuya ezinhlwini lomo ezivulekile, futhi njengengonyama vacuum cleaner, encela kuzo zonke izinhlobo krill, plankton, kanye nezinye izilwane. Iyatholakala ungqimba obukhulu fat ongama kakhulu siba sibi ukudluliswa ukushisa emzimbeni alezi zilwanyana, ngakho babengazi ukubhukuda emanzini ashisayo.

Baleen imikhomo, njengazo zonke nezinye izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo - kuyinto ezincelisayo viviparous. Ngamanye amazwi, hhayi kuphela abaziniki kodwa izala izinhlanzi eziphilayo kakade, kodwa badle ubisi! Yingakho iphutha ukukholelwa ukuthi imikhomo - inhlanzi. Phela, ubisi whale izikhathi 10 inkomo okunomsoco. Yingakho kityata ezincane zikhule ngokushesha kakhulu.

umkhaya weNkosi

Greenland whale polar - kwekulu yazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo emelelwa umndeni. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lena kuphela omele omkhaya eponymous. It kungokwalabo suborder ka baleen imikhomo. Okwamanje, kuyaziwa ukuthi ubude bezinhlamvu emzimbeni waleli giant ongafinyelela 22 metres. Kulokhu, nabesifazane ngokuvamile kunangendlela kwabesilisa. Isisindo lezi ezincelisayo kuhluka amathani angu-80 kuya kwangu-150. Bowhead imikhomo - abatshuzi esihle. Abakwazi kalula kufike amamitha angu-200 ukujula, nihlale khona, kuze kuphele imizuzu engu-40. Isivinini esimaphakathi ukunyakazisa bowhead imikhomo - 20 km / h.

A whale esikhulu emndenini bushelelezi - irekhodi ukuze nempilo ende phakathi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla. Kuyinto ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka engu-40, kodwa lokhu akuwona umkhawulo. Ososayensi baye bame kwelokuthi izimo umuntu ngempela aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-211! Kuyinto nakanjani irekhodi!

Kanjani futhi yini ukudla whale bowhead?

Ngesisekelo ekudleni lezi zidlakela ka plankton - ukudla abawuthandayo. Greenland whale polar uncamela udle izilwane ezincane ezinamagobolondo (isib, copepods) kanye pteropods. Adult imikhomo liyanda ngelanga up 2 amathani plankton! Inqubo yokondla lezi zilwane akuhlukile amandla bonke abamele suborder ka baleen imikhomo. Lokhu kuwasiza ukuba okuthiwa whalebone - kokuminyaka imihlathi ekhethekile ukulengiswa amapuleti. Omunye umuntu yabo kungaba kusuka izingcezu 320 kuya 370. Ubude ipuleti ngamunye - kuze kufinyelele 4.5 amamitha.

Njengazo zonke inhlobo yakhe, umkhomo elikhulu emndenini uhamba bushelelezi enqubeni yokondla nge vula umlomo emanzini, ukusika ngayo umzimba wakhe onamandla futhi omkhulu. Ufana giant cleaner wezindlu, ke sucks kukho konke iza ngendlela yakhe. Lapha kulapho kungena khona imisebenzi isihlungi zayo zemvelo - whalebone. Ezinamagobolondo axazulule phezu kwezitsha enkulu baleen, bese nakanjani esusa nezilimi kugwinywe. Isakhiwo esihle kunazo zonke amapuleti enjalo ivumela esincelisayo ukuhlunga krill, okuyinto ngenxa yobukhulu bawo, kungenzeka zingatholakali yezinye imikhomo.

On onqenqemeni yokuqothulwa

Izilwane zasemanzini ezincelisayo we ezifuywayo nomndeni abangu pretty okuningi ekhukhulwa indoda eside ngaphambi Whaling inqubo ngcono. Futhi sonke ngoba imikhomo kulula ukubamba: bahlala elingenhla izingqimba amanzi, igcinwe eduze nogu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayephuza futhi nzima. Ngeshwa, esikhathini sanje, inani lezi ezincelisayo ayiyinhle. Ngokwesibonelo, umkhoma eningizimu kwesokudla imelelwa abantu 7,000, nasenyakatho - abantu 300. imikhomo Japanese ngokuvamile abanalo kunabantu abangu-200.

North nemikhomo Japanese ahlelwe eNcwadini Olubomvu njengokungathi ngezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Umphakathi njengoba nozakwabo eningizimu, ngenhlanhla, kancane kancane uyalulama. Okunjalo nesithakazelo esikhulayo lezi zidlakela ngenxa ukukhululeka yezokuthutha. Iqiniso lokuthi semali amafutha akusho whalers ayebulala isilwane ukuze ugxumele emanzini - isilwane is ukukhukhuleka phezu kwamanzi.