Bobani namanenekazi? Ubani nabizelwa Amakhosi Ephakathi?

mlando Medieval ukubiza izikhathi kusukela V ukuze XV leminyaka, okungukuthi isikhathi esisukela kokuwa koMbuso waseRoma ekutholakaleni Melika. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, kulezi zikhathi babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli amnyama, zobuqaba, abangenalwazi, enobudlova futhi igazi. Nokho, kanye laba bantu bazi ngesimo romantic, nezigigaba chivalric, troubadours, ukwakha amasonto ababhishobhi amakhulu ngokubabazekayo nezigodlo kwesikhathi.

Ngubani Señor

NgeNkathi Ephakathi, umphakathi waba yizigaba ezintathu, ngamunye ephethe yemfanelo ebalulekile:

• ethandaza - lokho abefundisi;
• zamasosha - a namanenekazi, ukuvikela izwe;
• ukusebenza - lokhu abalimi.

Ubulunga be iqembu ethile sitholwa njengefa. Abantwana bakwa-abalimi kufanele kube abalimi, Knights ungenziwa kuphela ozalweni knight, umpristi - indodana wesigodlo.

Zonke izigodi ukufeza umsebenzi wabo yomphakathi ebalulekile. Abefundisi anakekela imiphefumulo yabantu, amakhosi kuqashelwe lizwe, amalungu emikhaya ukulima konke ukudla. Ngokwalo mbono, abamele ngamunye amakilasi kumelwe ukulandela ngokucophelela bo bopho ukuphila ngokuthula nabanye.

Ngubani Señor? Ukunqunywa ngomlando uthi kuba zomninindawo, umnumzana ngubani unamandla yenkosi endaweni elizweni lakibo.

Isakhiwo sabaphathi izikhathi feudal

Ngo Ephakathi, iningi labantu eyingoduso kwezolimo. Esimeni semakhaya izimpi engapheli kwenzeka division zabantu zibe labo abenza ukutshalwa ezweni, labo ziye zaphumela ungcono ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali. Eligcwele izingozi izikhathi nomthelela ukuvela yashesha professional ekilasini yezempi, futhi lokho kancane kancane ahlukaniswe ibe stratum ahlukene emphakathini.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi ingcebo abantu main Ephakathi babebhekwa njengabangakufanelekeli phansi. Indawo waklonyeliswa bamazwe sokwethembeka inkosi, wathola nabo impahla nezigigaba lempi. Land, nanganoma isevisi ngokuthi "feuds". Noma ubani owamukela isabelo esinjalo, waba ngaphansi kwesizwe we donor, wayengumuntu ukukhonza zenkosi yakhe, ukulwela ke okungenani izinsuku ezingama-40 ngonyaka. In the ukungabikho ezempi eyenziwa lezempi enqabeni ngesikhathi inkosi.

Okuxoxiswane amandla uhlelo

I-medieval izinduna uhlelo ucingo. Bobani namanenekazi? Laba bantu (amakhosi, nezikhulu eziphakeme, izikhulu, amaqhawe, ngisho nabaholi besonto) kusengathiwa abanikazi avelele umhlaba. Ziyakwazi fair nowokupha akhonze yakhe, ukubasiza, abavikele. Phakathi abameleli Izicukuthwane yayikhona uhlobo isibopho ngesisekelo okuyinto uhlelo lukahulumeni yakhiwa kuleli umphakathi amakhosi asendulo.

I rừng eliphakeme esitebhisini ayekhonza inkosi. Bambiza ngokuthi lo wazo ophakeme noma uJehova kuqala. akhonze ngaphansi Direct benkosi babengena kubhekwe abameleli imikhaya yizicukuthwane nezicebi:

• ezo futhi Earls;
• abakhulu kanye nababhishobhi;
• abbots.

Ngesikhathi sigaba esilandelayo babe akhonze abamele ephakeme - kwezicebi, owavele, okufakiwe kuze kube Knights. Konke lokhu "isitebhisi" umshikashika zigcinwe ka artisan kanye abalimi, ukuhlinzeka lizwe isinkwa sokudliwa nezingubo zokwembatha.

Ukuhlolisisa lokhu isakhiwo phezulu, kuyacaca ngobani Señor Ephakathi - a kulowo muntu olungileyo, has e impahla estate akhonze ngaphansi kwabo.

nawubuka izigodi

Impilo ka-abalimi, akha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi labantu kakhulu sincike abadala. imisebenzi yazo ihlanganisa hhayi kuphela ukusebenza umndeni wakho, kodwa futhi ukusebenza kulelikhaya Ukubala ezimbalwa days ngesonto, kanye imisebenzi yomphakathi ukulungisa ezicijile, amabhuloho kanye nemigwaqo. Yayikhokha uju, amaqanda noma okusanhlamvu, izithelo noma inyama izinyoni ngethuba ukushada, ukusetshenziswa wokugaya wendawo ugaye okusanhlamvu.

Ngobani Amakhosi abalimi medieval? Lezi "izizwe" namandla ngubani, ngokudla kanye nomshikashika isiqinisekiso tillers kungenzeka yokuthola Amasimu ukuze iqashwe ephilayo, ezikhulayo okusanhlamvu. UMnu wakhonza njengephayona Ukuvikelwa ukuba abalimi ukuba ngingayi empini, kusukela zithi ka bangaphandle ezikhathini oluyingozi.

Umbuzo "Ngubani Señor," indaba uthi uhlobo nomvikeli. Abalimi kakhudlwana futhi iziza bezwe in the ifa uJehova, ngakho waba namandla kakhulu, bukhule, wakhula okukushoyo nomphakathi.

Imisebenzi kanye amalungelo isigaba aphansi

Abanye abalimi abaningi baye baphoqeleka ukuba usaziphilela ezweni kanye nenkululeko. Bavumelana ku ukuphila engaphansi esenana self-ukuvikelwa kanye nokuvikeleka. izinduna kwaba inzuzo ngaphezulu ukuze uthole kusukela abasebenzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Nokho, kusukela elambile futhi abalimi abampofu, ababephakathi izikhonzi abavikela yakhe, kwakungelula ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, Ephakathi, izintela, imisebenzi elindeleke kanye amalevi kungagcini kwezinkambiso ezithile ngokwezifiso.

Bobani namanenekazi? Lokhu izinduna, abakhuluphele njalo uzimisele kuthathe ukuvikela abalimi, luwathathe enarheni le inkululeko etholakalayo. Nokho, futhi adayise noma ukushintshanisa, futhi emzimbeni okujezisa noma akhiphe laba bantu, babengenazo kwesokudla.

Ngisho engaphansi kakhulu abalimi singakwazanga ukulixosha bevela ezweni sekukhokhwe izinkokhelo esinqunyiwe. Ubuhlobo izikhulu kanye tillers kungukuthi kulawulwa whims uMnu nasemasikweni ezimisiwe emphakathini. Endabeni ukwephula abalimi amalungelo abo waya enkantolo futhi ngek kaningi.

abanikazi okuqondile futhi zokuhlonipha

Land endaweni Manor, le nqaba futhi yakhuluma ngokuthi isonto lendawo ngokuthi abadala. Isimiso lefa onjalo kwakuyiNkosi inhliziyo emnothweni ephakathi. Ngo iningi izigodi babevela omunye imizi eminingana ne ngokuhambela izindawo ezaziseduze. Ngubani Señor? Ukunqunywa okulandelayo: umnikazi zokuhlonipha noma ngqo yonke impahla e abadala ethile.

Ensimini kumele kube Ilokhi - uphawu enkulu estate isikhungo control. kwamakhono okunjalo uhlobo ebonakalisa amandla akhe phezu kwabantu futhi insimu.

Ngakho, umbuzo "abangababiziweyo noMbusi wababusi," kungashiwo ukuthi lesi izinduna nge akhonze kuhanjiswa, unekhono ukuletha ubulungiswa futhi wamukele imali ezweni labo.