Amathambo amnyama. Ukwakhiwa kwethambo le-parietal

Amathambo amnyama, njengazo zonke ezinye izakhi zomzimba womuntu, anezici zawo ezibonakalayo. Zibangelwa yilezo zenzo, ukuqaliswa kwazo okuphathisiwe kule ndawo ye-skull.

Isakhiwo se-anatomic se-parietal bone

Njengamanje lesi sici saziwa kakhulu, kahle kakhulu. Ifu elimnyama luhlobo lwe-quadrangle. Lesi sakhiwo sinesimo esicacisiwe.

Ithemnyama elimnyama yikamelo le-steam. Bobabili abanalo neze umehluko. Amathambo amnyama ashiya ngakwesokudla axhunyiwe omunye nomunye ngamaphethelo awo angaphezulu. Babizwa ngokuthi sagittal. Lezi zindawo zihlanganiswe yi-suture efanayo. Amathambo angaphambili neparietal axhunyiwe ngaphambili. Owokuqala wabo ubanjwe kancane kweyesibili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umgogodla wangaphambili we-parietal bone unomqondo othize we-concave.

Umngcele ophansi walesi sakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi ubizwa ngokuthi i-scaly. Ubizwa kanjalo ngenxa yobuso obushintsha kancane kule ndawo. Le nqenqemeni ixhuma amathambo e-parietal nge-temporal.

Kukhona futhi umkhawulo wesipiliyoni. Iphetha ngethambo elifanayo. Lokhu kunqenqemeni kunesimo esithile sokuthutha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithambo le-parietal linemiphetho engu-4. Lowo ophakathi kwethambo le-occipital nelesikhashana libizwa ngokuthi i-mastoid. Ngenhla kukhona i-occipital angle. Phakathi kwamathambo angaphambili nangokwemvelo yinqaba efana nomgqa. Okungaphezulu kakhulu i-angle yangaphambili.

"Okungekho emthethweni" okuyi-anatomy

Ithambo elimnyama alinaso isakhiwo esicaba. Iqiniso liwukuthi indawo yangaphandle i-convex, futhi indawo yangaphakathi, ngokuphambene nalokho, i-concave. Lesi sakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-parietal bone ngenxa yesidingo sokulingana okunamandla ebuchosheni.

Ubuso obungaphandle bube bushelelezi. Ngokuqondene ne-ngaphakathi, kuyinto engavamile. Iqiniso liwukuthi phezu kwalokhu kunenqwaba yamanxiwa okuguqula. Zidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwemithwalo yegazi ezinikezela igazi egazini elibalulekile njengengqondo.

Emkhathini wangaphakathi we-parietal bone esifundeni se-mastoid angle yi-groove ye-sigmoid.

Imisebenzi ye-parietal bone

Okokuqala, yingxenye ye-skull. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale thambo ukuvikela i-skull kunoma yiziphi izenzo ezilimazayo zendawo yangaphandle. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngokuvikelwa kwesigungu esiyinhloko sonke isimiso sezinzwa ezivela ezinhlobonhlobo zemivimbo kanye neminye imithonya ebulalayo.

Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile we-parietal bone ukuvikela ubuchopho kusuka emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Futhi, le nendima ngezinga elithile iphinde yenziwe nge-hairline.

Mayelana ne-pathology esakhiweni se-parietal bone

Le ndawo ngokuvamile iba yindawo yokwakhiwa kwalokhu noma leyo nqubo yokwelapha. Njengamanje, okuvamile kulezi:

• I-osteoma;
• Cephalohematoma;
• I-Hyperostosis;
• Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlukunyezwa.

Osteoma

Kuyinto isifo esibuhlungu. Isici salo okuthiwa ukukhula kwe-exophytic (okungukuthi, ngaphandle). Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi akuyona ingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu. Izinkinga eziyinhloko lapha kuphela zingaba isici sezimonyo. Isifo esinjalo esinobuthi sikhula kancane kancane.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-tomography.

Ngokuphathelene nokwelashwa, kwenziwa ukwelashwa kwesiguli ngokususa ingxenye yethoni yeparietal. Uma kwenzeka lesi sigaba sendawo yaso singaphezu kwe-2 cm ² , imbobo eholele ivaliwe ngezinto ezikhethekile.

Cephalocephaloma

Lezi zinkinga eziningi zamacala ziqala ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-skull yengane ivela ekukhanyeni kanye nomsele wokuzalwa unina. Ngenxa yesenzo esenziwe njalo, esivela emthanjeni we-parietal ngesikhathi sokubeletha, i-hemorrhage kwenzeka ngaphansi kwe-periosteum. Ezinganeni, amandla e-coagulation aphansi kakhulu kunabantu abadala, ngakho-ke i-cephalohematoma ingakhula izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yezimpawu zesimo salesi sifunda ngaphandle kwethambo le-parietal, le nqubo yokwelashwa ayiphumeli.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cephalohematoma kusekelwe ekuhloleni okujwayelekile, kanye ne-ultrasound.

Endabeni yokuphuma okuncane, ukwelashwa kungase kungadingeki. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-cephalohematoma eholayo izozixazulula yona. Uma inani legazi likhulu ngokwanele, khona-ke udinga ukususa nge-puncture. Ezimweni lapho, ngaphezu kwe-cephalohematemia, umonakalo wesikhumba nawo kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunezinkinga ezibalulekile.

I-hyperostosis

Lokhu ukuphambuka kusuka kwendabuko ukubunjwa kwezingqimba ngokweqile phezu kwethambo le-parietal. Ngenxa yalokho, kubonakala sengathi yimbi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Awekho ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo ye-pathology enjalo. Lokhu kuchaza futhi ukuthi, ngokuphindaphindiwe kunalokho, lokhu ukuphambuka kusuka kwendabuko kuba yinto yokuthola ngengozi ekusetshenzisweni kwe-rayography noma i-tomography ye-computer ye-skull, okhethwe ngezizathu ezihluke ngokuphelele.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperostosis akudingeki. Akagcini nje ukulimaza impilo, kepha akabonakali njengephutha eliyisimonyo.

Ukulimala

Ngokuvamile, ukukhubazeka kwesakhiwo samathambo we-parietal kuyingozi kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, leli phutha livela ngqo endaweni lapho amandla asetshenziswa khona. Kulesi simo, izinsalela ze-parietal bone zinezinhlobo eziningana:

• Umdwebo;
• Ucindezelekile;
• I-comminuted.

Ukuhlukana komugqa kuphakamisa ukwakhiwa kwe-crack. Ngokuvamile lokhu kulandelwa ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-skull okuvela ngaphandle. Ama-fracture ecindezelekile abonakala ngokuba khona kwengxenye yethambo ehlanjululwa emgodini we-cranial. Ngokuphathelene nokuhlukunyezwa okufakiwe, basikisela ukuhlukaniswa kwamathambo eparietal ezingxenyeni eziningana ezihlukene. Kulesi simo, ngokuvamile kuvame ingxenye ethile kuphela.