Amagilebhisi ase-Soupaga: izithombe kanye nencazelo yezinhlobonhlobo

Amagilebhisi angamajikijolo ayigugu, afunwa ngaso sonke isikhathi emlandweni wesintu. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, i-winemaking yayiyaziwa ngokuthi imboni ephezulu, ngakho-ke kwakukhona nemithetho yokuhlakulela lesi siko. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isitshalo sesempumalanga sesaziwa emazweni amaningi, futhi akhule nje kuphela ekukhiqizeni utshwala. Abadayisi bewayini banamuhla bathanda ukudla izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zamajikijolo ezikhulile ngokwabo. Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamagilebhisi Supaga.

Umsuka wokuhluka

Abantu bahlakulela izivini ngeziqephu zabo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo bahlakulela izinhlobo ezahlukene zamagilebhisi. Ngalesi sizathu, kutholakala izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo. Umzalisi waseLatvia, ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobonhlobo zeDvietes zila noMadeleine Anzhevin, wathola amagilebhisi aseSupaga. Uhlobo olusha lwesiko luzizwa kahle eBaltics futhi luvame eRussia.

Incazelo ye-botanical

Umehluko wesici wezinhlobonhlobo zezivini ze-Supaga ngumvini omude, ufinyelela kumamitha amane. Amahlumela anamandla aphikisana nokusekela kwawo futhi akwazi ukuhlobisa inkundla engabonakali kakhulu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, ungakha ikhonteli elimnyama esakhiweni sakho, nethemba lokuqoqa isivuno esihle. Isihlahla siphuthuma ngokushesha, futhi kakade ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, phakathi kwamagatsha amaqabunga, ungabona amaqabunga amakhulu avuthiwe omumo womzimba. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-80% amahlumela ayesithelo. Isiko esinobuhle singatholakala ku-5 m ² .

Izimpawu zezibhamu namajikijolo

Amagundane amakhulu athatha u-1/5 we-shoot and afinyelela ku-300 kuya ku-500 g. Amajikijolo alula kancane, anesisindo esingama-4 g. Anemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi, njengomthetho, athola isakhiwo esikude eduze nokuvuthwa. Izithelo ezinhle kakhulu zihambisana nephunga elimnandi elihlukahlukene ezinhlobonhlobo ze-elite, futhi ngenxa yalokhu amajikijolo anenambitheka yawo eyingqayizivele. Kungenzeka ukubona ukuthi incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zezivini ze-Supaga zihambisana kanjani nesithombe esinikezwe ngezansi.

Izici ezihlukahlukene

Lesi siko sihlukile ngezici zayo. Esikhathini sokuxoxisana kuyobonakala ukuthi lokhu kuhilela izindlela zombili zokwakha amahlathi kanye nezinhloso zokulima. Ngezansi kukhona izici ezihlukahlukene:

• Amagilebhisi Soupaga - isiko esingenakuzithoba, okubalulekile kumvini-umlimi.
• Izinhlobonhlobo zokuvuthwa zakuqala. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvela kwezinso ukuya ekuvuthweni kwesithelo, kudlule izinsuku ezingu-120. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isivuno singavuthwa ekupheleni kukaJulayi.
• Self-pollinating.
• Ukunikezela okuphezulu. Kusukela esiqhingini esikhulu, esithuthukile, kuze kube ngu-100 kg wamagilebhisi asusiwe.
• Ukulwa nezifo ezinjengesihlungu, i-gray gray ne-oidium. Ngenxa yalokhu kuphikelela, kuthatha indawo enkulu phakathi kwabalimi abaningi bewayini.
• Kuyinto emelene nesithwathwa. Endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa lingenakufika ku-25 ° C ebusika, amahlathi awafihli.
• Ukubhubhisa ngamagilebhisi kungahlala esihlahleni isikhathi eside futhi ungalahlekelwa izimfanelo zabo.
• Amagilebhisi I-supuga ihanjiswa ngokuphelele ngenxa yokwanda kwezithelo. Inyama yamajikijolo inomqondo oqinile futhi ugqoke amapelenti aminyene. Ngakho-ke, balondoloza isethulo sabo isikhathi eside.

Kusukela incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi ze-Supaga, kusobala ukuthi isiko sifanelwe ukunakwa kulabo abahlose ukuyihlakulela ngokujulile. Eluhlu ngezici zezinhlobonhlobo kukhona zonke izingxenye ukuthi noma yiliphi iwayini lewayini elingathanda ukulibona.

Indlela yokutshala kahle amagilebhisi

Ukukhethwa kweSayithi kuwumsebenzi wokuqala lapho utshala noma yisiphi isiko. Ngamagilebhisi, lokhu kuyimbangela ebaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi "uyisixazululo" isikhathi eside.

Emhlabathini owomile kakhulu, ukuthuthukiswa okujulile kwezinambuzane kwenzeka, okubeka engcupheni uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo. Okwamanje, amagilebhisi aseSupaga ayasabela kakhulu kumanyolo.

Ungasikhuthazi ukutshala izihlahla endaweni lapho izihlahla ngaphambili zakhula khona. Kulesi simo, lesi sitshalo sengozini yokuthola ukutheleleka kwezimpande zefungal.

Izandulela ezinjalo njenge-strawberries ne-alfalfa, ngeke zizuze amagilebhisi ngenxa yezilokazane ezivamile. Amabhungane angabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwisitshalo.

Inhlabathi enezinga elibuthakathaka le-asidi yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu yezinhlobonhlobo zezivini ze-Supaga. Kukhona indlela abavuni bewayini abanayo abajabulela ngayo. Kuzosiza ukukhokhela izakhi ezingekho emhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, landela lezi zincomo:

1. Endaweni ebekelelwe eceleni ukutshala kwamagilebhisi, susa umhlabathi ovundile.
2. Bamba imbobo engu-1 m ejulile.
3. Susa ubumba.
4. Dala amanzi kusuka kwamatshe amakhulu, uwabeke phansi. Le ndlela izosiza ukukhuthaza umoya omusha.
5. Izwe elinomhlabathi elixutshwe ngokulingana okulingana ne-humus nesihlabathi, engeza ufulawa omncane we-dolomite bese ufaka emgodini.
6. Bese ugcwalisa ungqimba oluvundile lomhlabathi.
7. Linda kuze kufike umhlaba.
8. Tshala izithelo zomvini ngokuzifaka 30 cm.

Uma wenza umanyolo owengeziwe, njenge-potassium ne-phosphorus, amagilebhisi ngeke adingeke ahlanganiswe iminyaka emithathu. Ukulungiselela umgodi kungcono kakhulu ekwindla, okuzokwenza kube umquba omusha. Entwasahlobo, esikhundleni sayo, i-humus yengezwe.

Ukulima kwezitshalo ezindaweni ezinkulu, ukufakwa kwamaminerali amaminerali kunconywa. Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kwenziwa kanje: ngehektha ngalinye - 50 kg we-nitrogen; 50 kg we potassium; 100 kg we-phosphorus.

Ukunakekela

Uma umlimi wewayini ekhula amajikijolo athengiswa, ke-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi udale isivini esivumelanayo esivumelanayo. Kulesi simo, lesi sitshalo sakhiwa ngendlela yezihlahla.

Ukudubula kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwamagilebhisi. Yenziwa ngendlela yokuthi amehlo angu-6 ahlale emhlabeni. Kuphelele, kufanele kube ngu-40 kubo.

Njengoba amahlumela ama-Supaga amagilebhisi akhula ngokushesha, ochwepheshe kule ndaba bayelulekwa ukuba benze amafomu amakhulu.

Ukuhlakulela isivuno ngale ndlela kwenza kube lula ukunakekelwa kwesitshalo. Uma kunesidingo, izithombo zingafakwa kwezinye izindawo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Izihlahla ziyojabulisa i-vintner ngama-berries omangalisayo iminyaka engu-30. Khona-ke kudingeka adluliselwe izithombo ezincane.

Ekuqaleni kwesitshalo, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukuthi kunezibhamu ezengeziwe, futhi ususe ngokushesha.

Ukusika izihlahla ngaphambi kokubusika ukulungisa isihlahla, njengoba amagilebhisi angahlali.

Uma uhlela ukutshala amagilebhisi ukuze uzisebenzise futhi uhlobise i-arbor, ke ukusika kungadingeki. Amahlumela amancane athela izithelo isikhathi eside kunamahlathi asetshiwe.

Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane

Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela kuyindlela ephoqelekile, ngaphandle kwalokho ingxenye yesitshalo izoba engozini. Ikhiqizwa ngosizo lwe-sulfate yethusi. Isixazululo senziwa buthakathaka - 0.3%.

Amagilebhisi aseSupaga anesitha esiyingozi kakhulu - i-phylloxera. Izinambuzane ezifana nama-aphid zithatha umsila wesitshalo futhi zinganciphisa umlimi-umlimi wezinhlamvu ezinkulu. I-Phylloxera ihlala ejulile enhlabathini futhi ihlala ezimpandeni zesitshalo. Ziyanda ngokushesha futhi zilimaze i-trunk, okuholela ekugxileni noma ezindaweni ezinonya. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, kuzoholela ekufeni kwehlathi. Uma utshala lesi sitshalo, abalimi bewayini abanolwazi bayagonywa ngezihlahla zokuvimbela i-phylloxera.

Kunezinye izinambuzane kulezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi, kodwa kulula ukulwa nabo. Isihlahla siphathwa nge "Topaz" futhi "Immunocytophyte".

Ngokunisela kakhulu isitshalo akudingi, uma nje kusetshenzwa imithombo emihle.

Isicelo

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zenzelwe ukukhula ekhaya nokulima isivuno esikhulu. Izithelo zomvini zibhekwa njengezinhlobo zetafula futhi ziyasiza esimweni esisha. Ukusuka kulo ukulungiselela amakhemikhali, ama-mousses nama-saladi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lisetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwewayini.

Ikhonjiswa etafuleni njenge-dessert futhi ihlobisa izitsha. Ngokufanelekile kufanele afanele isicelo esinjalo ngenxa yokubukeka kwakhe okuhle. Kulula ukubona, ngemuva kokubukeza izithombe zezithelo zomvini ze-Supaga.

Ukubuyekeza

Ukubheka ulwazi oluningi, okuhlukahlukene okuxoxwa ngakho kwaziwa kahle. Njengoba ungalindela, ukubuyekezwa mayelana namagilebhisi ase-Supaga kuyamangalisa. Abaningi bathanda ukunambitheka kwalo nobude bokugcina. Yiqiniso, abanye bakhononda ngokuthi amahlumela aphonse ama-brush amaningi futhi kufanele asebenze kanzima. Abanye babhala ngokusinda empofu ngonyaka wokuqala, kodwa ke konke kwenziwa, ukukhula kuyahamba kahle. Ama-viticulturists abhekana nakho asebenzisa ukutshala okuhlanganyelwe kuka-Supaga ngezinye izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi.

Isiphetho

Ngemva kokufunda incazelo yamadiribe ase-Supaga, ungase ucabange ukuthi lezi zihlukahlukene azikho amaphutha. Lokhu, kunjalo, akunjalo. Azikho izinhlobo ezinhle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ucabangele zonke izinhlobo ze-nuances uma uthenga izithombo. Kubalulekile ukutadisha izinto ezengeziwe kule ndaba. Wonke ama-viticulturist kufanele aqale azijwayele ngezici zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene azokukhula ngazo. Kubalulekile ukuvikela isitshalo ngangokunokwenzeka izifo ezingakapheli nezinambuzane ngosizo lwezinyathelo zokuvimbela. Kuphela ngemuva komsebenzi onzima ongayibona esakhiweni sakho umvini ophilile.