Amagama okungenasiphelo: izibonelo. Yimaphi amazwi okungenasiphelo?

Morphemics ukuhlola ingxenye enkulu izwi, ezifana impande, isijobelelo, isiqalo, qeda. NgesiRashiya, izwi akukwazi iyiphi yalezi izingxenye, ngaphandle impande. He is yenethiwekhi eyinhloko incazelo lucebe. Engxenyeni yokugcina yalo izwi noma nje ukwenza kube ukuveza incazelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Indawo ekhethekile kulolu hlu siphetfo, okuyinto akudingekile amazwi ezimele.

amazwi Independent ophela

Tenkhulumo isiRashiya zihlukaniswe ezimele futhi inkonzo. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama Izinyunyana, bondzaweni, izinhlayiya kanye utibone. Abanalo incazelo lucebe futhi ukukhonza kuphela njengoba ibhekwa ukubaluleka amazwi ezimele noma ukuxhumanisa nabo umusho, umusho. Ngakho-ke, kukhona njalo futhi abanayo eziyimpumelelo.

izingxenye Independent yokukhuluma akhiwe lezi morphemes, okuyinto zingase zishintshe, ezwakalisa okuqondene isigaba othile wolimi. Ngokuvamile kuba ukuphela.

Cishe bonke babe nombono okunenjongo ke. Isakhiwo elula we amazwi: impande + isiphetho. Impande cishe njalo njalo. Ngaphandle kukhona izinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuphela ngokolimi ezifana alternation imisindo. Ukuphela sishintsha njalo.

Indima ekupheleni izwi

Ukuphela - ubuncane ingxenye enkulu izwi, ezwakalisa incazelo yohlelo lokubhala futhi ukhonza ukuxhumanisa amagama ndawonye. Izwi okunenjongo zingase zishintshe ukuphela ku izimo, abantu, ubulili, inombolo kanye nezinye izigaba nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa inhlanganisela lwelulwimi lolufanele e imishwana nemisho.

Isikhundla ekupheleni izwi - ekupheleni eliphelele. Nokho, isiRashiya has isijobelelo isenzo Xia, esemgwaqweni ekupheleni nje zwi. Ngakho-ke, ekugcineni zingase zibe phambi kwakhe. Kodwa lokhu kuyinto okuhlukile ngokuqondene nalo mthetho.

Ukwehlukanisa ukuphela, kubalulekile ukuba sithonye izwi kunoma yiziphi izigaba lwetakhi telulwimi ezaziwayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ushintsho inombolo kubonisa ukuthi umsindo zizoshintsha: inja - inja, oluhlaza - green, - abayikho. Njengoba ubona, onke lawa mazwi encwadini yokugcina (umsindo, morpheme) ukushintshwa. Lokhu kuyoba ukuphela.

amazwi kungashintshiwe esinikelweko

Ngo-Russian kukhona izwi okunenjongo okungenasiphelo. Tibonelo taletinhlobo aziwa eziningi: cab okusezingeni eliphezulu, bacule. Lena ingxenye okunenjongo yokukhuluma, kodwa musa ukushintsha ngenxa izimo zazinjani emlandweni izici zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, futhi ngenxa yalokho akudingeki eziyimpumelelo. connectability lwetakhi telulwimi ngokuba lawamazwi le tandziso.

Ukubonakaliswa Komusa ubulili, inombolo, icala ngala mazwi ebizwa ngokuthi uthembele kuyo. Ngokwesibonelo: oluhlaza-taxi - zinyanga izwi okungenabulili sisebunyeni. Lokhu kuyabonakala uma sibheka Isiphawulo, okuyilona elisebenzayo futhi etholakala ukuthi ifomu.

Ngeshwa, hhayi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi yini amazwi okungenasiphelo isiRashiya. It emabito lathathwa nezinye izilimi: kangaroo, amajazi, Mississippi. sanyalo Verbal futhi akudingeki eziyimpumelelo, nihlabelele, umdanso, ukuwa. Tandziso kukhona amagama okunenjongo ingashintshiwe: okusheshayo okusezingeni eliphezulu, kushisa,. I last umsindo -O uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuphela, nakuba kuba ejwayelekile zezigodi Isijobelelo.

A mkhakha okhethekile isenzo - gerund - futhi simi kuze kube phakade, ngoba zamukela lwetakhi telulwimi izici tandziso: ukufunda, uyabaleka.

zero ekupheleni

Futhi e isiRashiya kunamagama okungenasiphelo, izibonelo zalo ezingenakususwa empeleni ophela kuthiwa: ihhashi, itafula, umnyango, ebusuku. Kubonakala lapho beshintsha ngokwempilo yangenyama noma inombolo: ihhashi - amahhashi - ihhashi - amahhashi, itafula - amatafula - etafuleni - amatafula, ebusuku - ebusuku, umnyango - umnyango.

Lesi senzakalo ngokuthi kolimi null-inqanyulwe. Ngendlela kokuqala, alinaso Inkulumo ngokomzimba. Ekupheleni ulimi isiSlavonic Esidala sivezwe usebenzisa i-Z incwadi, abangafuni ukufunda, kodwa waveza ukuthi leli gama kungashintshwa: stol, pol. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ncwadi yalahleka kodwa ekugcineni la mazwi ayisekho ngokoqobo.

Ngakho-ke kufanele uqaphele ekunqumeni amazwi esinikelweko morpheme.

namagama avela kwezinye izilimi

Ulimi nokuxhumana - ingxenye esimisiwe inqubo nokunonophala lucebe. Kuye ngesikhathi eboleka lamagama imisebenzi ukusetshenziswa kwaso, ukwazi ukubona kakhulu ohlelweni lwetakhi telulwimi noma cha. aqinise ensikeni yaso, wamabhuku ezimali, ucingo: Sekuyisikhathi eside amazwi izikhulumi eziningi bomdabu kakade beqonda njengomkhaya waboleka.

Kukhona futhi eziningi amathokheni ukuthi zehlulekile abe ingxenye agcwele ulimi: itekisi, ongaphansi komhlaba, ama-kangaroo, amajazi, ikhofi.

Kulezi mazwi, ekugcineni kukhona umsindo unkamisa, okuyinto ziqondakala abaningi njengoba kwenombolo ingxenye. Empeleni, la mazwi akuphelelanga, izibonelo zazo sihlangane nsuku zonke.

Ngakho, ngokohlelo lolimi ayilungile ukusho: inkulumo phezu kofem, intombazane elingenamikhono, uze imitha, e amatekisi amabili. ukulungisiswa lwetakhi telulwimi lezi zinguquko ngolimi Russian okwamanje. Mhlawumbe ngesikhathi ziba amazwi umnyuziki variable, kodwa okwamanje ekuthuthukiseni ulimi zingabantu kuphela ngesimo esisodwa.

sanyalo

On umbuzo ukuthi amagama ngaphandle eziyimpumelelo ngolimi Russian kukhona, isazi ngasinye uzophendula ngoyebo. Ngempela, umndeni amathokheni njengoba kukhona eziningi engashintshi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akudingeki eziningi izigaba nokusetshenziswa kolimi.

Lokhu ngokuyinhloko sanyalo. amafomu Isenzo Russian uhlelo ulimi ngempela ebanzi futhi ezihlukahlukene. Iqiniso lokuthi la mafomu angase aziphilele njengengxenye ehlukile yokukhuluma, kuyilapho isici esiyinhloko - ukhombise senzo.

Sanyalo - kuyinto ifomu sokuqala tento. Umsebenti wabo oyinhloko - amandla okuyisa incazelo lucebe: isenzo, ngenxa yalokho, ngaphandle kukhulunywa ubunikazi, isikhathi kanye indlela yekusetjentiswa (ukufunda, ukubhala, ugijima, ukucula).

Kuleli fomu, angakhuluma ngemisho e indima ngamazwi, futhi zebizo. Uma ekupheleni esingayindawo libonakala, iba isenzo siqu noma esithi.

Olunye uhlobo engatjhugulukiko sento - gerund - kubonisa inqubo enza isenzo futhi kwakheka awusona isiphetho kodwa ejwayelekile salokhu ingxenye Isijobelelo inkulumo.

isandiso

Isandiso neze isinyathelo njengengxenye ekushintsheni yokukhuluma. Yilawa amazwi okungenasiphelo, izibonelo zazo zibonisa ukuthi isibopho kungaba amabinzana ngaphandle kokushintsha isigaba nokusetshenziswa kolimi.

Indima zezigodi ngolimi - abonisa izimo ezengeziwe isenzo. Nakuba baba anencazelo lucebe, empeleni ukuzimela agcwele esingenayo.

Ngokwesibonelo, "bese wehlisa" noma "ngokushesha" ijubane lizisho enza isenzo. Kodwa ngaphandle isenzo akucaci ukuthi lisengozini. Kuyefana nasendleleni yimuphi omunye nezandiso.

Ngakho-ke, ngokuqinisekile umcebo wazo izigaba zolimi nemisebenzi yazo, njengoba kule isenzo noma ibizo, akusiyo, futhi akudingekile. Phela, incazelo eyisisekelo bese siveza incazelo lucebe izici Isijobelelo ka nezandiso.

UQobo izihloko yolunye ulimi

Phakathi izwi ezingaguquki, futhi ngenxa yalokho, okungenabo kungokwalabo iningi angaphandle namabizoqho: Rio de Janeiro, Mississippi, "Peugeot". La mazwi kabi labelwe Isiqalo, impande, ophela Isijobelelo.

Isizathu salokhu - isici salesi simiso olunye ulimi. Ezinye izinto zibonakala umuntu engaqaliwe kuyinto iyafana isiRashiya, nakuba empeleni sibhekene homonymy interlingual at morpheme ethize.

Kukhona Yiqiniso, lonke afanayo amazwi acishe afane nawo ukuthi angene ngolimi lwethu futhi babe yingxenye uhlelo lwayo phakathi kwezakhi zolimi: Sahara - Sahara, Andes - e-Andes, Rhine - Rhein. Kodwa ngo amathokheni ezifana ukuqeda kuphela Russian futhi abanalo maqondana ngezilimi zendabuko kwalawo mazwi.

ingcebo morphological

Kolimi uyazi amagama amaningi ngaphandle eziyimpumelelo, izibonelo ezisetshenziswa enkulumweni yethu yansuku zonke kuzo zonke izikhulumi. I kungenzeka khona kwalezi amathokheni inikezwa yingcebo morpheme netinchazelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi.

Akukhona nje ekupheleni Ungashintsha ukuma amagama, kodwa tijobelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuvamile abona othile ewunikela ngesikhathi ekupheleni izwi umuntu ema pointer izigaba lwetakhi telulwimi lesibili. Lokho izwi ukhiye kudinga engaphansi kuyinto yefomu, okuyinto engavamile futhi yena: ompunga elingenamikhono, ompunga elingenamikhono, grey elingenamikhono, grey elingenamikhono.

Futhi ngesiNgisi iningi amazwi ngaphandle eziyimpumelelo, nezigaba lwetakhi telulwimi kuvetwa esebenzisa bondzaweni esibangela obukhulu ekuhloleni abantu-abathwali Izilimi zesiSlavic, okuyinto ngempela athuthukile eziyimpumelelo Paradigm, ohlotsheni oluthile izwi.