Abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18. Imidwebo best of abaculi Russian ngekhulu le-18

Ngekhulu le-18 - isikhathi lapho kwakukhona izinguquko ezinkulu kuwo wonke amazinga: izici zezombangazwe, zenhlalo yomphakathi. Europe wenza in umdwebo Russian izinhlobo ezintsha: landscape, zomlando, ekhaya. indlela Ongokoqobo yokudweba iba oqavile. Umuntu ophilayo - iqhawe futhi isithwali kwezifiso yobuhle isikhathi.

Emlandweni art kwekhulu le-18 wehlela njengoba isikhathi ngesineke ekumeni. Have portrait akho sengathi yonke into kusukela indlovukazi isikhulu evamile kusuka esifundazweni.

Amathrendi we-European in umdwebo Russian

abaculi abadumile Russian kwekhulu le-18 baphoqeleka ukuba ulandele imfashini Western ngomyalo wabaholi uPetru mina, ababefuna Europeanize Russia. Yena enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukiseni ezobuciko, ngisho ihlela ukwakhela isikhungo ezikhethekile.

abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18 ukuthuthukisa amasu amasha yokudweba European nokuboniswe emidwebweni yakhe ngokungagcini nje amakhosi, kodwa futhi boyars ahlukahlukene, abathengisi, izinzalamizi, ababezama ukuhambisana fashion esivame ukunikezwa kubaculi bendawo ukuba sidwebe isithombe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abaculi langaleso sikhathi ezama ekucebiseni ekumeni of izinto zangamalanga, izakhi izingubo kazwelonke, imvelo nokunye. Ukunakwa wagxilisa ifenisha ezibizayo, isitsha sezimbali ezinkulu, izembatho zikanokusho, zibhekise ezithakazelisayo. Izithombe zabantu isikhathi waqonda namuhla njengoba indaba esankondlo abaculi ngesikhathi sakhe.

Noma kunjalo, ekhanya Ngokuphambene ekumeni ezahlukene abaculi Russian we ekumeni kwekhulu le-18 le-abamenyiwe abadwebi angaphandle. Kuhle kokusho ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa abaculi Russian abamenyiwe abaculi abavela kwamanye amazwe.

izinhlobo ekumeni

Ukuqala ngekhulu le-18 kwaba ukuguqulwa portrait abadwebi ukuba poluparadnym kanye negumbi izinhlobo portrait uhlobo. Ekumeni abadwebi isigamu kwekhulu le-18 yesibili, zisenza sibe zinhlobo ezifana phambi, poluparadny, i-chamber, obuseduze.

Front umbono portrait ihlukile kwezinye isithombe womuntu ekukhuleni full. Lustre okunethezeka - kokubili izingubo futhi izinto zangamalanga.

buka Poluparadny - lesi sithombe model of kwamadolo noma afika okhalweni.

Uma umuntu uvezwa ngokumelene ingemuva engahlangene nabani esifubeni noma okhalweni - ke lolu hlobo portrait libizwa ekamelweni.

Obuseduze kokuma ngobude kuhilela isikhalazo emhlabeni engaphakathi hero isithombe, ngemuva uzibiwe.

portrait izithombe

Ngokuvamile abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18 baphoqeleka ukuba ayifake portrait isithombe ukumelwa ikhasimende ngokwakhe, kodwa hhayi isithombe langempela. Kwakubalulekile ukuba acabangele umbono womphakathi ngalolu noma lowo muntu. Sekuyisikhathi eside Abagxeki abaningi baphetha ngokuthi umthetho main ngaleso sikhathi kwaba kungasiko isithombe indoda njengoba empeleni nanoma yiluphi udaba enjalo lokho ayefuna, futhi ukuze singaba ukubonakaliswa kwayo kakhulu. Okungukuthi, e-ekumeni yanoma yimuphi umuntu ezama ukuveza njengenhlangano enhle.

Abaculi lokuqala

abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18, uhlu okuyinto ngokuvamile incane - it is, ngokukhethekile, I. N. Nikitin, AP Antropov, F. S. Rokotov, IP Argunov, VL Borovikovsky, D . G. Levitsky.

Phakathi abaculi yokuqala yekhulu le-18 le Petrine inkathi - amagama Nikitin Antropov, Argunov. Indima abaculi lokuqala isiRashiya kwakuwulimi azinakwa ngekhulu le-18. Kwakufana nje ukubhala lenqwaba izithombe bobukhosi, ekumeni yabakhulu Russian. abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18 - master ekumeni. Nakuba kaningi ziyaye nje ngokusiza izingcweti angaphandle ukupenda izindonga inqwaba izigodlo, ukukhiqiza izwe ezigcawugcawu.

Igama umdwebi Ivan Nikitich Nikitin ingatholakala singesihambelanayo kaPetru mina nonkosikazi wakhe. Isandla sakhe ngowomnikazi portrait yenkosi, ishansela G. I. Golovina. Portrait yakhe Hetman into yokufakelwa. Uhlobo engashintshwa noma iwigi noma izingubo enkantolo. Umdwebi yabonisa Hetman ezifana empilweni. Kungenxa iqiniso yokuphila ababenikezwe inzuzo enkulu ekumeni Nikitin.

Antropov lokusungula ezigcinwe izithombe Cathedral St Andrew BakaJehova eKiev kanye ekumeni e esiGungwini. Le misebenzi zihlukaniswa ukuthambekela umculi ukuba ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani omnqumo, ngoba komdwebi owayefundela amakhosi iconography. Phakathi imisebenzi yakhe edumile - ekumeni Elizabeth, uPetru mina, Princess Troubetzkoy, Ataman F. Krasnoshchekova. Ukudala Antropov ehlanganyela isiko yasekuqaleni Umdwebo Russian kwekhulu le-17, futhi izimiso buciko Petrine inkathi.

Ivan Petrovich Argunov - ezweni portraitist eyaziwa Sheremetiev. ekumeni kwakhe kukhona nenhle ukuma izithombe zabantu bakhululekile neselula, zonke emsebenzini wakhe ngokunembile futhi umane. He is umdali ekumeni obuseduze elalizoba obuseduze. imisebenzi eqakathekileko yomsebenzi wehlelo umculi: ekumeni of uCatherine II, lo mbhangqwana Sheremetyevo, P. B. Sheremeteva ebuntwaneni.

Ungacabangi ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kukhona yayingasekho uhlobo eRussia, kodwa abaculi omkhulu Russian kwekhulu le-18 imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu wadala namanje uhlobo of portraiture.

Inani eliphakeme labamemezeli Kwesimo uhlobo kwekhulu le-18 kwaba umsebenzi Rokotoff, Levitsky futhi Borovikovsky. Indoda okukhulunywa ngayo isithombe umculi uyakufanelekela wokwenama, ukunakekela kanye nenhlonipho. Humanity izinzwa izenzo litshwayo ekumeni kwabo.

Fedor Stepanovich ibhonga (1735-1808 biennium).

Cishe akukho mayelana Fedor Rokotov, umdwebi Russian kwekhulu le-18 leminyaka enqabeni Prince Ivan Repnin ezaziwayo. Ekumeni abesifazane umculi ubhala kabuthaka nangokuthula emoyeni. ubuhle bangaphakathi Rokotov Uqaphelile ngokujulile futhi waqonda, futhi uthola yokukhalaza ilihumusha ku-canvas. Ngisho ekumeni okusaqanda kugcizelela ukubukeka obucayi nenhle of abesifazane.

Uhlobo eyinhloko umsebenzi wakhe - portrait poluparadny. Phakathi imisebenzi yakhe - ekumeni of UGrigory Orlov noPetru III, Princess Yusupov futhi Prince Paul Petrovich.

Dmitri Grigor'evich Levitsky (1735-1822 biennium).

Adume umdwebi Russian kwekhulu le-18 - Dmitriy Grigorevich Levitsky, umfundi A. Antropov, ungase ngozwelo abambe futhi kabusha ukudwetshwa bakhe isimo sengqondo futhi ikakhulukazi abantu. Echaza abacebile, kuhlale uneqiniso futhi engachemile, ekumeni kwakhe ukubeka eceleni servility namanga. Isandla sakhe kungokwalabo igalari eni of the ngemadoda ayethembele kwekhulu le-18. Ngaziphebeza portrait umbukiso Levitsky wembulwa njengoNkulunkulu okuyinhloko. Umthola postures ekhululekile, ukushukuma komzimba, okubonisa nezicukuthwane. umlando Russian e abantu - kaningi ngokuthi lokusungula Levitsky.
Isithombe, zaveza ngu ekumeni umculi sika M. A. Lvovoy, E. I. Nelidovoy, N. I. Novikova, umbhangqwana Mitrofanov.

UVladimir Lukich Borovikovsky (1757-1825 biennium).

abaculi Russian 18-19 ekhulwini libhekene isikhalo okubizwa ngokuthi portrait isihawu. Painter uVladimir Lukich Borovikovsky ubhala amantombazane Cabangisisa ngubani e ekumeni kwakhe ukubonisa imibala egqamile, zingabantu Airy abangenacala. Heroine Ezazimzungezile - hhayi kuphela Russian ongumlimi abesifazane lapho sebegqoke izingubo ezivamile, kodwa futhi izintokazi emphakathini okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ekumeni Naryshkina Lopukhina Princess Suvorova, Arsenyev. Izithombe eziningana ezifanayo, kodwa azinakwenzeka ukukhohlwa. Lezi ekumeni kuthiwa zihlukaniswa i izinhlamvu ubuhlakani emangalisayo ngocansi, nakho cishe imperceptible ikakhulukazi ngokomzwelo futhi ngokuhlanganisa zonke izithombe umuzwa ngesisa. Ezinkondlweni zakhe Borovikovsky kwembula zonke ubuhle kwabesifazane sikhathi.

Borovykovs'kogo ifa wehlukile kakhulu futhi ebanzi. Kukhona emsebenzini wakhe njengoba ekumeni letihlelekile naletingakahleleki imidwebo miniature kanye obuseduze. Phakathi imisebenzi edume kunazo Borovikovsky baba ekumeni V A. Zhukovskogo, G. R. Derzhavina, A. B. Kurakina noPawulu I.

Imidwebo ngabaculi Russian

Imidwebo abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18 abhalwe uthando indoda, nezwe lakhe elingaphakathi nokuhlonipha izimfanelo zokuziphatha. Isitayela umculi ngamunye ngakolunye uhlangothi, ehlukene kakhulu, ngakolunye - enezinto eziningi inezici ezicishe nabanye. Leli phuzu kuchazwa besenze nesitayela esifanako esigcizelela uhlamvu yobuciko Russian ekhulwini le-18.

Kakhulu ezidumile abaculi Russian ngekhulu le-18:

1. "Painter Young". Eyesibili uhhafu we 1760s. Umbhali Ivan Firsov - umculi oluyimfihlakalo kunalo lonke kwekhulu le-18. Umdwebo ubonisa umfana edlubhe ngubani alikhulumi kahle sentombazane enhle kancane.
2. "Ukuhlukana ka Hector futhi Andromache", 1773 Umbhali Anton Pavlovich Losenko. I last isithombe umculi. Lowo mdwebo indaba ingoma lesithandathu "Iliad" zikaHomer.
3. "Stone Bridge endaweni Gatchina e uConstable", 1799-1801 GG. Umbhali Amalotha Fedorovich Schedrin. Umdwebo ubonisa umbono landscape.

futhi okwamanje

abaculi Russian kwekhulu le-18 namanje uzama embule iqiniso kanye nesimo abantu kweqiniso, naphezu kwezimo serfdom futhi izifiso amakhasimende ocebile. Uhlobo we-portrait ekhulwini le-18 ehlanganiswe izici ezithile abantu Russian.

Ngokungangabazeki, singasho ukuthi, sengathi zobuciko kwekhulu le-18 ukuthonywa isiko European, ngemva kwakho konke, kuye kwaholela ekwakhekeni amasiko kazwelonke Russian.