Zamanje esifudumele ... Key Izici imisinga. Imisinga edume kunazo efudumele

Olufudumele zamanje Gulf Stream, El Niño, le Kuroshio. Yiziphi ezinye izitayela akhona? Kungani zibizwa efudumele? Funda mayelana kuwo.

Uvela ukugeleza?

Ngesikhathi socingo iqondiswe notshwala yamanzi uquqaba. Bangaba ububanzi ezahlukene nokujula - kusuka amamitha ambalwa amakhulu amakhilomitha. isivinini sabo kungaba-9 km / h. Isiqondiso kwamanzi kubangela ngamandla ukujikeleza iplanethi yethu. Ngenxa wakhe, eNingizimu Nenkabazwe imisinga kuthiwa baphambukile kwesokunene nezinhlanu eNorth - kwesobunxele.

Ukwakheka kanye nohlobo notshwala ehlaselwe izimo eziningi. Isizathu nokuhlanzeka kwangaphandle nokuziphatha kwabo kungaba umoya, amabutho olwandle of the Moon kanye Sun, ukuminyana ezahlukene kanye lokushisa, izinga le-World Ocean. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwakheka ukugeleza kunomthelela ezicini eziningana.

Kukhona hlangothi, wamanje epholile futhi efudumele olwandle. bazimisele esungulwe ngenxa lokushisa isisindo siqu yamanzi, futhi kusukela enokungezwani lokushisa kwamanzi ezizungezile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukugeleza ingaba nemfudumalo, ngisho noma amanzi ngezindlela eziningi ibhekwa njengezwekazi abandayo. Ngokwesibonelo, Gulf Stream - efudumele, nakuba izinga lokushisa kuhluka 4 kuya ku-6 degrees, futhi izinga lokushisa kwe-abandayo Benguela imisinga of afinyelela ku-degree angu-20.

zamanje Warm wukuthi kwakhiwa eduze nenkabazwe okuyinto. Basuke kwakheka amanzi afudumele, bese ithunyelwa ezipholile. Futhi, imisinga abandayo amabombo yenkabazwe. Ngokuthi imisinga hlangothi, okuyinto musa kuhluke lokushisa kusuka amanzi ezungezile.

ofudumele

Currents kuthinta isimo sezulu ezindaweni ezisogwini. amanzi afudumele amanzi ageleza evuthayo ulwandle. Isiza sezulu onomoya, umswakama high kanye nezimvula ezinkulu. On the amabhange yiwo ogelezela eduze amanzi afudumele, amahlathi akhiwa. Kukhona i-ofudumele kwezilwandle:

Pool Pacific

• East Australia.
• Alaska.
• Kuroshio.
• U-El Niño.

Swimming pool-Indian Ocean

• Agulyasskoe.

Pool Atlantic

• Irminger.
• Brazilian.
• Guiana.
• Gulf Stream.
• ENyakatho ye-Atlantic.

Pool-Arctic Ocean

• West Spitsbergen.
• Norwegian.
• West Greenland.

theku ekusakazeni

I efudumele Atlantic zamanje, enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu ukuthi aseNyakatho Nenkabazwe - Gulf Stream. It iqala eGulf of Mexico, ngokuvumelana eStraits of Florida iwela emanzini ase-Atlantic Ocean kanye ihamba mpumalanga.

Ukuthwala sebuningini ulwelwe elintantayo nenhlanzi ahlukahlukene. ububanzi isesikhathini amakhilomitha 90, kanti ukushisa ukushisa kulingana 4-6 degrees. Amanzi Gulf Stream abe tint bluish, siziqhathanise ne amanzi ogqamile imvelo ulwandle. Akukhona eyohlobo futhi siqukethe ukusakaza eziningana okungatholakala ehlukanisiwe ukugeleza Imininingwane.

Gulf Stream - efudumele Phakathi. Umhlangano no-amakhaza Labrador yamanje endaweni Newfoundland, kunomthelela kwetinhlavu kaningi inkungu ogwini. Enhliziyweni iNyakatho Atlantic Gulf Stream notshwala abahlukene, ukwakha abantu abalisebenzisayo eziQhingini zaseCanary futhi iNorth Atlantic yamanje.

U-El Niño

zamanje Warm futhi El Niño - wamanje enamandla kakhulu. Akukhona njalo futhi kwenzeka njalo ngemva kweminyaka embalwa. Khona kanye ukubukeka kwawo kuhambisana waba ukwanda okukhulu kwezincwadi lokushisa lamanzi ezingqimbeni ebusweni olwandle. Kodwa lokhu akulona nje uphawu El Nino.

Okunye efudumele imisinga kwezilwandle sekunzima siyithole amandla umthelela "umntwana" (njengoba ukugeleza elihunyushwe). Ndawonye ngamanzi afudumele ngoba kuletha umoya esindayo kanye neziphepho, imililo, isomiso, imvula isikhathi eside. Izakhamuzi ezindaweni ezisogwini abahlushwa ngayo umonakalo owabangelwa-El Niño. Ugcwalise ezindaweni ezinkulu, okuholela ekufeni of vuno livestock.

Phakathi kwakhiwa elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, ngokwengxenye yayo enkabazwe. Ibanga ogwini Peru neChile, esikhundleni abandayo Humboldt yamanje. Ngesikhathi okuvela-El Niño futhi abadobi abathintekayo. amanzi awo afudumele ukugcina abandayo (okuyinto abacebile plankton) futhi ungavumeli ukuba ifike kwamanzi. Kulokhu, izinhlanzi kungukuthi oseyili kwalezi zindawo, ukuze siphile, kusale abadobi ngaphandle nibambe.

Kuroshio

Esikhathini Pacific, omunye kuyinto Kuroshio zamanje efudumele. Kuthatha indawo eduze nogu lolwandle asempumalanga naseningizimu ye-Japan. Ngokuvamile lona luchazwe njengokulethwa njengoba liqhubeka Northern Equatorial. Isizathu esiyinhloko lasungulwa - umehluko ezingeni phakathi olwandle naseMpumalanga China Sea.

Ogelezayo phakathi sokuhlupheka Ryukyu Islands, kuba Kuroshio eNyakatho Pacific yamanje, oludlula e Alaska ngasogwini Melika.

It has izici ezifanayo kanye Gulf Stream. It yakha wonke isimiso ofudumele elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, kanye Gulf Stream e-Atlantic. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Kuroshio kubalulekile sezulu isici, futhi akuthanjiswanga selitulu ezindaweni ezisogwini. It inethonya elinamandla ngaphakathi futhi phezu kwamanzi esibalulekile Hydro isici begazi.

Japanese kwamanzi elinesimo amnyama nombala oluhlaza njengesibhakabhaka, kungakho igama "Kuroshio" yakhe, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "zamanje abamnyama" noma "amanzi amnyama". Ububanzi ifinyelela amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-170, futhi ukujula yayo imayelana 700 metres. Kuroshio Isivinini zokhahlamba kusuka 1 kuya 6 km / h. ageleze lokushisa lamanzi 25 -28 degrees eningizimu degree angaba ngu-15 enyakatho.

isiphetho

Ukwakheka imisinga kuthonywa izici eziningi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokuphelela kwazo. Warm wabiza, ogama lokushisa idlula lokushisa kwamanzi ezizungezile. Amanzi ngaphakathi kungase kube abandayo ngokwanele. Imisinga edume kunazo esifudumele Gulf Stream, ogeleza e-Atlantic Ocean kanye Pacific kanye Kuroshio wamanje-El Niño. Lesi sakamuva kwenzeka ngezikhathi ngokuletha uchungechunge izinhlekelele zemvelo.