Techa emfuleni Chelyabinsk esifundeni

Akuwona wonke umuntu uyazi emfuleni Techa, futhi labo bazi mayelana nenhlekelele ke, esikhathini esiningi, ungathuli. Kungani? Kwenzekani uma sifika lapho River Techa waseChelyabinsk Oblast? Kungenzeka yini ukuba ayisuse imiphumela yale ngozi? Cabangela la maqiniso.

Umsuka emfuleni

Techa emfuleni avela Lake Irtyash, esemgwaqweni Kasli wesifunda Chelyabinsk esifundeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yiyo njengoba owumthelela ukuze umfula Iset, futhi yena, yona, iyingxenye ob soMfula. Techa ngokwayo - emincane futhi engajulile. Ubukhulu bayo ububanzi ingeqi amamitha 20 aphakame cishe 5 amamitha ukujula. Ukuze imifula South Urals mncane impela, kodwa ezintathu nemingenela yayo: ke Zyuzelga, Baskazyk futhi Mishelyak.

Umfula ugeleza khona eduze Chelyabinsk, amakhilomitha 50 nje kude. Ukugcwalisa kuba kuphela ngenxa encibilika iqhwa entwasahlobo. Thanda abangane kakhulu lwezifundo zesikole yamanzi kwemali, Techa mfula wakha Rapids. iconsi Kuqondile kuso imayelana 145 metres, ukuze kuzamazame imibundu Ulapha fast ngokwanele. Kuyinto phezu lomfula futhi kwakukhona nhlekelele embi kangaka phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule.

amachibi yokufakelwa

Isifunda eyakhelwe isitshalo chemical lamiswa kubangela amadamu. Letakhi yokufakelwa babe uhlelo cishe elehlukile, senzelwe yokuhlanza kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi. Cishe - ngoba idamu emfuleni uxhuma nabo. Four kwesigubhu futhi inethiwekhi iziteshi yakhelwe njengendlela amathangi sedimentation ngoba eliphansi ketshezi enemisebe imfucuza, ayeba ama zibekwe ifomu zingaxazululeki phansi imizimba amanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngakho ukukhuluma, i ekahle. Kwenzekani empeleni eMfuleni Techa?

Futhi iqiniso liwukuthi lezi amadamu abakwazanga uzosigcwalisa ngokuphelele ikusasa lakhe. ngobudedengu Human kwaholela usizi sonke isifunda, kanye okwamanje Chelyabinsk esifundeni cishe enemisebe udoti yokulahla.

I ukungcola kuqala

Ngeshwa, lesi sifo lokuqala River Techa kwenzeka ngo-1949. Ngaleso sikhathi waqala ukukhiqizwa plutonium, futhi ukuhlola kuqala kuhlulekile kwaholela ekutheni izikhulu zibonise evaporators nse ngesikhathi isitshalo, kanye usongo ngokubhujiswa kwabo ngenxa ukugqwala. Kwanqunywa ukuba sime ukukhiqiza, futhi esikhundleni yokulahla imfucumfucu enemisebe kakhulu ngqo emfuleni, nakuba kwiphrojekthi Techa wavunyelwa ukuba udedele kuphela ongaphakeme futhi Lesisemkhatsini ezingeni imfucuza. Konke kusahamba kahle namuhla ukwazi ukuthi ukulahlwa kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi, noma bangase babe, igcwele nemiphumela edabukisayo.

Kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1956, it yaphela emfuleni mayelana 76 Mill. ^M3 kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi. Kucishe wabhubhisa ubudlelwane bezinto eziphilayo emfuleni. Ngeshwa, abantu abahlala kule ndawo enobuthi, wayengazi lutho ngakho. Kuze kube manje, abantu ababephila ngaleso sikhathi phezu lomfula, inhloko amakhadi ezikhethekile, okuyinto ibonisa isimo kubalulekile futhi imbangela yokufa kwakhe. Iningi nokufa zihlobene umdlavuza, imithelela kwazo imisebe.

ingozi

Ngo-1957 lesi sitshalo kwaba yingozi embi - ngesikhathi kuqhunyiswa i-container kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi kakhulu. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuqondana ngenxa yezimvula ezinamandla kanye izikhukhula ezinkulu ezisheshayo hit omningi kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi emfuleni. Ngu bentambo efanayo ngesikhathi ukungaqaliswa isitshalo kuye kwaholela ukungcola ngaphezulu. It kwenziwa ngokumane siwasebenzise ngamanzi izinto radioactive. Ngakho emfuleni Techa ku Chelyabinsk esifundeni elapha sisonqenqemeni lwenhlekelele semvelo.

Ngenxa yalokho ukungcoliswa eqinile iphutha ngezindlela ezimbili. Okokuqala, umoya, okuyinto kwafinyelela cishe ukuze Tyumen, futhi okwesibili, - aqueous. Ukutheleleka abathintekayo kokubili lomfula, futhi ikakhulukazi Lake Karachay. Kuphela ngemuva kwengozi yaqala ukwakha isitshalo ukwelashwa indle.

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-10, ngo-1967, ngenxa yesimo sezulu omile osebeni lweChibi Karachay, kwaba khona omunye nhlekelele. Isomiso iye yabangela ukuguguleka ezinzima futhi ukuhwamuka kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi, egcwele echibini. Ngenxa yalokho okuthiwa emisebeni umzila.

Ezindaweni ezingasemifuleni osebeni Techa

Nokwakhiwa kwamadamu kanye kumiswa amachibi yokufakelwa azikashintshi isimo. Ukubuthelela kwemfucumfucu enemisebe yenuzi kuye kwasho ukuthi umfula Techa - lena ingcoliswe kakhulu esikhathini samanje nosuku emfuleni, eduze abantu abahlala lapho. Ngenxa ekusithekeni of the into kanye non-ukudalulwa kolwazi eyiqiniso mayelana ingcole kakhulu endaweni yenhlekelele zaziyizindawo. Ake sibheke ukuthi emzaneni lizungezwe umfula Techa, futhi kwenzekani kubo.

Amadamu eyakhelwe eduze nedolobhana Muslimova elise 37 amakhilomitha away, futhi kuya esizalweni somfula - 165 km. Ukulandela amabanga - zokuhlala Brodokalmak (68 km), Russian Techa emzaneni (97 km) wahlala Nizhnepetropavlovskoe (107 km kusuka edamini). Kuzo zonke lezi nemizana amazinga osabekayo emisebeni, kodwa, ngeshwa, nabantu abakuwo uphile futhi ziyafa ebuhlungu ezingamahlalakhona ukugula ngemisebe. Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi umfula Techa, emisebeni zazo lenzelwa namuhla ngamakhulu amakhilomitha yake endaweni yokuphumula futhi wondla ama-yonke indawo.

imiphumela ukutheleleka

Kuze kube manje, imiphumela yokungcoliswa emisebeni ilokhu ingaxazululiwe. Ngeshwa, isesekhona isikhathi eside kakhulu. Nature is eside kakhulu sisusiwe enjalo ukungcoliswa ezingabonisi ukucabangela. Techa emfuleni Chelyabinsk esifundeni namuhla liyindawo eyingozi kakhulu kule planethi. Futhi hhayi nje elahla.

Ngu amadamu basutha ngokuphelele imfucumfucu enemisebe. Ngezansi edamini Asanovskie bogs baye sathatha bonke izinto ezifanayo elimazayo. Ngenxa yalokho, nabo namanje okushiya phakathi Techa emfuleni. I esiyingozi kakhulu kuleli cala kwenzakala Lake Karachai ugcwele imfucumfucu enemisebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziningi amangcwaba, imisele, amathangi kanye okukhethekile ezitolo. Lonke ndawo e -Araba uzamcolo emfuleni kuyinto elinegciwane ngokuphelele.

Ukusabalala ukutheleleka

Njengoba wonke umuntu uyazi, emfuleni indawo ungeme. Lapho umfula uthululela phakathi Techa? Njengoba sekushiwo, ngulona logeleta emfuleni Iset. Techa ngokwayo incane ubude futhi ageleza kuyo 243 km. Ukuletha nabo amanzi angcolile, ke ushevu konke, kuhlanganise emfuleni kulo kugeleza. Kufanele ukuthi amanzi kakade buhlanjululwe, kodwa awakwazi abe ohlanzekile ngokuphelele futhi, ngakho-ke, emfuleni Techa, emisebeni eyeqa ezingeni kuvunyelwe izikhathi eziyizigidi eziyishumi, kanye nezinye ingcolise emifuleni.

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi bekuyokwenzekani ukube kungazelelwe yonke zenuzi imfucuza uyowela kuwo. Ingabe uye ukusabela chain: Techa agelezela Iset Iset yena, kungokwalabo somfula River Tobol. A Tobol odabula yonke Kazakhstan neRussia, futhi agelezela Irtysh. Ngaphezu kwalokho futhi ngeke uthumele kubo bonke, ngakho kusobala ukuthi le miphumela eyayiyoholela enhlekeleleni esabekayo. Khuluma mayelana ezinhle. Yini eyenziwayo ukuze ugcine emfuleni?

Imicimbi ukuhlanzwa emfuleni

Kuze kube manje, izinyathelo baphuthunyiswe elahla phansi emfuleni kwemfunda. Kusho ukuthini? Lokhu kusho ukuthi umfula Techa, kunalokho, kwakunabamemezeli abambalwa kuphela abangabodwa emakhilomitha kwimfunda, wathola ebhange elisha. Njengengxenye yohlelo kwemvelo, kwanqunywa ukuba ukwehlukanisa embhedeni emfuleni futhi uthele inhlabathi ehlanzekile ngendlela isiteshi. Lokhu kwaba ukuvimbela ukufinyelela kubantu nasezilwaneni ukuthi amanzi angcolile. Futhi kuhlelwe kokufika loMfula nezihlahla ukubuyisela izitshalo elahlekile.

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi lezi zinyathelo kwaba ukuncishiswa abalulekile amazinga ngemisebe. Ukufafaza inhlabathi entsha ahlanzekile kwenza ukuba alondoloze amasayithi enobuthi futhi inhlabathi. Lezi imisebenzi baye bavumela ukuba kuncishiswe ingozi abantu ngokuhlala phakathi kwemingcele River Techa. Iqiniso lokuthi imisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphakathi dolobhana futhi esiteshini Muslimova ukuvikela abantu abahlala kule ndawo. On isibonelo lo mfula elidumile ungabona imiphumela ezinzima ubuthi bemisebe.