I-Russia, Karachay (echibi): izithombe nokubuyekezwa

I-Karachay iyizibi elidumile ngokungaqondakali kwalo; Ngokuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ichibi elibi. Yelula amamitha angu-130 000. Ngeshwa, manje ayikho. NgoNovemba 26, 2015, imitha yokugcina yesigcawu esesigcawini esithathwe yili chibi lalala.

Ukubhujiswa kwechibi

Yini eyabangela uhulumeni ukuba anikeze ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-17 kanye ne-zazhushat ngokungenasici agcwalise ichibi eliyingqayizivele iKarachay esifundeni saseChelyabinsk? Konke mayelana ne-Mayak, etholakala endaweni eseduze. Leli feksi ngesikhathi esisodwa laphoqelelwa, kodwa izenzo ezingenangqondo kakhulu. Izisebenzi zaxosha yonke imfucuza yemisebe yomswakama kulowo muzi , ngaleyo ndlela yandisa izinga lemisebe kulo lonke izwe. Futhi maduzane kwenzeka iphutha. I-Lake Karachay (eRussia) yaqala ukukhula, izinga lamanzi lahleka ngenxa yokuhwamuka. Futhi kanye nalo, le nkunkuma yaqhuma futhi: umoya wathwala ama-radioactive gas, ngakho-ke engozini enkulu kwakuyizindawo ezintathu - iChelyabinsk, iSverdlovsk neTyumen. Iziphathimandla zanquma ukuthulukisa ukhonkolo phezu kwendawo yonke yolwandle ukuze zivikele ezinye izindawo ezivela emfucumfucu omsakazo.

Igama lechibi

I-Karachay - echibini, ngokucwaninga okuningiliziwe komlando okuvula iqiniso elithakazelisayo elihlotshaniswa negama leli pondayi. Iqiniso liwukuthi okokuqala lalibizwa negama elihlukile - i-Karagaisas. Kuyaziwa kusukela idatha ka-1790, ngokusho komqulu wokuhlola umhlaba. Eqinisweni, leli chibi lalingenalutho kangangokuthi izikhathi eziningana loma futhi lalingabonakaliswa ngisho ebalazweni - abahloli basuke bengaboni leli gaba futhi bengenzi lutho mayelana nalo. Iqiniso elibalulekile: emabalazweni ka-1936 insimu yeKarachai ibhalwe njengamaxhaphozi. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ukujula kwalo akufinyelelanga ngisho namamitha amabili. Kuze kube yilolu suku igama elithi Karachay lifikile, ngokusobala, ngenxa yokucubungula kanye nokufika kwegama, igama elithi Karagaisas lithathwe esikhundleni se-sonorous futhi kulula ukuyikhumbula.

Isinqumo esasichitha leli chibi

Izikhathi ezinzima zechibi zafika ngo-1951. Ngaleso sikhathi uS Slavsky othile wamemezela umqondo wokusebenzisa leli garaji njengendawo yokukhishwa kwemfucuza yemisebe. Umbono wawusekelwe. I-Karachay iyizibi, okwathi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kwaba yisitsha esikhulu esasetshenziselwa ukususa imfucuza yamanzi emsakazweni. Kulindeleke ukuthi maduzane kwaba indawo eyingozi kakhulu hhayi kuphela esifundeni saseChelyabinsk, kodwa nasemhlabeni. Kuyo yonke inkathi yokusetshenziswa kukaKarachai, ngokusho kwenhloso echazwe ngenhla, ngamakhilomitha ayizigidi eziyikhulu namashumi amabili anqwabelene echibini (i-unit-system unit yokulinganisa umsebenzi), okuyinto engaphezu kwesimiso esijwayelekile futhi imelela ingozi yangempela kubantu.

Indawo

Uma sikhuluma kabanzi mayelana nokuthi i-Karachay Lake ikhona kuphi, sekuyaziwa ukuthi ithatha insimu engxenyeni ephakathi kwe-Ulagach, Tatish, Malaya Nanoga, namachibi aseKyzyltash esifundeni saseChelyabinsk. Futhi eduze komfula iMisheljak. Futhi konke kubonakala sengathi kulungile, kodwa leli chibi labhubhisa indawo yesitshalo seMayak ensimini yaso, lapho izidakamizwa ezivuthayo zikhishwa khona.

Ukuqothulwa kwezwe lesilwane

Ngokolunye ulwazi, kwaziwa ukuthi i-radioactive lake Karachay yayihlala amadada. Ngakho tshela izakhamuzi zendawo ezazizingela lapho kanye. Futhi lapho kwakungenzeka ukubamba izinhlanzi ezincane. Ngeshwa, ngemva kokuba lesi sitshalo siqale ukukhipha izinto ezinobungozi, zonke izidalwa eziphilayo zafa. Okwamanje, umuntu oye wahlala imizuzu emihlanu engxenyeni kaKarachai, uzoqala ukuzwa isisindo esinzima nesifo esinobuthi, kepha uma ehlala lapho isikhathi, ngisho ne-ambulensi yakhe ngeke imsindise ekufeni.

Inkinga enkulu echibini

I-Karachay - echibi (isithombe ngenhla), esinezinkinga eziningi. Eminyakeni embalwa (1961-1964), leli gumbi lalinamanzi aphansi aphansi, okwakubangelwa ukuhlaselwa phansi kwezinye izindawo. Ngo-1961 kwavela umoya onamandla kakhulu endaweni. Izinto ezinomsakazo ezatholwa echibini zaqala ukugeleza kanye namanzi. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi imfucumfucu enobuthi isakaze emabangeni amakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, hhayi kuphela isimo sendawo esathintekile, kodwa futhi nabantu - ngokusho kwemithombo ethile, abantu abangaba yizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amahlanu babethelwe ubuthi. Ngemva kwalesi sigameko, iziphathimandla zanquma ukuqeda ngokuphelele leli chibi, ukuba zilale emgodini obuluhlaza. Baqala le nqubo ngo-1986. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, izingxenye ezingajulile zalesi sigodi zaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngama-1980, lapho isimo sezulu sendawo sashintsha ngokuphawulekayo, izinga lamanzi laphakama kakhulu. Kulokhu, wonke umsebenzi wamiswa. Umbuso waqala ukwenza izinqubo eziningi ezathinteka echibini futhi zinciphisa izinga lamanzi. Ngo-November 26, 2015, kwaziswa ukuthi umsebenzi wokulondoloza usuqedile. Manje le ndawo insimu ehlanganiswe nenhlabathi enezinyosi kanye namabhuloki okhonkolo.

I-Urals Hiroshima

Izivakashi zifika kuleli chibi, yebo, cha. Abathengi bephephandaba laseBrithani elaliziwa kamuva nje bathi iKarachay yindawo eyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Futhi nakuba manje indawo yendawo yonke ibhekwa ngokuqinile ngokhonkolo, ihlale isengozini ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemisebe emoyeni. Manje le nsizwa ibizwa ngokuthi "Ural Hiroshima" noma "i-Chelyabinsk Chernobyl". Ngendlela, kunezindlu ezithengiswa ngentengo ekhangayo, kodwa ungahlala kuyo, yebo, hhayi isikhathi eside.

Ukusebenzisa isibonelo seLake Karachay, umuntu angaqonda ukuthi umuntu ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yokuziphatha kwakhe okungenangqondo, unomthelela omubi emvelweni futhi ubhubhisa into engamzuzisa. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi insimu enkulu kangaka ithintekile futhi izophela ukuba yingozi ngemva kwamakhulu eminyaka.