Yini iqembu igazi ingane?

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuzalwa abazali bacabanga ngalokho uhlobo lwegazi yingane nje qha. Uma kukhona lokungafani, khona-ke amadoda kukhona ukungabaza mayelana nobuqotho bukaJesu kwaze kwaba owesifazane, futhi yena - badideke okuncane.

Eqinisweni, igazi iqembu umntwana - kuwumphumela ukubambisana phakathi kwabazali ababili, futhi yakhiwa ezuzwa komunye noma omunye umuntu.
Ngaphambi you phikisana, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi jikelele kunqunywa lwegazi.

igazi ukwakheka

Ngo-plasma (ingxenye ewuketshezi yegazi) iqukethe izinto ababiziweyo agglutinins (bona zibizwa ngokuthi i-futhi c), kanye amangqamuzana egazi abomvu surface yabo agglutinogens (ezikhonjiswe njengo-A no-B). Njengoba sazi ukuthi A no B hhayi angaba khona ndawonye, kanye bese kukhona 4 igazi awuhlobo schematically kungenziwa elabekwa kanje:

Iqembu I - 00 (akukho agglutinogens) aw (kokubili agglutinin etholakalayo)
Iqembu II - 0A (uye agglutinogen A) ku (lapho agglutinin 1)
Iqembu III - 0V (kuwukuthi agglutinogen) no- (lapho agglutinin 1)
Iqembu IV - AB (has kokubili agglutinogen) 00 (akukho agglutination)

Ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukumpontshelwa igazi akuhambisani kungenzeka ukuhlangana A kanye noma B nokuthi ziholela ukubhujiswa abomvu egazi ashaye futhi gluing.

Yini iqembu igazi ingane?

Ukukhuluma salengiswa ke nengxenye eyodwa izinhlayiya eziyisisekelo zofuzo njengefa kusukela umama wengane, kanti enye ingxenye - kuyise. Lokhu kusebenza futhi igazi.

Ngokwesibonelo, uma nje iqembu umama mina (00), kanye IV uyise (AB), ingane ungathola II (0A) noma III (0v) lwegazi.

Mina futhi ngizokulwa iqembu kuphela mina, I no II - II kuphela mina, lapho mina no-III - III, futhi mina kuphela, II nabazali eqenjini II futhi angase abe ingane nge I neyesi-II c. . Kr, III, futhi iqembu III anganika mina III, futhi II no III - anganika zonke izinhlobo ezine igazi, kuyilapho IV futhi IV ukunikeza II, III no IV.

Kuyacaca ukuthi akekho noyedwa ongathi lokho uhlobo lwegazi ingane, kodwa sicabanga sisengakwazi.

Isiphetho wukuthi uma omunye umzali nengane mina iqembu angazalwa enokukhubazeka uhlobo IV igazi, futhi aba amaSheshi, ebukhoneni Iqembu IV omunye wabazali, ingane ayikwazi azalwe mina c. Kr.

RH isici

Igazi iqukethe into okuthiwa RH isici. Kuyinto-85% inani eliphelele abantu (okuthiwa RH-positive), kuyilapho asele 15% abanayo ke (RH-negative). igazi Positive ayikwazi elampontshelwa sokuba benzeni labo abanemithwalo RH negative igazi.

Lokhu isici ingane Angaba yindlalifa kokubili ubaba nomama. abazali ababili RH-HIV kungenzeka sibe ingane RH-negative, futhi lokho kulungile kakhulu.

Lokho Okushiwo lwegazi

Ungakhathazeki, ngoba indlela ukucacisa iqembu igazi nengane kanye RH kufanele ngokushesha nje ngemva kokuzalwa esibhedlela. Le nqubo kudinga reagents futhi impela kancane isikhathi.

Ukumazi lolu daba kunezici ezimbili: zokuziphatha futhi wezokwelapha.
Ukwazi bonyana ngiyiphi igazi iqembu ingane kuyadingeka, kungaba wusizo ukulimala okudinga ukumpontshelwa. Yiqiniso, ngaphambi kokuba inqubo ngempela ihlolwe ukuhambisana lokuthi futhi umemukeli (umuntu umamukeli), kodwa esimweni esiphuthumayo, lapho ukulandisa kuqhubeka umzuzu, uyakusindiswa isikhathi esiyigugu.

Kubalulekile ukwazi futhi RH yakho isici, ikakhulukazi amantombazane. Abakhulelwe ngegazi engakhi isici Rhesus kufanele kube ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha esiqinile, isb. A. RH ukungqubuzana okungase kube khona phakathi kukamama nomntwana umbungu esimweni ifa igazi RH-HIV kusukela uyise.

Mismatching yeqembu igazi zingasiqaphelisa ingane uma ekhula. Futhi uma azi kahle ukuthi uhlobo lwegazi ingane ngokuxuba abanye ababili, kungase kuvele izinguqulo njenge phambi kukayise non-lwendabuko noma yibo bobabili abazali. Lokhu ekubeni ubunzima, ikakhulukazi entsheni. Maximalism esivela iningi kuthomba ebambezela ukusamukela isimo futhi ukusho "ngiyabonga" kubazali bazo ukuze zithole lokho ngimnikele ithuba zikhula emndenini.

Kodwa kungenzeka futhi yokuthi kuguquka livelile, futhi nakuba kwenzeka akuvamile, asikwazi indiva. Kuze kube manje, izinkomba ezifana uhlobo lwegazi, alikwazi ubufakazi nokuzwelana, inkantolo liyadingeka ukuhlaziywa DNA.