Ngubani schizophrenic? Indlela ukuqaphela schizophrenic? schizophrenics eyaziwa

Ofuna ukuphumela obala futhi engaqondakali lokugula ngengqondo. Umphakathi ngabantu abaphethwe kubo. Kungani lokhu kwakwenzeka? Mhlawumbe uhlobo oluthile lokugula ngengqondo wadluliselwa amaconsi sisemoyeni? Igama engaqondakali "schizophrenic" kuyinto omningi nemizwelo engqubuzanayo futhi izinhlangano ezimbi. Kodwa ngubani schizophrenic futhi kungaba yingozi kwabanye?

Umlando omncane

Igama elithi "ukusangana" kwamiswa futhi lisuselwa emagameni amabili lesiGreki: "schizo" - Ukwehlukanisa, "Fran" - ingqondo. Igama isifo yasungulwa Uprofesa wezifo zengqondo uPawulu Eugen Bleuler, futhi bathi kufanele kube lusizo nje ososayensi abatholi indlela ephumelelayo ukwelapha. Nokho, izimpawu zesifo iye yachazwa kwengqondo Russia ngo-1987, lapho kwadingeka igama elihlukile - "ideofreniya".

Ngubani schizophrenic? izingqondo Bright ngifuna impendulo yalo mbuzo. Mayelana sifo kakhulu eyaziwa futhi abazi lutho. ukuziphatha ovamile ixubene yokungafaneleki, imibono uhlakaniphile umkhawulo ku-umbhedo ekwenzekeni kwento engenakwenzeka. Bleuler wabhekisela kulo iveza umbono oyindida abantu ngokomzwelo, volitional, nokuhlakanipha.

Ngokuvamile, ekuqaleni nje umndeni eqagela mayelana nesimo se-isihlobo. Iqiniso lokuthi lesi sifo kubonakala bayasangana engajwayelekile uyayilahla abathandekayo, futhi maqondana kubo bonke kwezinso ebonakalayo futhi izimpawu zesifo, kuyilapho nabangani kanye nozakwabo, ukuziphatha ayiguquki. Ukuthi kukhona incazelo ngokuphelele ekushoyo kunengqondo. Lulwimi loluhlelekile, zokuxhumana olukha phezulu akudingi izindleko ezifana omkhulu ngokomzwelo, njengoba ubuhlobo. Personality lilimele, isendaweni izigaba ukubhujiswa, kungani uthando - kuyinto sphere ubuhlungu, umuntfu ute lobudoda noma ngokomzimba ukuchitha ngokwako on wakhe.

izimpawu

Ngakho yimuphi schizophrenic? Lona indoda ohlushwa ukugula okungathí sina, esibonakala by eziningi izici:

• Kubonakaliswa coldness ngokomzwelo. Le ndoda acime imizwa nezihlobo, abangane. Kancane kancane zasondela nandaba usuthathelwa ngamabomu ubudlova nentukuthelo maqondana abantu abaseduze.
• isithakazelo Lost kwezokuzijabulisa, ukuzilibazisa. izinsuku zavela ezingenalutho esikhundleni izinto zokuzilibazisa.
• Buthaka imizwa esiswini. It libhekene yokuthi umuntu ungeqa ukudla, indiva ukushisa okukhulu noma ezibandayo, ukuletha ukubukeka kwakho siqu nangale ukuqashelwa livela untidiness, slovenliness, ukunganaki eliphelele izingubo futhi eziyisisekelo ukwelashwa nsuku zonke (ukuxubha amazinyo, ukunakekelwa ebusweni, umzimba, izinwele, njll . d.)
• Kukhona kungenzeka ethi, akaphinde asibalele amanzi, okuyize, kube yinqaba futhi amazwana angalungile.
• Kukhona ukusangana sokuzwa nokubukwayo. Ingozi iba ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi izwi ngamazwi akusho nje ukudlulisela ukwaziswa, futhi ishukumisele esenzweni: ukuze udale umonakalo omkhulu yena noma abanye.
• Ngubani schizophrenic? Okokuqala, umuntu othambekele neurosis hypochondriacal, has ezihlukahlukene zokwesaba nokwesaba abangenangqondo, ohlushwa depersonalization.
• Ngendlela efanele usaqala kubonakala obsessions (scary imicabango awayiphazamisi nezithombe).
• Ungatjheja namandla, ukucobeka, ukuqwasha, ukucobeka, futhi ukungabakhathaleli nhlobo izidingo zobulili.

sengqondo

Ngaphansi isimo sengqondo libhekisela Spring Fever e schizophrenics. It libhekene ukulahlekelwa ngokuqondene emhlabeni wangempela. Encishisiwe ukuma, izimpawu evamile ukuthatha ifomu hypertrophied. Kukholakala ukuthi ngisho umuntu enempilo ihlangabezana kwaba lokungahlaliseki ekwindla kanye entwasahlobo. Lokhu kuvezwa obala melancholia, jikelele ukucobeka umzimba, amavithamini, ukusebenza kahle encishisiwe.

Noma kunjalo, "abaphilisi komphefumulo" abaningi bathi schizophrenics Spring Fever - lena inganekwane ezingaphezu kuka ngokoqobo. Eziwohlokayo sifo akuvamile evaleleke isikhathi esithile sonyaka.

experiment Rozenhana

Emuva ngo-1973 isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo D. Rozenhan labetibambile ukuhlolwa okungakaze okuyingozi. Watshela emhlabeni nendlela yokuba schizophrenic, futhi ubuyele emuva evamile. Wayelethwa babelazi kahle symptomatology lesi sifo, futhi wakwenza kahle kakhulu kangangokuthi wakwazi belingisa lokusangana, hit kwathiwa unesifo umtholampilo sabagula ngengqondo, futhi ngemva kwesonto ngokuphelele "waphulukisa" futhi ubuyele emuva ekhaya.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ukuhlolwa ezithakazelisayo liphindwe, kodwa manje wezengqondo ngokugqamile ubekade unabangane abanesibindi. Ngamunye wabo wayazi kahle nendlela yokuba schizophrenic, bese ngobuciko zibonisa ukuphulukiswa. Indaba ezithakazelisayo futhi uyafundisa iqiniso lokuthi zalotshelwa ngamazwi athi "bayasangana e ukuthethelelwa." Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi bengqondo ungashiyi amathuba yokutakula futhi uphethwe esabekayo Uyobasukela konke ukuphila kwakhe?

omkhulu crazy

Isihloko "schizophrenics Famous" kubangela eziningi mpikiswano ezinomsindo. Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, lesi epithet ezithophayo ukhishwa cishe wonke umuntu usezuze engakaze ibonwe eziphakeme ubuciko, noma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi. Schizophrenic ucingo njalo omunye umlobi, umculi, umlingisi, isazi, imbongi kanye sefilosofi. Yiqiniso, iqiniso kulezi zitatimende kancane, futhi abantu bavame ukudida ithalente, eyinqaba futhi lokusungula ngezibonakaliso lokugula ngengqondo.

Wahlupheka le nkinga umbhali Russian Nikolay vasilevich Gogol. Neziqubu sengqondo, exutshwe injabulo nomsebenzi yathela izithelo. Lokho bayasangana zibangelwa ukuhlasela yokwesatshwa, hypochondria, claustrophobia. Lapho isimo saba sibi kakhulu, ukuthi lo mbhalo wesandla abadumile kwashiswa. Umbhali wale ncwadi wachaza ukuthi namaqhinga kaSathane.

Vincent van Gogh wayegula nge sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Injabulo zalandelwa ukuhlaselwa nemicabango yokuzibulala. Lesi sifo uye usuthuthuke umdwebi ihora X - labetibambile ukusebenza odumile, nalapho ayengavunyelwe waquma indlebe yayo futhi wathumela ingxenye yaleli insalela othandekayo wakhe njengoba isikhumbuzo, bese wathunyelwa isikhungo ngokuba uphazamisekile emqondweni.

Isazi sefilosofi-German Fridrih Nitsshe waba ukuxilongwa "ukusangana". ukuziphatha kwakhe akazange ihluke nokwanela, okuyize of bemibuso kwakuyisici esibonakalisa. Kukhona theory kwathiwa emibhalweni yakhe ukuthonywa yalelozwe-Adolf Hitler kanye asiqinisa isifiso sakhe ukuba abe "master kwezwe."

Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ososayensi schizophrenic - akuyona inganekwane. Isibonelo esimangalisayo - American sezibalo Dzhon Forbs Nesh. ekuxilonga - "bayasangana paranoid." John yaziwa sibonga emhlabeni wonke ukuba ifilimu "idiski engaba eyohlaloningi." Wenqaba ukuphuza amaphilisi, echaza ukuthi ungaba nethonya elibi endleleni amakhono aso engqondo. Abantu ku basuke bemhlonipha njengomuntu abayinqaba ongenangozi, kodwa sezibalo wayesalokhu uMklomelo KaNobel.

Indlela ukuqaphela schizophrenic?

1. Isiguli iyeke ukukhuluma nabangani babo, njengoba azibona kuzo kwabozungu, abaqambimanga futhi izitha abafuna ukuba abulawe.
2. Ukuhlaselwa ka kude futhi esikhathini esisichitha sisodwa kungenza kuthathelwe indawo sociability ngokweqile.
3. Schizophrenic ukhuluma ngokwakhe, ngakho akuyona imishwana banal like "Ukuphi okhiye bami?" Lo kokuma baqiniseka elingenalo logic, ingxoxo yakhiwe ngendlela eyinqaba, is "ilele" kusuka kwelinye iphuzu ziye kwelinye. Kukhona yigama lezokwelapha i "logic-lokuqobela" - lolu hlobo lokucabanga, esibonakala by philosophising okungalungile, uyisiwula, ezingenalutho, izahlulelo banal.
4. izici Guqula ubuntu (ukunemba kanye ukuphelela unikeza indlela yokushayela budedengu futhi sloppiness).
5. Izinguquko Ezenzeka bezibona, ngokuvamile egqoke oqabukelayo.
6. kuyinqaba, ukuziphatha kungamukeleki.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona abanye izibonelo ohlwini kungukuthi usakhuluma ngalokho umuntu ogula kakhulu. kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane kuba ochwepheshe abanekhono ngokucophelela kakhulu futhi ezinesisindo. Ngemva bayasangana - lokhu inhlamba futhi wabahlulela ngezinga elingakanani lomusho.

Kanjani hhayi ukuba bazilethele ulaka isiguli?

umphakathi ngabantu ezinokuphazamiseka engqondweni, kodwa Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, akunakwenzeka uma ilungu lomndeni schizophrenic. Okufanele ukwenze esimweni esinjalo? Okokuqala, funda ngokucophelela ulwazi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani nge schizophrenic. Kunezindlela eziningana imithetho:

1. Ungabuzi imibuzo okuhloswe ngazo ukuchaza imininingwane izitatimende kokudumazeka.
2. Ningaxabani, kwetama izinsolo isiguli.
3. Uma isiguli imizwelo enamandla kakhulu (saba, intukuthelo nenzondo, ukudabuka, ukukhathazeka), ukuzama ukunqanda wakhe. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ushayele udokotela.
4. Ngokunakekela okukhulu bengasheshi ukuveza imibono yabo siqu.
5. Musa bekloloda, futhi ungesabi.

uhlanyiswa

Wayengubani a schizophrenic Paranoid? Lona umuntu uhlushwa imicabango yokuzakhela (umhawu, megalomania, okuyize yoshushiso), ehlaselwe ukwesaba, ukungabaza, ukuhhema, wacabanga sifo. Lesi sifo kwenzeka abaseminyakeni engaphezu kuka-25 no-ngendlela efanele usaqala kuyinto evilaphayo. Lona omunye zokukhulekela zenkolo ezazivame kakhulu sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

"Ubuhlanya Heavy" wengane

Kubazali, akukho okubi kakhulu ukwedlula ingane egulayo. Izingane nge schizophrenics - into njalo. Bona, yebo, zihlukile kontanga. Lesi sifo singenzeka ngisho ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, kodwa avele ngemva kwesikhathi eside kakhulu. Kancane kancane zasondela ingane eba likhishwa, adonswa nabathandekayo babo kungabonwa disorder wacabanga kanye nokulahlekelwa ephelele isithakazelo emisebenzini evamile. Ukushesha inkinga ibanjiwe, ephumelela kakhudlwana umzabalazo wokulwa ke. Kukhona ezinye zezimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi kufanele wazise:

• Ukuhamba emhlabeni futhi ngapha nangapha.
• ukuyaluza Rapid kanye wokudamba cishe ngokuphazima kweso.
• Impulsiveness.
• izinyembezi Unmotivated, iconsi, ukuhleka, ubudlova.
• Kuyabanda.
• Ukucobeka, ukuntuleka isinyathelo.
• Ukuwa inkulumo kanye baxhashazwe.
• ukuziphatha iwubuphukuphuku.

Ebuntwaneni bayasangana besaba khona izinkinga. Uma inqubo wabonakala ngokuthi isiphi isigaba sayo ukwakheka umuntu, kungase kuvele isici oligofrenopodobny nge retardation engqondo.

umuthi wokwelapha

Kukhona ocatshangelwayo ezithakazelisayo kanjani ukushintsha ukuphila schizophrenic. Kungani odokotela kanye noprofesa kanye nezinyanga okhazimulayo isikhathi sethu usengakathelwa ayitholakalanga indlela ephumelelayo ukwelapha? Kulula kakhulu: bayasangana - isifo komphefumulo, ngakho imithi ungakuvumeli ekululameni, kodwa eshubisa busebenze kuphela.

A ikhambi, angase ethempelini leNkosi, nguye uphulukisa umphefumulo. Yiqiniso, ekuqaleni, le ndlela akekho uye bamukela, kodwa kamuva, lapho izihlobo ukuza yithemba, bazimisele uzame lutho. Futhi akumangalisi ukuthi, inkolelo amandla okuphulukisa esontweni futhi bangasebenza isimangaliso.

okubi kakhulu lesi sifo

Exacerbation ka schizophrenics ungase shí isidumo izihlobo izwele. Isikhathi okukhulu isifo kudinga esibhedlela ngokushesha. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuvikela imvelo ngokushesha futhi ukuvikela nesineke. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nezinkinga ezihlobene iqiniso lokuthi schizophrenic akusho azibheke umuntu ogulayo. Zonke emaphuzwini isizathu ziyophulwa ebodeni nalutho yokungaqondi yakhe, ngakho-ke kudingeka bathathe isinyathelo ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe. Futhi kufanele kube ujwayelene izimpawu isixwayiso isilinganiselo lokubuya kwesifo:

• Shintsha imodi evamile.
• Izici zokuziphatha ezaba khona ngaphambi kuhlasela zokugcina.
• Ukwenqaba uvakashele kudokotela wezifo zengqondo.
• Ukungabikho noma overabundance omkhulu wokudlulisa imizwelo.

Uma izimpawu zibonakala, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela, ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi isiguli kusukela ngaphandle, musa ukushintsha isigqi nasendleleni yabo yokuphila.

amathiphu eduze

Abantu abanale isihlobo ezinjalo, ngokuvamile ukuhlala at ukulahlekelwa ukuba baqonde indlela ngayohlala nabo ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa. Ukuze ugweme ukweqisa, kubalulekile ukufunda ukwaziswa ngendlela yokuthola ukuphila okunenjongo nge schizophrenic:

• Iziguli zidinga ukwelashwa eside futhi kufanele igcinwe kokubuyekezwa njalo.
• Therapy ngokuqinisekile ibe exacerbation kanye nale nkinga futhi.
• Kuyadingeka ukwakha umzimba umsebenzi ngokuthenga nangemisebenzi yasendlini ukuze isiguli futhi akasoze idlule.
• Overprotection umonakalo ekwaziyo.
• Ngesikhathi egula ngengqondo abakwazi siyathukuthela, amemeze ucasukile. Abakwazi ukuthutha-mbisana nokugxekwa.

Futhi, izimpawu izama ukuzibulala esizohlasela okumele ukwazi:

1. izitatimende Jikelele mayelana ukungabi nangqondo futhi impermanence khona, ukuba nesono abantu.
2. yokungabaza Hopeless.
3. Amazwi, oda ukuzibulala.
4. Zokuqiniseka isiguli ukuthi uhlushwa isifo esingalapheki.
5. Isimo okuzumayo Ukumiselwa.

Ukuvimbela naleyo nhlekelele, kufanele bafunde ukuhlukanisa phakathi ukuziphatha "evamile" ka schizophrenic ongaphilile. Kuyinto engenakwenzeka indiva inkulumo yakhe mayelana isifiso ukuzibulala, abantu abavamile uyakwazi ngale ndlela ukufuna ukunakekela umuntu yakhe siqu, kodwa nge schizophrenic lihlukile. Kufanele uzame ukudlulisela umqondo wakhe ukuthi isifo maduze ukuyeka nize impumuzo. Kodwa kufanele kwenziwe ngomusa unobtrusively.

Kubi, uma isiguli uhlushwa yisigqila sotshwala noma sezidakamizwa, lokhu kuzenza zibe zimbi nakakhulu isifo, kakhulu inkimbinkimbi inqubo yokutakula, ayinikele amandla okumelana nemithi, kodwa futhi kwandisa ukuthambekela ubudlwangudlwangu.

Udlame lapha imele wedwa. Futhi abantu abaningi bakhathazekile mbuzo: kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi umonakalo schizophrenic kwabanye? Kufanele ngokushesha kuqashelwe ukuthi ingozi social is ihaba. Yiqiniso, ziye zaba khona izibonelo, kodwa uma ufake ubuhlobo esangene wokwethembana ngizinakekele kahle, ingozi ayifakiwe ngokuphelele.