Yini esenza sibone izithombe Hubble

Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukuba khona wesayensi ezifana ukufunda izinkanyezi, kusukela esikhathini samakhosi uGalileo, izazi zezinkanyezi sizibeka umgomo owodwa oyinhloko - ukubona ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi eminye, ukubheka ujule yonke.

Ukwethulwa kwe-Hubble Space Telescope, entwasahlobo ka-1990 uye wavumela isintu ukuba sizame ukusheshisa ekuzuzweni kwemiPhumela imigomo futhi waba ngomunye zigqila enkulu yesayensi yesimanjemanje ekuhloleni ezisemkhathini yonke. Lokhu isibonakude, okuyinto ujikeleza Earth, kanye nezithombe Hubble ivumela ukubukeka eningiliziwe kweyesi zasezulwini futhi izinqubo ezenzeka endaweni yonke. I isibonakude itholakala ngaphandle emkhathini iplanethi yethu (569 amakhilomitha ngaphezu kwamanzi). Njengoba kwaziwa kahle umoya ikakhulu yomhlaba opaque futhi kungaba ngokuphawulekayo phendulela isithombe, enziwe emhlabeni. Inani elikhulu emoyeni emaphaketheni inikeza amaningi "ukuhlanekezela okwakhiwa ngalo", ngenxa okuyinto, isibonelo, izinkanyezi "asabela" lapho libhekwa Earth. Yingakho izithombe kusuka Hubble, okwenza "izithombe trans-okwakhiwa ngalo" izithombe lizidlula kude kuthathwe ngezibonakude phansi ezisekelwe.

Lokhu isibonakude - omunye yimpumelelo kakhulu NASA amaphrojekthi. He sa Emhlabeni sesifundo somuntu laboratories izithombe zabo. Nge-Hubble Space Telescope iyinombolo ezinkulu zamakhophi nsukuzonke. Izithombe eziphuma Hubble avumele ukuba asikhanyisele eziningi yezinto eziyimpicabadala kakhulu yezinkanyezi, obabukhona amakhulu eminyaka. Ngakho, ososayensi bakwazi ukusungula ngobudala bendawo yonke (okuyinto iminyaka 13-14 bhiliyoni ngokumelene ubudala, uhla ebanzi kunalokho zeminyaka 10-20 billion), ukuba khona quasars namandla amnyama (amandla angaqondakaliyo kubangela ukwanda komkhathi).

Isithombe kusukela ososayensi-Hubble Space Telescope ayekwazi ukubonisa zonke izigaba kwemvelo zemithala, kuhlanganise encane kakhulu, ezazikhona, ikhodi yethu yonke esemncane. Sekungenzeka ukuba sicabangele amadiski protoplanetary gas lokuhlala nothuli emhlabeni izinkanyezi abasha, khona cishe kuwuphawu kumiswa amaplanethi amasha. Izithombe Hubble bavunyelwe cabanga gamma-ray Ukuvutha - ngendlela emangalisayo onamandla amandla kuqhuma okwenzeka imithala ekude, kanye wabhubhisa izinkanyezi omkhulu. Ngesisekelo eyanikezwa isibonakude, yanyatheliswa izihloko zesayensi ezingaphezu kuka-1000.

umsebenzi zezinkanyezi ososayensi enokuxhumana izinga efanele Hubble avunyelwe umklamo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuhle ngendlela engakholeki. Ulwazi olusuka kwesibonakude sisetshenziselwa izinto ngoba izazi zezinkanyezi emhlabeni wonke. iqembu lochwepheshe abasebenza ubusuku nemini, sicubungula izithombe kusuka-Hubble Space Telescope, okwenza inani elikhulu zatholakala ngokwesayensi. Ngemva ukucutshungulwa isithombe usuphothuliwe ososayensi, izithombe ashicilelwe, futhi kungabonwa yiwo wonke umuntu.

umsebenzi Ubude ku izithombe, yokusizana ososayensi ukwesekwa emazingeni ehlukene emhlabeni wonke kuye kwaletha zokubuka ndawonye eziningi ohlelweni olufanayo ukuthi streamlines inqubo kokutadisha yonke.