"YasePompeii" (isithombe). Ivan Konstantinovich Ayvazovsky

"YasePompeii" kungenziwa ngokuthi omunye yobuciko ongaqashelwa ka-internet Ivana Konstantinovicha Ayvazovskogo. senzakalo esingokomlando, le nhlekelele omuzi wasendulo, waphefumulela umdwebi kuyiwe indaba ngemibono emisha.

umdwebi

Ivan Aivazovsky, noma Hovhannes Ayvazyan, kwaba kanye uhlala omunye abadwebi edume kunazo Russian zasolwandle. seascapes zakhe sokuthandwa nokwaziswa emhlabeni wonke. Umsebenzi iye embukisweni endalini ethandwa "Sotheby sika" futhi "Christie" izigidi British amakhilogremu enhle kangaka.

Wazalelwa 1817, u-Ivan Konstantinovich wahlala engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nantathu, futhi wafa ukufa ethule ebuthongweni bakhe.

Hovhannes wazalelwa emndenini umthengisi Armenia kusukela Galicia. I umdwebi odumile kamuva owakhumbula ukuthi uyise wokuqala lasuka izimpande zawo, ngisho wazama ukuba athi igama lakhe isitayela Polish. Ivan wayeziqhenya abazali ofundile, owayemazi ngokuseduze izilimi eziningana.

Kusukela ekuzalweni kwakhe wayehlala Feodosia Aivazovsky. ithalente lakhe yobuciko basheshe babubona wezakhiwo Yakov Koh. Nguye owaqala ukufundisa Umdwebo Ivan.

IMeya Sevastopol, ngibona isipho esizayo ye-master, futhi waba nengxenye lasungulwa njengoba umculi. Amathalente abantu abasha, ngenxa yemizamo leMeya, wathumela mahhala ukuqeqesha ukuba Petersburg. Njengezinye abaculi Russian abaningi abadumile, Aivazovsky kwaba ongowokuzalwa Sezobuciko. It is kakhulu kuthonywa okuthandwa marinistiki zakudala.

isitayela

Art Academy Petersburg wasiza ekwakheni isitayela Aivazovsky, sibonga izifundo ngesikhathi Ioganna Grossa, Filippa Tannera, u-Alexander Zauerveyda.

Ukudweba "Calm" Ivan K. e 1837 wathola indondo yegolide kanye ilungelo ukuya eYurophu.

Ngemva kwalokho, Aivazovsky wabuyela eCrimea, ekhaya. Elapho, yabhala eminyakeni engu seascapes ezimbili, kanye nokusiza ibutho empini ekulweni nesitha. Omunye imidwebo yakhe kwesikhathi wathenga uMbusi uNicholas Yokuqala.

Ekubuyeleni kwakhe Petersburg ukhishwa kuye lesi yisiqu esibhekisela yezikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena ethola abangane abanjalo adumile njengo Karl Bryullov futhi umqambi Mikhail Glinka.

yohambo

Kusukela 1840 iqala olungcwele oluya e-Italy Aivazovsky. Endleleni eya inhlokodolobha, Ivan nomngane wakhe Basil Sternberg ushayele ku Venice. Ulapho, watholana nomunye kuvakashe ummeleli wendlunkulu Russian Gogol elite. Painter Aivazovsky imidwebo okuye makwaziwe eMbusweni isiRashiya, kumelwe ukuba kwakudumaza emadolobheni amaningi isiNtaliyane, wavakashela Florence, eRoma. Kwaphela isikhathi eside wahlala Sorrento.

izinyanga eziningi Aivazovsky wavakashela umfowabo, owaba indela emhlanganweni waseSt uLazaru Island. Lapho, wakhuluma i Imbongi eyiNgisi uGeorge Byron.

Sebenza "Chaos" abathengwé kuye uPapa Gregory XVI. Abagxeki, amukeleke Aivazovsky, futhi waseParis labangela ukuqala komkhakha Sezobuciko ngisho wamnika Medal of Merit.

Ngo-1842, i-seascape uphuma Italy. Ngemva kokuwela Rhine naseSwitzerland, ehamba eHolland, futhi kamuva eBrithani. Endleleni ngokuvakashela Paris, eSpain nasePortugal. Ngemva kweminyaka emine, wabuyela eRussia.

Aivazovsky, abahlala Petersburg, waba uprofesa zokuhlonipha we Academy efana nalo muzi, futhi eParis, eRome, Stuttgart, uFlorence no-Amsterdam. Waqhubeka ukubhala imidwebo zasolwandle. Anakho ukubukwa phezu 6000.

Kusukela ngo-1845, wayephila Feodosia, lapho afike wasungula khona esikoleni sakhe, wasiza ukwakha igalari, eqalwe ukwakhiwa zinomsebenzi kwaloliwe. Ngemva kokufa wahlala Umdwebo sidle "Ukuqhuma emkhunjini-Turkish".

ezidumile

Aivazovsky imidwebo abangu engaconsi abameleli wonke amakilasi of the Empire, Russian futhi kamuva ngaphansi kweSoviet Union. Cishe kuyo yonke imizi ikhona umndeni yesimanje kugcinwa okungenani oyedwa ukukhiqizwa kabusha Ivan Konstantinovich.

Sekuyisikhathi eside igama lakhe waba uphawu lwezinga eliphakeme kakhulu phakathi seascape. Ethandwa kakhulu yilezo umdwebi:

• "I lesishiyagalolunye Wave".
• "Pushkin Farewell kuze kufike elwandle", okuyinto wabhala kanye Repin yena.
• "Rainbow".
• "Moonlit Ebusuku kwi Bosphorus."
• Phakathi yobuciko ukuthi wabhala Aivazovsky - ". YasePompeii"
• "Buka waseConstantinople kanye Bosphorus."
• "Sea".

Lezi imidwebo avele ngisho izitembu zokuposa. ikhophi yabo, uthunge esiphambanweni efekethisiwe.

ukudideka

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abaningi ukudida "yasePompeii." Isithombe ubani owayiloba, ungazi konke, akuhlangene ne kuwebhu Bryullov. umsebenzi wakhe ubizwa ngokuthi "Izinsuku Zokugcina yasePompeii."

Karl Pavlovich wawubhala 1833. Ibonisa abantu basendulo egijima kusukela intaba-mlilo iqhuma. YasePompeii Briullov izakhamizi babambeke edolobheni. "YasePompeii", incazelo isithombe zihluke kakhulu, udlulisa nombono ohluke ngokuphelele.

Landscape Aivazovsky yabhalwa ngo-1889, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa eyandulela wakhe. Kungenzeka ukuthi, njengoba umngane Bryullova, seascapes ungase baphefumulelwa isihloko esifanayo akhethiwe nhlekelele kwesikhathi lasendulo.

Umdwebo umlando

Umsebenzi uncharacteristic kakhulu Aivazovsky kuthathwa njengesibikezelo esiyiso "yasePompeii." Umdwebo yadalwa ngo-1889. Njengoba isizathu wathatha indaba kusuka emlandweni. Kwenzekani emzini, it namanje kubhekwa enye yezinhlekelele ngobukhulu zemvelo emhlabeni. YasePompeii, izithombe komnikazi kanye amahle lasendulo, akule ndawo laseNaples, eduze nentaba-mlilo eqhumayo. Esikhathini '79 kuqhuma ukuthi kubulale amakhulu ekuphileni nabo. Incazelo isithombe Aivazovsky kusiza ukuba adlulisele zonke lezi zenzakalo.

Uma Bryullov alubonisa ngokulungiselela ngendwangu yakhe indlela kungase ibukeke umuzi ngokwawo futhi ngaphakathi kuwo, khona-ke Aivazovsky kugcizelelwe kolwandle.

"YasePompeii." Isithombe: owabhala nalokho afuna ukukusho

Ukuba seascapes, Ivan K. igxile ukudluliselwa icebo ngaphandle komuzi. Umlando nokunye isitshela ukuthi ekupheleni yasePompeii. Umdwebo okwakwenziwa amathoni elidabukisayo kakhulu elibomvu, elimelela bonke abantu abaphilayo, wangcwatshwa ephila ngaphansi ungqimba lava.

Central sibalo imidwebo ukhonza kolwandle, lapho ukuntanta imikhumbi. Kude ungabona edolobheni zikhanyiswa lava. Isibhakabhaka emnyama intuthu.

Naphezu usizi aba nalo lapho lo mcimbi, Aivazovsky kunikeza ithemba lekusasa eliqhakazile, okubonisa isitsha, abaphunyukileyo ophithizelayo abantu.

Ivan K. wayechaza ukuthini ukuphelelwa yithemba okubangelwa labo owabona ukubhujiswa yasePompeii. Isithombe sigcinwa nge-hhayi igxile ubuso befa abantu. Noma kunjalo, yonke inhlekelele Ukwesabeka kwakho isimo uthi sengathi ulwandle red-hot. On the ngendwangu ubuswa onsomi, omnyama ophuzi imibala.

On the uhlelo central, imikhumbi emibili emikhulu ukuthi uhlushwa olwandle. Kude kungabonwa a lwaluyoshesha ambalwa ukushiya indawo ukufa, okwaba wake simisiwe izakhamuzi edolobheni, ethumba ngendwangu "yasePompeii."

Uma ubuka eduze phezulu, emasongweni Intuthu ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo, aphume yiwo ogelezela emathempelini lasendulo futhi izindlu lava emfuleni. Aivazovsky kwagcizelela khona nomphumela ngokungeza ifilimu yonkana sebuningini amachashazi amnyama imali kwi amanzi umlotha.

Buka isithombe

"Ukufa Pompei" - isithombe ibhecwe upende uwoyela, esiku usayizi ngendwangu 128 x 218 cm, lilondolozwe Rostov.

Iyingxenye ebalulekile ukuqoqwa Rostov Regional Museum of Fine Arts. Lapha ukuthatha izivakashi nsuku zonke kusukela 10.00 ekuseni kuya 18,00 ntambama. Museum ivaliwe ngoLwezibili kuphela. Ikheli: Pushkinskaya emgwaqweni, 115.

Izindleko ithikithi ngaphandle izinzuzo evamile isivakashi izobiza ruble 100. Izingane angakawamukeli wabhalisa esikoleni, kuyodingeka bakhokhe ruble 10. Students akhokhe imali yokungena ruble 25. Abafundi akhokhe ruble angu-50 no-60 ruble umhlalaphansi.

iqoqo Museum licuketse nezinye imidwebo ngu Aivazovsky, njengokuthi "Sea" futhi "Moonlight." Noma kunjalo jewel iqoqo -. "YasePompeii" Incazelo isithombe kunikeza umbono ocacile kangakanani kungaba imvelo esesabekayo.