WWII umhlobiso ezempi. Ubani ukhishwa oda ezempi kanye izindondo wase-USSR?

Lo mklomelo kuwuhlobo wokunyusa liwubufakazi ukuqashelwa sokunconywa. zinhlobo Its main e ERussia kukhona Hero wezeMisebenzi isihloko, Hero yeRussia, nezinhlobonhlobo zezinye iziqu zokuhlonipha, izindondo imiklomelo wokuhamba, amadiploma, amabheji, imiklomelo, abangena Ukuhlonishwa IBhodi, noma eNcwadini Ukuhlonishwa, kanye isimemezelo ukubonga, kanye nabanye. Battle honours ( izindondo) phakathi kwabo ibekwe ezindaweni ezibalulekile kakhulu.

Iqhaza wezwe lakithi eMpini Yezwe II

Ngoba bonke abantu bezwe lakithi kwaba isivivinyo esikhulu kunazo zonke ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe. amabutho eU.SSR ubesizwa bezwe hhayi kuphela kodwa futhi abanye abantu abaphila e-Europe, ukuxoshwa kwabo ebugqilini undlovukayiphikiswa. Ngenxa yalesi, abantu abaningi baye bathola ama-oda ukulwa kanye izindondo. AbaseSoviet amabutho ahlomile wayifeza umsebenzi wabo ngokuphathelene izizwe Asia, anqoba Japan kwezempi, ngokuyinhloko eVietnam, Korea China.

abangu Zingaki izindondo imiklomelo wamnikela ngesikhathi?

Ngezenzo ngaphambili aye ukhishwa isihloko zokuhlonipha ka Hero zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa 11 603 Warrior. Kulaba, abangu 104 ngitholile okwami kabili, futhi AI Pokryshkin, IN Kozhedub futhi GK Zhukov - kathathu.

Ama-oda 10.900 zazinikezwa emikhunjini, amayunithi kanye okwakheke we-Armed Forces. Ngo-USSR, liphinde kahle esihlelwe impi umnotho, kube nephutha ubunye ezingemuva futhi front. Phakathi nempi, yafakazela oda 12, ngaphezu, 25 izindondo. Lakhethwa kubahlanganyeli ukunyakaza engabandlululi, impi, abasebenzi ekhaya phambi, komhlaba kanye izidlamlilo zabantu. Sekukonke, angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-7 abantu belwa izindondo.

izindondo esungulwe

Izindondo, okuyinto Kwamiswa ngokubamba kwabo iqhaza empini, lokhu okulandelayo:

- 8 "Ngoba Defense": Leningrad, kwaseStalingrad, Kiev, Odessa, Sevastopol, e-Arctic Soviet, eMoscow kanye eCaucasus;

- 3 "Ukuze wenkululeko": Belgrade, Warsaw, ePrague;

- 4 "ngokuthatha": Budapest, Vienna, Berlin kanye eKönigsberg;

- 2 "Wokunqoba": lonke elaseJapane, phezu eJalimane;

- "Partisan besizukulwane seMpi Patriotic";

- "Ukuze Umuntu Oyiqhawe yezabaSebenzi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe";

- "Gold Star";

- "Ukuze Izikhungo e Battle";

- "Ukuze Isibindi";

- Nakhimov wasebusika;

- ibheji "Guard".

- Medal of Ushakov.

Medal kuqhathaniswa ne-oda ngaphansi udumo umvuzo.

Ama-oda ngokubamba iqhaza seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili

Ngokungafani izindondo umhlobiso empini bengase babe degrees amaningi. Ukuze iqhaza seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili base okulandelayo: iMpi Yezwe II, Lenin, Red Star, Red Banner, Nakhimov, Ushakov, "Wokunqoba" Ziphakamise, Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, Kutuzov, u-Alexander saseNevsky, Suvorov. sizokutshela kabanzi ngalezi imiklomelo.

Oda besizukulwane seMpi Patriotic

Ngo-1942, ngo-May 20 ngemvume isimemezelo ku ukusungulwa the Order of the I neyesi-II degree. Kwakuthinta efakwe ohlwini okokuqala emlandweni eSoviet Union umklomelo uhlelo sezakhiwo ethize lapho umklomelo ezazinikwe ukuba abamele ezinkulu lixuku ukubeletha ezweni lethu.

Ama-oda Military I neyesi-II degree sasivunyelwa abantu yokuniyala kanye nesakhiwo ejwayelekile ye Navy, Red Army, le NKVD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhishwa abashokobezi abaye ababonisa isibindi, isibindi nesibindI empini namaNazi noma izenzo zabo ziye zaba nomthelela ngandlela-thile impumelelo ezempi amabutho aseSoviet. It okuxoxiswene eceleni bafaneleke Order of izakhamuzi. Lakhethwa ngeqhaza labo ukunqoba isitha.

Battle-Order of mina degree ungase uthole umuntu mathupha wabhubhisa 2 medium noma ezisindayo noma ukukhanya 3 isitha amathangi, noma 3 medium noma ezisindayo noma ukukhanya 5 njengengxenye nezisebenzi isibhamu; II degree - 1 medium noma ithangi esindayo, noma 2 okhela sinda naphakathi 2 noma 3 ukukhanya njengengxenye nezisebenzi isibhamu.

UNongorwana Suvorov

Martial Order, okuye ogama lakhe behlonipha Aleksandra Nevskogo, Suvorov futhi Kutuzov, kwamiswa eSoviet Union ngo-June 1942. Le miklomelo ungathola iRed Army izikhulu futhi ojenene ngobuholi bakhe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yokuhlinza ezempi, kanye umehluko izimpi nesitha.

UNongorwana Suvorov mina degree unikelwa izinduna wamabutho futhi nezimpi, kanye namasekela abo, izinhloko zeminyango kanye ekomkhulu zokusebenza, ukulwa izingalo, amabutho kanye nezimpi ngoba ihlelwe ngempumelelo futhi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa lempi esikalini ngaphambili noma ibutho, ngenxa okuyinto libhujisiwe noma isitha wahlulwa. Into eyodwa kumele kuvunyelwane ngokwehlukile: ukunqoba kumele iwine amabutho nakanjani ezincane ngaphezu kwesitha, anda aphakeme, ayezosebenza njengabaqondisi isimiso Suvorov, uthi ikhono ukushaya isitha, hhayi eziningi.

Order of II degree ungase uthole lamabutho kumlawuli, division noma izindlu, kanye nephini lakhe noma induna kwabasebenzi ngenxa yokuthi ke kwakuhlelwa Ukunqotshwa kwe-division noma amabutho, ukufohla kwesitha ukuzivikela band kulandele ukushushiswa kanye ukuhlulwa, kanye nenhlangano ukulwa olwenziwa endaweni aphume ke ebe egcina ukulwa amakhono yezingxenye zayo, imishini yayo nezikhali. Futhi armored amabutho umlawuli kuqashelwe ukuze yokuthi uye eyenziwa ezijulile ngemuva isitha imigqa ekuphangeni ngubani inflicted him buhlungu okunothando eyayiqinisekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinhlelo zokuxhasa imisebenzi yempi.

III Class-oda lwenzelwe nomvuzo izinduna ehlukahlukene (ngomlomo, Ibutho regiments). Unikelwa ngebanga inhlangano okunekhono nokuziphatha impi waletha lokunqoba amabutho abangaphansi kuka-isitha.

UNongorwana Kutuzov

Lokhu umhlobiso lempi mina degree, yakhelwe ngomculi Moskalev, angase abuyiselwe ukuba induna yempi, ngaphambili kanye nephini lakhe noma induna kwabasebenzi ngenxa yokuthi ukuhamba kwabo ophoqelelwe kwakuhlelwe kahle ezinye uxhumano ezinkulu nokusebenzisa counterattacks isitha, esiphelweni sesimiso esisha imingcele zempi yakhe nge ukulahlekelwa elincane ukwakheka kwabo; kanye nenhlangano esihle nokuziphatha imisebenzi ngokumelene amabutho amaningi esitha, obuqand atholakale amayunithi ezinkulu, nokulonda ezilungele njalo kwezinhloko zamaviyo okwesikhathi okuhlaselayo juqu ekulweni nesitha.

izinga Martial ukuthi ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi MI Kutuzov, kwaba ngesisekelo isimiso. Lokhu ukuvikela anekhono Tactical egqoke phansi isitha bese balwe juqu.

Omunye-oda lokuqala II degree wathola KS Miller - uMajor General, induna Army 58th, okwakubekelwa bavikela yi Malgobek ukuba Mozdok Caucasian phambi kwesigaba. Njengoba isiphelile main amabutho esitha ezimpini nzima ukuzivikela ibutho laso umkhankaso counteroffensive waya endaweni Yeisk ezilwiwa ngabantu ngokuhlaziya emgqeni German yokuzivikela.

UNongorwana Kutuzov III degree ahlonishwe nesikhulu ngobuciko icebo lokulwa, ngakho sanikwa nokuxhumana ezinhle izinhlobo ezahlukene izikhali kanye nomphumela ngempumelelo ukusebenza.

Oda Aleksandra Nevskogo

Telyatnikov wezakhiwo won mncintiswano lesitfombe lo. Wasebenzisa emsebenzini wakhe Uhlaka okuvela kwi-movie ngokuthi "u-Alexander saseNevsky", ezikhishwe yeshashalazi nje ngaphambili. Yena ohamba phambili UNikolai cherkasov. Iphrofayela ke saboniswa kule Order. Kuyinto medallion nge-portrait maphakathi inkanyezi ebomvu, emihlanu-phuzu, kusuka lapho imisebe esiliva. I iqhawe Russian lasendulo izingxenye (umgodla wemicibisholo, umnsalo, inkemba, poleaxes sawela) zitholakala endaweni emaphethelweni.

Ngokusho yoMthetho bokulwa ukhishwa Order of isikhulu owalwa ku iRed Army, ne isinyathelo esithathwe ekukhetheni isikhashana kuhle ukuhlaselwa ngokugqamile, okungazelelwe futhi kuphumelele isitha, futhi isicelo ukuhlulwa okukhulu. Futhi-ke kwakudingekile ukuba ulondoloze amandla enkulu wawakhipha amabutho akhe. Wanikwa umklomelo kokuphothula umsebenzi ngokuya akaphakeme amabutho esitha anamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo edingekayo ukuze abhubhise iningi amabutho ayo noma okunye ukubhubhisa ngokuphelele. Amazwi athi "bokulwa yaklonyeliswa Order" indoda yeswa phezu umyalo izindiza, ithangi, wezikhali amayunithi, okuyinto inflicted umonakalo esindayo.

Zonke umklomelo wathola amasosha angaphezu kuka-42 eziyinkulungwane, kanye amaphoyisa angaba ngu-70 angaphandle kanye ojenene.

Oda Bogdana Hmelnitskogo

Ibutho laseSoviet wayelungiselela ukusebenza obhekene ehlobo lika-1943 - yokukhululwa Ukraine. umqondo Bazhanov umqondisi imbongi kanye ifilimu Dovzhenko sika le ndondo, ogama lakhe behlonipha Ukraine umholi elikhulu lempi futhi sikahulumeni. Material le oda ngezinga lokuqala - igolide, wesibili nowesithathu - Isiliva. Statute sivunyiwe ngo-1943, ku-10 Okthoba. Emnikeza Order of izinduna kanye amasosha iRed Army futhi abashokobezi abaye babonisa umehluko e izimpi inkululeko kusuka abahlaseli wamaNazi ezweni Soviet. Sebebonke, kwanikezelwa ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane 8.5. Man. Oda 323 fighters idigri yokuqala ukhishwa, kwesibili - mayelana 2400, kanti eyesithathu - phezu 57. Abaningi amayunithi ezempi kanye izingxenye (engaphezu kwenkulungwane) wathola ke njengoba umklomelo ngokuhlanganyela.

UNongorwana Inkazimulo

Soviet lokulwa imiklomelo zihlanganisa i the Order of eNkazimulweni. iphrojekthi Wakhe wabulawa Moskalev, ngo-1943, ngo-Okthoba, sivunyiwe umlawuli omkhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ivume Order Inkazimulo umbala kudabuke esinikezwe yilo mculi. Kwaba orange kanye nabantu abamnyama. Nombala ofanayo kwaba itheyiphu Order of St George - yayinodumo kakhulu kunabo ku umklomelo zangaphambi wamavukelambuso ukulwa Russian.

degrees abathathu Order of eNkazimulweni. The umklomelo we idigri yokuqala - igolide, eyesibili neyesithathu - Isiliva (eyayibhalwe emaphakathi medallion kwaba ngo-oda besigaba sesibili). lesi sibonakaliso ungase uthole iqhawe ngempumelelo yakhe siqu, ebonakaliswa enkundleni yempi. Ikhishwe idatha oda ngokuqinile ngokulandelana - kusukela aphansi ngezinga eliphakeme.

Thola le ndondo ayengakwenza nomuntu bagqekeza indawo yokuqala isitha ukulondolozwa empini banner izingxenye zalo noma umshini isitha; kanye nalowo ukulondolozwa umlawuli empini, befaka ukuphila kwabo engozini, wadutshulwa phansi indiza wamaNazi izikhali siqu (ngezibhamu noma umshini) noma ezenzeke kithi ngokwethu wabhubhisa ayizitha 50, njll

Kube engunyaza phakathi neminyaka yempi mayelana izinhlamvu izigidi ezingu-Order of III degree. Award of II degree wathola abantu abangaphezu kuka-46 eziyinkulungwane, futhi owokuqala - mayelana 2600.

Order of "Wokunqoba"

Lokhu oda seMpi yoMhlaba yesiBili (ukulwa) yasungulwa ngo-1943 ngesinqumo somthetho 8 Novemba. The yisimiso kushiwo ukuthi waklonyeliswa ophakeme umyalo abasebenzi ukuze ukuziphatha ngempumelelo imisebenzi yezempi (elilodwa noma ngaphezulu, nezimpi), ngenxa okuyinto isimo kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu esivuna ebuthweni laseSoviet.

Abantu abangu-19 wathola le ndondo. Kabili kwaba Stalin, kanye Onogada Vasilevsky futhi Zhukov. Uma sifika kuye Tymoshenko, ethi Tolbukhin, Malinovsky, Rokossovsky, Konev, Antonov. Meretskov waklonyeliswa timphawu wengxenye idatha ilwa neJapane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaholi bezempi angaphandle ezinhlanu imakwe kubo. It uTito, Michał uRola-Żymierski, Eisenhower, Montgomery futhi Mihai.

Order of Red Banner

Lo myalo yasungulwa ngo-1924, ngemva kweminyaka emibili kwamiswa eSoviet Union. amasosha aseSoviet, izakhamuzi futhi abashokobezi, ukhishwa Order of Red Banner (ingqikithi eziyikhulu), ngiyitholile ngezenzo uzibophezele phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Unikelwa ngebanga izenzo zobuqhawe ezenziwa nge ingozi esobala ekuphileni esimweni ukulwa. Futhi elwa ifulege Order angazuza umuntu lobuholi esivelele ezempi zika izinhlangano ezehlukene, zokwakheka, amayunithi, ebonakalisa isibindi nesibindI. Wema ngenxa isibindi ezivelele futhi isibindi lapho kukhishwa umsebenzi okhethekile. Thola i the Order of Red Banner wawungakuthenga ukuze athole isibindi isibindi kuboniswe ekuqinisekiseni zethu zokuphepha kazwelonke ezweni, bangasephula imingcele engozini ukuphila. Red Banner Order eyakhishwa yimpumelelo ukulwa imisebenzi yempi, amayunithi lempi, izinhlangano kanye nokuxhumana okubonwa wahlasela isitha, naphezu ukulahlekelwa yinoma yimuphi nezinye izimo ezingezinhle salokhu. Njengoba umvuzo, bathola noma zokuletha ukuhlulwa okukhulu isitha, noma uma izenzo zabo nomthelela impumelelo amasosha aseSoviet ngo ukuqaliswa imisebenzi emikhulu.

UNongorwana Ushakov

UNongorwana Ushakov - aphakeme maqondana nezinye oda, okuyinto yanikwa nezikhonzi imikhumbi, - Nakhimov. Anakho degrees ezimbili. The umklomelo we idigri yokuqala yenziwa e-platinum, kanti eyesibili - egolide. Umbala Sash - omhlophe noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, e-pre-wamavukelambuso eRussia umbala ifulege St Andrew (asolwandle). Umi le ndondo ngo-1944, ku-3 Mashi. Wakhipha umyalo ukuba umsebenzi kuphumelele asebenzayo, okwaphumela ukunqoba yafinyelelwa ngaphezu kwesitha, anda aphakeme. Ngokwesibonelo, i- empini amasosha asemanzini, owabhubhisa abalulekile amabutho esitha; I-kokufika ngempumelelo ukusebenza ezifana ukubhujiswa kuye kwabangela eziningi zezinqaba angasogwini nasemaxhaphozini izisekelo isitha; ngezenzo zakhe ngokugqamile ezithathwe ukuxhumana olwandle amabutho esitha, ngokuletha uyisa eyigugu futhi yempi abangu Ngishoné yiwo. Oda degrees Ushakova II njengoba umvuzo ukhishwa kwaba izikhathi ezingu-194. 13 Imikhumbi Amayunithi Navy babe lokhu timphawu ku amabhanela.

UNongorwana Nakhimov

amahange eziyisihlanu inkanyezi Order of indaba emfushane. Bona ayebhekiswe izinduku zakhe medallion esibonisa Admiral ekusondeleni Timm. Umkhaya Ohlukene indondo ku-degree ezimbili - lokuqala nelesibili. Izinto for yokukhiqiza babe igolide nesiliva ngokulandelana. Made ibe ngeyamarubi inkanyezi imisebe ngezinga lokuqala le ndondo. Kwaba inhlanganisela imibala orange futhi omnyama ekhethelwe tape. Umi le ndondo ngo-1944, 3 Mashi.

Order of Lenin kanye Red Star

Order of Lenin wathola abantu abangaphezu kuka-36 eziyinkulungwane ngomsebenzi okhetheke khulu, futhi Red Star -. Babalelwa ku 2900. Bobabili Kwamiswa ngo-1930, ngo-Ephreli 6.