Weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian Navy Russia: isakhiwo kanye nendawo

Wasebenza Association iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia kusekelwe e-Astrakhan, kanye ingxenye imikhumbi surface, ukucinga kanye khulula izitsha, izindiza, ingxenye amabutho ukuvikela ugu nokusekelwa ekhethekile, ezobuchwepheshe kanye logistic. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ke zimi kanje: ukunikeza izithakazelo Russia kazwelonke kanye nesimo esifundeni yokulwisana ubuphekula.

indaba

Red Banner iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia - cishe op inhlangano endala kunazo zonke Navy wezwe lakithi, kwakheka ngo-November 1722 uMbusi uPeter Omkhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo port wezempi e-Astrakhan, ukuvikela enyakatho kanye-west coast yoLwandle iCaspian lakhiwa. weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian Navy Russia uye wahlanganyela cishe zonke emikhankasweni ngofaka amazwe esifundeni: umkhankaso Persian e 1722, ngofaka uMbusi, ephelezelwa kakade 80 imikhumbi emikhulu. Kusukela 1867 base main kuhanjiswe ku Baku. inhlanzi evikelwe Ngakho futhi ekudobeleni inzuzo banikezwe weqembu lemikhumbi izithakazelo zezimboni Russian e-Iran. Merit yayinengi: i iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia iwine ilungelo kudabuke St George sika ukugqokwa amatilosi cap sakhe.

Ngo-1918, imikhumbi kwaba imikhumbi esifundeni Astrakhan, khona-ke kwaba ihlelwe kabusha ngo-1931. Phakathi Omkhulu Patriotic iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia alwa at Mariupol, Kerch, Sevastopol nezinye izimpi eziningi, ephelezelwa kukuncane okungenziwa amatilosi akulezo ukuthuthwa impahla emikhunjini yezempi namafutha yonkana yoLwandle iCaspian. Ngezimpawu namasevisi lwakhe olukhulu ekulweni abahlaseli undlovukayiphikiswa, emakhulwini amaningi amatilosi nezikhulu kwanikezelwa izindondo imiklomelo, phakathi kwawo - Heroes zaseSoviet Union ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa eziyisishiyagalombili. weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian ngokwayo waklonyeliswa Order of Red Banner futhi baba Red Banner.

Esekela kanye nokusungulwa

Lapho likahulumeni waseSoviet beqiniso lashabalala, kanye Republic siguqulelwa amazwe lelitimele, ngo-1992 amabutho kanye esebenzisa imikhumbi weqembu lemikhumbi nazo ahlukaniswe. amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa izimali zihanjiswe emuva e-Astrakhan, lapho endlunkulu main, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, e Kaspiysk futhi Makhachkala, amaphesenti amathathu asele bashukumiseleka ukuba Azerbaijan - ezezindlu, ingqalasizinda kanye nemikhumbi ugu. Ngo-2010 i-weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian isivele ingxenye Southern Military District. Kuyinto mhlawumbe ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu, njengengxenye ke ayingxenye Marine Corps, ugu amabutho rocket wezikhali, nokunye okuningi, ngaphezu isakhiwo esiyisisekelo - kwehlukana eziningana nemikhumbi nabasebenza.

Namuhla, i-weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian has imikhumbi mayelana ezingamashumi ezihlukahlukene izitsha, imikhumbi emibili wokugada - "Dagestan" futhi "Tatarstan", ezintathu missile ezincane - "Uglich", "Grad Sviyazhsk" futhi "Ustyug Omkhulu," ezine ezincane umkhumbi wezikhali - "Makhachkala" "Volgodonsk" futhi "Astrakhan". Futhi kukhona wezikhali kanye missile izikebhe, minesweepers ezimbili angasogwini nasemaxhaphozini ezinhlanu ekuphangeni eziyisithupha kokwehla izikebhe, nokunye, nokunye okuningi. weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian, ngokuvumelana eMnyango Wezokuvikela Russia, kodwa ngo-2015, naye wahlanganyela ososayensi amadoda angaphezu kwamashumi amane emikhakheni ehlukene, kuhlanganise counter-ubuphekula. Kuyinto Flagship missile patrol umkhumbi "Tatarstan" iphansi kwesandla sika-engemuva Admiral Igor Osipov. Imikhumbi kanye nezitsha, we ekhethekile injongo amayunithi - udumo nenkazimulo evikela futhi esandisa iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia. Ukwakheka ahlukahlukene alo futhi ephelele ngangokunokwenzeka: lokhu kufaka ngisho lokuhlola amanzi Izikhungo emkhunjini Navy.

ukusetshenziswa

Surface ingxenye Navy ukuvikela ulwandle imizila yokukhulumisana, uyisa futhi lihlala ihlanganisa amasethi minefields futhi benenkinga okwami, inikeza ukufinyelela kanye ukuthunyelwa ngwenya amabutho, kanye nokubuya kwawo base ndawo. uthuthumele Underwater efanayo ezingalindelekile Kusetshenziswe izinjongo yezwekazi kanye zasolwandle, kanye nezobunhloli. Ukwakhiwa kwezikhali iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi ka Navy IsiRashiya sinamagama eziphambili kakhulu: ballistic futhi uhambe ezicitshwayo. zezindiza Naval senzelwe ukuphikisana amaqembu imikhumbi ebusweni for missile futhi ibhomu okubhekene Okuqondiwe ogwini ukuze kuxoshwe kuhlasela anti-umkhumbi ejikijelwayo isitha izindiza, imikhumbi ikhombise injongo ukuthola ngwenya isitha.

Ngakho, sivikele zonke ogwini yoLwandle iCaspian: lezisekelo asolwandle, amachweba, amaphuzu besekela futhi izindawo somhlaba, futhi alwa phezu yokwakheka lihlala emoyeni-ulwandle. weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian we Navy isiRashiya, okwakhiwa kwalo kudinga Ukuvikelwa izinga kwemingcele yethu, akukhona nje ukuthi umnakekeli, kodwa futhi constrains wonke amabutho empi ka lonke izwe, pacifies usongo Izitha ezilwa ezweni lethu, sivikele nobukhosi bawo, nangale indawo umhlaba - kule yangaphakathi futhi indawo amanzi, kanye ukunyakaza khulula imithambo olwandle nasolwandle.

ukuthula

Kusungula zigcina ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha imisebenzi zasolwandle kwezomnotho we Russian Federation, yingakho izilwandle zomhlaba zizinto samanje futhi asolwandle yeRussia. Ikhombisa ifulege imikhumbi kanye nemikhumbi asolwandle ikhokhwe ukuvakashela ezindaweni ezithe ukuqhela zomhlaba ekuphishekeleni izithakazelo Russia, futhi kwenziwe nge iqhaza noma yokugcinwa esikhulu yemikhumbi yempi umsebenzi wosizo umphakathi wezempi global.

Ngakho, ngo-2015, nakuba iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia awusekelwe iphuzu ngaphandle yoLwandle iCaspian ziye abekwa imivimbo engamashumi amabili nesithupha ka UKSK cruise ezicitshwayo at Okuqondiwe zamaphekula ezinze Aram, ngempumelelo washaya amagoli nanye. Ibanga nengxenye amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane imikhumbi lutholakale kalula phezulu emikhunjini, "Uglich" "Ustyug Omkhulu", "Grad Sviyazhsk" futhi "Dagestan" abhekana ngayo umsebenzi.

imishini

Zonke imikhumbi, oqaphe kwemingcele yethu ku yoLwandle iCaspian, zenzelwe futhi akhiwe shipyards wezwe: at Zelenodolsk namafektri Primorsky, shipyards Azov, Astrakhan Feodosia, Petrozavodsk, kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, "iVolga", "Gulf", "yaqanjwa 61 Communards", kodwa ukuziqhenya esikhethekile - missile izikebhe izikebhe ezinezinjini zika namabhange iNeva, okuyinto ithole iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia. Ikheli: Petersburg, Mid-saseNevsky Shipyard. Missile izikebhe ifakwe Tactical cruise micibisholo "Calibre", okuyinto ikhiqizwa eYekaterinburg. Ngesisekelo elifanayo izakhiwo kwamanzi, ngaphezu kwamanzi, umoya nezwe ezisekelwe futhi ukuthekelisa izinguqulo. Ukuthi lezi zikhali zifana Russia, India neChina.

Idatha version elithekelisiwe ngokusemthethweni emphakathini, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukusho mayelana ububanzi oyinhloko yezikhali ezicitshwayo ezinjalo. Kuyinto phakathi amabili lamatshumi ayisikhombisa amathathu namashumi amakhilomitha. Nokho, emuva ngo-2012 kwaba khona umhlangano we Sergei Akleminskogo, Vice-Admiral, ngaleso sikhathi owayese induna iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi, noMongameli we Dagestan, lapho nezinye izibalo ezikhishwayo. S. Akleminsky kushiwo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi inguqulo yakhe we Tactical missile kralataya eziyinkimbinkimbi ZM14 ( "Calibre") Kulula hit okuhloswe at ibanga engaphezu kwemibili nengxenye ayizinkulungwane amakhilomitha. Samashumi Amabili Nesithupha ka olunembile volleys ilitshe eSiriya, kanye nesinye nesishiyagalombili yimpumelelo ngokulinganayo bathi Vice Admiral akekho bedukiswa. Ihamba nezitsha, kusukela okwakubekelwa aqeda - iyona iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia, ikheli layo ayikashintshi, yoLwandle iCaspian akayekiwe.

Indlela ukwehlukana yoLwandle iCaspian

ICaspian Sea ogwini olwabiwa emazweni amahlanu: Russia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan nase-Iran. Ngaphambili, ngesikhathi yeSoviet Union, emazweni ngokufaka isicelo ichibi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni kwakukhona amabili kuphela - eSoviet Union nase-Iran. Ushintsho ibalazwe yezombusazwe kakhulu izinkinga isimo. Le ndawo kubaluleke kakhulu ngalinye kulawa mazwe, kuba begazi, amandla nangezinto zakhe zigcine enkulu uwoyela negesi, kanye amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye of Sturgeon emhlabeni. Okwamanje, yoLwandle iCaspian phakathi kwamazwe ugu abahlukanisiwe kodwa esishintshashintshayo kwezomnotho kanye amanzi indawo. Leli lungiselelo onganelisekile yimiphi amaqembu. Ngasinye ofuna yimuphi hook noma nge kwengobe ukuthola indawo kakhulu. izithakazelo Ethu yoLwandle iCaspian ukuvikela iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia. Photo ubonisa ukuthi lokhu Ukuvikelwa inemandla.

Russian Federation isikhathi eside waphikelela ngokuthi yoLwandle iCaspian kwaba uhlobo Condo, impahla elivamile laso sonke ezifundazwe ezinhlanu lapho izenzo esihlelwe ngamunye abanye. yehlulekile ukufeza ukuqonda, futhi eMoscow useshintshe isikhundla ngokunikeza ukwehlukana olwandle kanye imigqa lesemkhatsini, nokuqhubeka emngceleni ezweni nasolwandle kuyoba ukushuba Imininingwane. On kulesi sigaba bavumelana Azerbaijan naseKazakhstan. Nokho, Azerbaijan ufuna ukuba nilidle hhayi kuphela phansi, kodwa amanzi wezasemoyeni yayo wemboni. Iran okuningi okufana delozh ngokulinganayo - ezweni ngalinye amaphesenti amabili. Turkmenistan ephikelela amane nesikhombisa amamayela nezinezimo kwezinhloso zenzuzo kwezomnotho. Kafushane, isivumelwano okwamanje. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi emazweni amaningana walala itleyimu imali eyayisanda kutholakala. Ikakhulukazi kusukela kunzima ukudweba imingcele kwechibi, lapho izinga lamanzi - vacillates, futhi ugu kushintsha njalo ezakheke ngayo.

Izimbangela ukungezwani

Zonke zithi iCaspian esifundeni ezakheka izikhali bese andise amandla kulwa navies yabo. Khulisa inombolo imigqomo missile imikhumbi, ngwenya bazovela. Thuthukisa njengoba ukuketula, anti-ukuketula nezingxenye, kanye missile izinhlelo ogwini, amasosha zamasosha. Lena kusho izakhamuzi ngazwi linye bathi ochwepheshe Analytical Centre of jikelele ukuhweba ngezikhali. Ukuhlehlela izikhali weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian Navy Russia: amasosha, zezindiza, ukuxhumana, izikhali - konke lokhu uthola replenishment yandiswe. Godu kuthiwani nengabe omakhelwane yombuzo "kungani?" Russia uthola ezingacacile kakhulu, kanye nangohlobo lwezinto Navy ngesikhathi esifanayo zikhula ngokuqhubekayo.

Izinsongo yoLwandle iCaspian kuyinto enkulu kakhulu, ngokusho emazweni iCaspian. Lokhu okushushumbisa, ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa, ngokuzingela obhejane ngokungemthetho, yebo, ubuphekula. Yiqiniso, into ngayinye kulezi zincazelo ngempela olufanele, ikakhulu njengoba abashushumbisi yesimanje, abazingela ngokungemthetho kanye ngaphezulu manje amaphekula anemisila isayensi yakamuva nobuchwepheshe. Kodwa singakwenza kanjani ukusebenzisa ngokungemthetho missile imikhumbi-ngwenya nge sezikhali zenuzi ebhodini? Yiqiniso, izikhali ezinjalo senzelwe abaphikisi eyingozi. Lokhu kungasho into eyodwa kuphela: zezombusazwe ukuphikisana ezenza sonke isifunda a umfutho high, zizoxazululwa ngokushesha.

I nokuqina kwalo

Ehlobo lika-2016 isibalo sezikhungo uhambo kakhulu, okubandakanya imikhumbi Sea Fleet kanye iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Russian Navy. Astrakhan, okuyinto main imikhumbi indawo-based, nengxenye ekuthuthukiseni umsebenzi ukuhlela kanye nokuqaliswa ukuqeqeshwa ngokuhlanganyela kanye combat ohambweni. Ukwakheka amaqembu Tactical zazihlukile, Kwakuseshwa wezikhali kanye rocket umlilo, ezihilela phezulu emikhunjini amabili kanye nemikhumbi ukwesekwa.

A emncintiswaneni ngamazwe imidlalo lempi "Sea derby", "ukujula" futhi "Sea Cup". Kuphumelele ezingaphezu kuka 197.000 nautical miles, okungukuthi, phezu 336 000 amakhilomitha. Isikhathi esichithwe olwandle nabasebenza, yakhiwa izinsuku 2300 ka, okungukuthi, ngonyaka odlule izibalo zabo zisitshekelwe sikhiqize inani eliphindwe kabili.

izimfundiso 2016

Linye kuphela Juni wawabutha iCaspian sathatha amasonto amabili. Ezindaweni eziqhelelene yempi ubanikeze izitsha ukwesekwa wabuya yalolu hambo zezitho emaphakathi kanye eseningizimu yoLwandle iCaspian. izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu ukuze afeze imisebenzi iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi Navy Russia. Makhachkala futhi Astrakhan wathatha at lezisekelo zawo imikhumbi abadlule engaba izinkulungwane ezimbili amamayela (3,600 km umzila onqamula olwandle) futhi ezingaphezu kuka ayisithupha ezahlukene focus bese isihloko umzimba asolwandle.

Okuthuthukisiwe ikhuluma abasenze ngokuhlanganyela, laba nokuxhumana imikhumbi oda, ukunyakaza saveza ezahlukene yakha. Olwenziwe ezingontuluntulu ukuvikelwa umzimba okwami, emoyeni ukuzivikela, ngokusekelwa umoya, search kanye nokugcinwa zasolwandle kanye nomoya amatshe, esibatshela zezindiza nokubhujiswa okwengeziwe kwelitshe. Refilling wasebenza ukuhambisa fuel, uthambise, replenishment yokusungula ngokunikeza izitsha. Futhi lokhu umkhankaso eyodwa nje. Imfundiso kwaqhubeka kuwo entwasahlobo nasehlobo zonyaka.

Izindaba ezinhle

Rescue isikejana esincane esidonsa izikebhe ezinkudlwana nemikhumbi agcwaliswa iCaspian weqembu lemikhumbi ngoJulayi 2016. SB-738 ngokuphelele wema ukuhlolwa isimo: izitshalo amandla usebenze thembeke, navigation imishini kanye nezinye izinhlelo yabonisa uhlangothi lwakhe engcono. Sekudlule ngempumelelo zonke ukulungiswa eziyinkimbinkimbi nokulawula eziphuthumayo kanye khulula ikhithi, kwacingwa, kanye nomsebenzi diving-ekutholeni ekujuleni ezahlukene, ihlolwe seaworthiness, ukulawula, ngamandla, ukuzinza, inertia nhlobo izimo egijima.

Lo mkhumbi wathatha ingxenye izivivinyo asolwandle ngenhloso yayo esemqoka - ukucisha imililo ogwini futhi esikhathini eziphuthumayo Amakhotho isisulu usizo, olufaka yezokwelapha futhi baphume. Zonke izici umkhumbi kuqinisekiswa ezibekiweko lobuchwepheshe. weqembu lemikhumbi iCaspian ayifakile yayo ubulungu omunye umkhumbi ngaphezulu iyunithi kuya komunye ngezinti ezimbili, ezenziwe kulo msebenzi efanayo. Manje omunye nethonya izosuswa kusuka Shoals imikhumbi e woLwandle Olumnyama, futhi ezimbili - i-iCaspian. Kanye wokukucima imililo, ezidayisa amandla kagesi ukusekela eziphuthumayo ntanta imikhumbi imisebenzi diving, ukuqoqa uwoyela elachithwa kusukela kwamanzi, futhi enze operation search simi kuphi.