Uyini ukuphakama Cathedral St zika-Isaka, u-Ivan Bell Omkhulu

izakhiwo sezenkolo bezilokhu usayizi umxhwele. Orthodox nombhoshongo insimbi - iyathinteka. Ezinye zazo vzmetayutsya kuze kufinyelele ngamamitha 100 nokuningi. Ukuphakama Cathedral St zika-Isaka, u-Ivan Bell Omkhulu ongancintisana amasonto esiphakeme kunazo zonke-Orthodox.

Omunye omkhulu

Ngakho kufanele ngokuthi Cathedral Sika-Isaka Sokuba Petersburg. Phela, wayehawukela - omunye izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu futhi emuhle kakhulu izakhiwo oluyingungu emhlabeni. Ngu usayizi ethempelini singcono kakhulu kuphela St kaPetru Basilica (Rome), St Paul (London) kanye St Mary (Florence). ERussia, Cathedral St Sika-Isaka Sokuba ubhekwa ngenhla Cathedral kuphela elalisanda kwakhiwa kaKristu uMsindisi e Moscow, ukuphakama kwalo ngesiphambano kuyinto 103 metres.

Ukuphakama Cathedral St Sika-Isaka Sokuba Petersburg ifinyelela 101,5 amamitha. Ihlanganisa indawo 4,000 square metres. M. Kulinganiselwa, futhi isisindo ingqikithi wethempeli - amathani angaba ngu-300 000. Kanyekanye kungaba abantu mayelana 12 000. Kaka Cathedral 112 amakholomu Monolithic. Ukuphakama namakholomu Cathedral St-Isaka, noma kunalokho ezinye zazo ifinyelela 17 amamitha.

Lokhu pyatikupolny ethempelini Dome main kabani ubukhulu imayelana 25 amamitha. Enye domes ezine ezincane efakwe belfries ezine, sise amakhona ivolumu eyinhloko isakhiwo.

Umlando sokudalwa

Manje ekhona Cathedral St Sika-Isaka Sokuba - yesine eyakhelwe kule ndawo.

I kuqala 1707 Yakhiwa Church St.-Isaka, elula, ngokhuni, kodwa nge embhoshongweni okusezingeni eliphezulu. Ibandla elakhiwa phezu kwalo phezu oda sikaPeter Omkhulu futhi lwakhe lokuzalwa owawuse kubekwa ethempelini. Futhi kusukela May 30 - liphinde usuku nokudunyiswa St Isaka Dolmatskogo, isonto wathola igama layo. Ngokusho isinqumo kaPetru iminyaka emibili yokuthuthukisa ithempeli lizovuselelwa Kwakuseshwa. Esontweni elilodwa e-1712, inkosi washada ne uCatherine.

Nokho, ngo-1717 kwakhiwa yesonto itshe St. Isaka waqala. Izinkuni sesibolile ngaleso sikhathi. Entsha isonto itshe akazange ihluke ubuhle ekhethekile. Kakhulu efana uPetru noPawulu Cathedral. ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqedwa ngo 1727. Nokho, yokusondelana uMfula iNeva (subsidence) futhi umlilo okubangwa isiteleka umbani ngo-1735, ekugcineni okwaholela isakhiwo esimweni labhidlika. Futhi nakuba wazama ukubuyisela imiphumela emihle kwakungenziwanga izuzwe. Kwanqunywa ukuba ahlukanisa isonto futhi ukwakha entsha, kube nenjongo kakhudlwana, t. E. Hhayi esontweni, futhi Cathedral. Kodwa-ke namanje kwakungenakwenzeka ukuqagela okuzoba ukuphakama Cathedral St Sika-Isaka Sokuba sokugcina.

Okwesithathu Council ngaphansi uCatherine II

Ukwakhiwa thempeli abasha baqala ukuya ngemiyalo yezikhulu uCatherine II ngo 1768. Umklami lo msebenzi waba A. Rinaldi. domes Five nombhoshongo ophakeme kwakudingeka babe lombhishobhi at uhlelo umakhi sika. Nokho, kuze kube sekupheleni ukuqaphela amacebo abo kuhlulekile. Lapho uCatherine Omkhulu efa, lesi sakhiwo kuphela alethwe umpheme wophahla lwesakhiwo. Umsebenzi limiswe ngesikhathi, A. Rinaldi waya endlini yakhe.

Ngokushesha inkosi entsha ngaphambilini Paul ukuqhubeka ukwakhiwa lombhishobhi futhi yayala ukwenza umakhi V Brenna, okuyinto uhlanekezelwe kakhulu Iphrojekthi yokuqala, ikakhulukazi ngokuqondene domes kanye nemibhoshongo. Dome wasesala yedwa, futhi kuyehla ngosayizi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphakama Cathedral St Sika-Isaka Sokuba Petersburg, okwakubekelwa abazinikele e 1802, kwaba kakhulu ngaphansana esivezwa A. Rinaldi. Ithempeli Kwatholakala ngempela Homely.

Umlando kokwakhiwa Cathedral lwanamuhla St Sika-Isaka Sokuba

Akukhona uhambisane isimo lombhishobhi yenhloko-dolobha. Ngakho-ke, eminyakeni engaphansi kwengu-eziyisikhombisa, njengoba mncintiswano kwamenyezelwa ukuze kwakhiwe esisha. Alexander setha isimo kuqala ukuze kulondolozwe-altare ezintathu yayikhona ngaphambili. One by one, inkosi yasenqaba lemisebenzi ehlongozwayo. Ekugcineni, ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi aphathiswa abasha wezakhiwo Montferrand, waseFrance. Ekuqaleni 1818 iphrojekthi sivunyiwe yinkosi.

A umsebenzi okhethekile, futhi ngo-1819 wabeka itshe lokuqala lamiswa ukuphathwa ukwakhiwa.

Nokho, maduzane nje, ukugxekwa yephrojekthi senziwa abadumile wezakhiwo A. Modyui. imibono yakhe eyinhloko yayiba le fragility isisekelo futhi idizayini engafanele Dome main. Ukube sibuyekeze yephrojekthi colisisa, kodwa wonke amazwana bathunjelwa akhawunti. Kuphela ngo-1825, lapho umsebenzi ekugcineni evunyiwe, kanye nokwakhiwa lombhishobhi baqhubeka. Ngaqeda ke eminyakeni 40.

30 Meyi, 1858 umqhele amabandla amasha kuwona khona asebukhosini.

By the way, ukuphakama Cathedral St zika-Isaka, u-Ivan Bell Omkhulu eMoscow ngesikhathi kubhekwa izinto eziphawuleka kakhulu.

Ukubuka inkundla Cathedral

Uma phambi 1917, Cathedral St Isaka kwakubhekwa lombhishobhi main Petersburg, ngemva kokuba yena yaphenduka Museum. Phakathi isakhiwo Omkhulu Patriotic Isonto zithinteka, nakuba kwaba eziyingozi ngesiswebhu.

Okwamanje, lombhishobhi namanje emnyuziyamu, kodwa amaholidi ngemvume eHhovisi loMqondisi lapho kuqhutshwa inkonzo. Sokuqala senzeka ngo-1990.

On emphemeni leli sonto lakhiwa isiteji yokubuka, alinikela umbono elithandekayo edolobheni. Ungabona cishe zonke main izinto Petersburg: Winter Palace, i-Admiralty, Vasilevsky Isiqhingi ne Academy of Arts, Umkhandlu Wezigele kanye isakhiwo esiGungwini nabanye.

Ukuphakama sibhekile Isaka Cathedral kuyinto 43 amamitha. Ngenhla - kuphela umbhoshongo insimbi ye Smolny Cathedral, isiteji ukubukwa elakhiwa ezingeni ukuphakama kwamamitha 50.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi Petersburg White Nights of ebaleni lokudlala St Sika-Isaka Sokuba ubusuku nemini.

Kusukela Petersburg eMoscow

Ukuphakama St Sika-Isaka Sokuba Cathedral kanye Ivan Bell Omkhulu of interest abathandi abaningi emlandweni kanye izikhumbuzo bokwakha Russian. Mayelana lombhishobhi Petersburg kuze uthi konke. Sekuyisikhathi ukuya eMoscow, elisendaweni yayo kakhulu.

Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower isendaweni ezibiyele sika Cathedral Square. Igama layo ngokugcwele - insimbi yesonto umbhoshongo Ioanna Lestvichnika. Ngo-2008, eseneminyaka engu-500 ubudala.

Ivan ukuphakama Omkhulu Bell ifinyelela 81 amamitha (ngaphandle esiphambanweni).

I isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi yeminyuziyamu, isibonelo, umlando we-Moscow Kremlin. Kukhona lapha futhi emphemeni observation.

Umlando internet Ivana Velikogo isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi

Eminye imithombo ibonisa ukuthi kule ndawo ngo-1329 Yakhiwa kulo ibandla labaseTheselonika Christian Bogoslova Ioanna Lestvichnika, eziklanyelwe "ngaphansi insimbi". Nokho, kamuva lachithwa.

Ngo 1505-1508 by umakhi Bon Fryazin eyakhelwe itshe elifanayo elimhlophe kanye isitini insika ezintathu-tiered, obude bakhe mayelana 60 amamitha. Esikhathini uqimba elingaphansi lalithi ngqo esontweni, elingenhla - izinsimbi. Isakhiwo elimiswe inkumbulo Ivan Third.

Kamuva, ibandla lavuselelwa kaningana. Ngakho, ukuphakama insika ebalulekile aye athuthukiswa ngesikhathi Borisov Godunov. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphakama Ivana Velikogo isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi aqala ukufinyelelwa angabekwa 81 amamitha. Kancane ngaphambili yayibizwa exhunywe belfry, eyenzelwe izinsimbi ezinkulu, kodwa elinye ithempeli.

Phakathi sikaNapoleon ayehlasela isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi wahlupheka, kwathiwa kancane ubhujiswe. Eminyakeni eyalandela, Kwakuseshwa nomsebenzi wokuvuselela umhlaba ngemva.

izinsimbi yesimanjemanje

Okwamanje, umbhoshongo insimbi Ivana Velikogo insimbi walondoloza 21. Ezintathu kuzo, enkulu kunazo zonke, efakwe Filaret Isijobelelo kanye Belfry - kweNyuka (amathani angaphezu kuka-65), Reut (wezinhlekelele, cishe 33 amathani) kanye Semisotnov (amathani 13).

Ngqo esisogwini umbhoshongo isikhencezo 18 izinsimbi, yebo, ezincane. On isihlanganisi phansi nesithupha kuwo efakiwe. By the way, amagama eyinqaba kakhulu, "Bear", "dada", "Wide", "Novogorodsky", "Sloboda" futhi "Rostov". Isisindo kubo umxhwele kakhulu - amathani 3 kuya ku-7.

Isihlanganisi yesibili ibekwe Bells 9, ogama sayizi ngisho ezincane. Ekugcineni, zakamuva, isihlanganisi wesithathu efakiwe izinsimbi ezintathu.

Ekuqaleni, zonke ezilenga yokuntwela ukhuni, ngemva kweminyaka eminingi kwabhalwa baze bashukumiseleka ukuba kwensimbi.

Zonke isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi Ivana Velikogo insimbi oyibamba. Le ndlela bayibiza ngokuthi ngamaholidi.

Ekuphetheni, silayishe ukuthi, yebo, ukuphakama Cathedral St zika-Isaka, u-Ivan Bell Omkhulu umxhwele. Nokho, i-ngokumthanda enkulu nakakhulu kuholela zonke ukubukeka kwabo, ngoba kuyizinto ngakwesokudla kukhona yobuciko bokwakha emhlabeni.