Uyini isifundazwe? Izifundazwe kwezilwandle bengafani zasekhaya?

Igama elithi "isifundazwe" ngolimi Russian inezincazelo eziningi, futhi ngenxa yalokhu abanye abantu uyayazisa akucaci ngokuphelele. Ngokwesibonelo, yini esifundazweni eRussia? Njengomthetho, leli gama has eziningana wokwedelela, ukubaluleka okukloloda futhi lihlotshaniswa idolobha elincane noma edolobheni elincane.

Konke akusilo inhlokodolobha

Umhlali inhloko-dolobha Russian Federation uthi esifundazweni - kuyinto "nganoma yini eMoscow" nomngane wakhe kaPetru umphelelisi definition kokukhuluma lakubo. Nakuba eMoscow futhi ugcwale ikakhulukazi abahlali lihlukile "izifundazwe", le Muscovites bakholelwa ukuthi umuzi ababehlala kuwo "woza ngamanani amakhulu" futhi ilungelo eligcwele bahlala inhloko-dolobha yaseRussia has kuphela Muscovite bomdabu. Yiqiniso, lo mbono kuyinto chauvinistic kakhulu nibhekane naye, ngakho abantu lokho okubizwa ngomlobokazi esifundazweni zaqhubeka zibuya emzini omkhulu befuna injabulo. Kwamanye amasiko, umbuzo othi "yini ukuba lesi sifundazwe" uzophendula ehluke, ngaphandle noma ithoni ayiziswana noma ukuqhosha noma osetshenziselwa osolisayo.

Isifundazwe emlandweni

Ekuqaleni leli gama lalisho yeRoma lasendulo, okuyinto lwekuphatfwa ngalokuyimphumelelo abangaphansi kuye futhi nabo ngaphandle nhlonhlo. Basuke kulawulwa kwababusi empeleni kubhekwa angaphandle. Zwisisa ukuthi isifundazwe can, uma sibheka ulimi lwesiLatini. Kukhona umbono wokuthi leli gama lisuselwa Latin the vincere esenzweni esisho "ukuthatha okuthile / ubani Management", kanye pro kuyizinhlayiyana, okusho "egameni." Lonke lahlukaniswa laba izifundazwe nazi okwakugcwele eMbusweni WaseRoma, Rome Nokho, igunya central ngamunye wabo namanje kubhekwa. Kulokhu, okokuqala izwi wawunika engakaze wabeka engasho lutho zendawo ethile esikalini, ngoba kwakusho ifomu yahulumende, kunokuba ngendlela amayunithi indawo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa umehluko phakathi incazelo wangaphambili futhi zanamuhla, hhayi wonke umuntu uyaqonda ukuthi isifundazwe. Ukunqunywa kancane anyakaza futhi kuncike wakho umbono ukuzifinyelela ke: zomlando noma geopolitical.

Singabantu zihlukene kangaka, kodwa namanje sindawonye

Kuleli zwe lanamuhla, emazweni amaningi uhlukanise izindawo zabo zibe izifundazwe. Esinye sezibonelo yesiteleka kakhulu - kuba Canada. ukusebenza wabo okufana kakhulu ukulawula United States of America: Zonke sezifundazwe Nokho angaphansi umthethosisekelo ezivamile, banelungelo yakha ababo ohulumeni bendawo, futhi kunomsindo adonswa kusuka kuhulumeni wezwe. Chaza ukuthi yini sifundazwe eCanada, silula: it is a ehlukile isimo elincane kungaphansi kwemithetho jikelele wezwe lonke, kodwa has inombolo enkulu ehhovisi ngaphakathi insimu yalo. Ngokwesibonelo, esifundazweni ungakha imithetho yabo, kodwa indiva lezo sezivele zenziwe umthethosisekelo, abanalo ilungelo. ECanada, kukhona English- kanye nesifundazwe elikhuluma isiFulentshi, nabanye abahlala ezifundeni abakhuluma isiFulentshi bakholelwa ukuthi lapho bekhuluma isiFulentshi eCanada is engasenamahloni. Kuyinto ongaziwa, ngoba Canada has izilimi ezimbili isimo.

Irish Isifundazwe kanye nesazisi kwamasiko

Futhi ensimini ka esifundazweni yezwe lihlukaniswe Irish. Zaba khona ngaphambili, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi owayebizwa ngokuthi Tuatha ukuthi Old Irish kusho "abantu", "isizwe" noma "isizwe". Njengoba ubona, ubunikazi yamasiko Ireland uzigcinile kuze kube yilolu suku, nakuba ungathanda ngincome imfashini ukunikeza tuath ezifundazweni zabo. Ngakho-ke yini isifundazwe e AmaCeltic yobuhlanga wezwe kanye elves? Ngasekuqaleni e-Ireland, kwakukhona emihlanu kuphela, kodwa ngemva Meath encane kwahlanganiswa Leinster. Ngakho, kakade kwakhiwa ezifundazweni ezine endaweni Ireland yesimanje. Ababona letehlukene ngakho komunye nomunye, kokubili e-Canada, kodwa izakhamuzi isifundazwe ethile bungabonakala ukusetshenziswa ehlukile accent noma ulimi lwesigodi amazwi. Inhloko-dolobha ye -Ireland, Dublin, etholakala esifundazweni Leinster, Munster Isifundazwe kodwa idlula ke ngosayizi.

I-United States kanye nesifundazwe united

Enye indlela enhle embule elithi "isifundazwe" - ukuchaza ukuthi abasebenzi. IsiFundazwe azihlukile kakhulu kuwo, kodwa ngasizathu simbe, ingxenye encane emazweni uncamela uhlukanise indawo yabo phezu amazwe. Lithi edume kunazo - is Yiqiniso, labo elise-Nyakatfo Melika. US kuhlanganisa e ubulungu yayo amazwe angu-50. Futhi, lolu phiko zokuphatha ukhona e-Australia, e-India, Brazil, Venezuela namanye amazwe. Kulokhu, kubhekwa isimo enkulu Texas (USA), lapho abantu abacishe babe izigidi ezingu-27. E-US, umsuka indoda bungabonakala accent yakhe, njengoba nje kunjalo Canada noma Ireland. lenqwaba amahlaya ngokuphathelene Emasiko phakathi izakhamuzi ahlukene abavamile baseMelika, kodwa ngokuvamile kungenzeka lesi sizwe ngokuthi eyodwa, njengoba isimo sengqondo ezakhamuzi zayo cishe okufanayo.